pmil efforts in peanut value chain...
TRANSCRIPT
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PMIL Efforts in
Peanut Value
Chain Research Lessons and Opportunities
from Experience in Haiti
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Presentation Objectives
Present the peanut value chain in Haiti
and identify key constraints
Explain applied research history and
interventions carried out to address key
constraints
Introduce a scalable solution: Acceso
Peanut Co
Discuss ongoing PMIL research agenda
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Consumption Processing Market Production
o Small Scale
o Low input
o Low yield
o Rainfed
o Manual
o Informal
o Local
o Individual
o Seasonal
o Speculative
o Household
Scale
o Local
o Manual
o Limited QC
o Peanut Butter
o Roasted
Peanuts
o Local
Peanut Value Chain Model
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High Production Costs
Land holding (0.5ha/1.2ac)
Low tech, manual labor (cash & collective)
High cost of inputs (seed & labor)
No formal credit for agriculture
Low Yields (~400kg/ha)
Rainfed
Disease
Low soil fertility
Low quality seed (genetically & physically)
Unskilled labor
Limited/no inputs
Consumption Processing Market Production
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o Mixed Cropping
o No Rotation o Trees in landscape
o No Mechanization
o Poor Germination
o Suboptimal seed
spacing
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o Drought Stress
o Disease Stress
o Spacing/Germination o Rotation
o Soil fertility
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o Labor costs
o Security
o Drying tarp improvement
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Post-Harvest Handling
Incomplete drying
Insecure, unventilated storage
High Prices (~$1.50/kg farmer stock, $1500/ton)
Seasonal Volatility
Fragmented market chain
Exploitative speculation by middlemen
Low Quality
Rampant aflatoxin
Immature peanuts
Consumption Processing Market Production
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o Small traders = high
transaction costs
o Volumetric trading = no quality valuation
o Transportation
o Bag improvement
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Filbert, Meghan and Brown, Dan, September, 2012. Aflatoxin Contamination in Haitian and Kenyan Peanut Butter and Two Solutions for Reducing Such Contamination. Journal of Hunger & Environmental Nutrition 7:321-332.
Example of Aflatoxin Contamination P
PB
Afla
toxin
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Consumption Processing Market Production
No Economies of Scale
95% goes to informal sector
Manual processing
No quality control
Peanut Butter at household/community scale
Roasted peanuts at local market
No alternative/waste stream uses (oil)
High Cost/Low Value Product for Consumer
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Haiti Peanut Production
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Mission: “Meds & Food for Kids(MFK) is dedicated
to saving the lives of Haiti’s malnourished children
and other nutritionally vulnerable people.”
Production & Capacity Building
Nutrition R&D
Agriculture Development
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MFK Peanut Demand & Capacity
UNICEF, WFP major clients (including export)
Competition from international manufacturers
(lower price)
1000MT/year finished product (22% is peanuts =
400MT farmer stock)
0.5MT/hr processing capacity
4ppb aflatoxin consistently
Still only buy 30MT/year!
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Peanut CRSP Research (2008-
2012)
High Cost of Production
Livelihood Survey*
Mechanization
Seed systems
Low Yields
Training farmers, students & agronomists
Creole language production guide
Variety trials
Input trials (fungicide, fertility)
*recall data + empirical data
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Mechanization o Soil prep reduced >25%
o Scale increased to 0.5ha/day
o Reduce harvest costs
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Variety Trials
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
36
46
50
51
52
53
54
57
Tift
gu
ard
kg/ha
kg/ha
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
36
46
50
51
52
53
54
57
Tift
gu
ard
Rust
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Variety/Fungicide Trials
0
500
1000
1500
2000
2500
3000
3500
Local
Valencia
Tamspan Spanco Pronto
kg
/ha
Variety
UCNH Fungicide/Variety Trial
with fungicide
without fungicide
Randomized
replicated plots with 3rd
year agronomy
students in Limbe,
Northern Haiti
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What’s next?
Yields can be improved by >2x
Cost can be reduced or balance w/
added inputs
Scalable
Profitable
How can we make these technologies
accessible?
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Clinton Guistra Social Enterprise Fund
Haitian-owned, for-profit corporation
Depot-based, input credit network
Repayment in product
GIS calculated credit, inputs, market
2014 pilot program with 750 farmers
2016: 2000 farmers in 3 regions, 1000MT
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Input Credits
Mechanization Voucher (trained operators)
Seed Credit (improved variety, quality seed)
Fertilizer (access to gov’t subsidy)
Fungicide Voucher (trained operators)
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Pay for
Performance
Training &
Management
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PMIL in Haiti Evaluatue Socioeconomic (G. Kostandini)
Livelihood data
Production data
Tablet Survey- GIS data
Applied Research on Tech Pack (G. Macdonald)
Input evaluation (Fung & Fert)
Variety evaluation
Mechanization Package
Future endeavors: Rainfall insurance, Rotation
Aflatoxin Control (D. Brown)
Best Management Practices
Quality Assurance Protocols
Waste Products
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Thank You!
Questions?