plenary session 1/smart procurement: application of ict ... · { restricted tendering/request for...

$: PLENARY SESSION 1/SMART Procurement: Application of ICT ... · { Restricted tendering/Request for quotations { Non-transparent, reported abuse s^Y { E-catalogues, ERAs, framework$
PLENARY SESSION 1/SMART

Procurement: Application of ICT and

other tools

Caroline Nicholas, UNCITRAL

Secretariat

Global Procurement Summit 2018

SMART procurement and e-procurement

[e-procurement] is emerging worldwide with

the potential to reform processes, improve

market access, and promote integrity in public

procure e t

ADB/WB, Corruption and technology in

procurement, 2007

S art procurement means lean and transparent

procedures, less bureaucracy, a high level of

professionalism, best value for money

for public buyers and easy access for economic

operators to public procure e t.

EU, Jun 20, 2014

SMART procurement and ICT tools

What is e-procurement (1)?

• e-publication/advertisement

• e-solicitation

• e-tendering and e-purchasing

• ERAs, framework agreements,

e-catalogues

• e-contract administration

• e-dispute resolution


What is e-procurement (2)?

• e-oversight

• Entire procurement cycle

• Across procurement procedures

• e-governance

• integration with state budget processes and tax,

social security, registration and licensing

systems and interaction with anti-monopoly,

audit, criminal law institutions


Lean and transparent procedures, less bureaucracy, easy market access

• e-publication AND

• Standard documents

• Standard procedures

• Reducing transaction costs/speed

For procuring entities and suppliers alike

However:

• Do not overregulate e-procurement

• Carefully design your e-procurement system

• Build confidence in e-procurement systems

• Remove obstacles (paper, sealed envelopes?)


Value for money, professionalism

• Economy AND efficiency

• Use of commercial discretion

• M(E)AT vs lowest-priced tenders

• Avoid disproportionate administrative costs

• Restricted tendering/Request for quotations

• Non-transparent, reported abuse

VS …

• E-catalogues, ERAs, framework agreements

• Request-for-proposals vs two-stage tendering


ICT tools to oversee the use of discretion

• Requirement for a procurement record

• All major decisions to be explained

– Procurement method

– Qualification, award criteria

– Sustainability criteria

– Application in the process

• Maintain in real time/keep up to date


UNCITRAL Model Law

• Balances discretion with transparency in

public procurement (record rules)

• Procedures demonstrate how public

procurement policies can be translated

into national legislation

• National law based on Model Law

standards prescribes verifiable targets for

policy implementation


• Limitations of legal framework

• Covered: Selection process, but

• Thresholds

• Exempted sectors (defence)

• Often not covered

• Planning, contract management, oversight

Sometimes not covered

• Compliance programmes for suppliers (integrity pacts

etc)

• Sanctions and debarment

• Interaction with other areas: e.g. culture, workload,

professionalization, training, performance appraisals,

incentives for identification of corruption/collusion, etc


Using the procurement record effectively (1)

Analysis of data using ICT … better

• Oversight (external and internal)

• Measurement of performance/results

• Accountability and integrity

• Default rule: public access

• Who can see the information?

• Individuals, private companies, academia,

civil society

• E cessive tra spare c ?

• Confidentiality and timing concerns

• Ongoing reluctance in some countries to

publish procurement contracts


Using the procurement record effectively (2)

E-procurement provides data-sets

• How to make data accessible?

• E a ple: Ope Co tracti g Data Sta dard

• Structured, standardized, open data & documents

• Analysis of data

• Searchable (cf pdfs …) • To identify questionable practices

• All 3 phases of procurement cycle

• Can identify patterns across procurements

OCDS is:

• A data standard for what to publish and

how to publish it as open data

• A data schema for validation of

published data

• Collected guidance on publishing and

using data

• Ensuring the technical accessibility of

data

• Facilitating evaluation of outcomes

OPEN CONTRACTING

DATA STANDARD



• Publish early, and iterate: improving disclosure step-by-step

• Simple and extensible JSON structure

• Publish data for each step of the contracting process

• Create summary records for an overall contracting process

• Re-useable objects: organisations, tender information, line-items,

amounts, milestones, documents etc.

• Recommended data and documents at basic, intermediate &

advanced levels

• Common open data publication patterns

• Guidance on improving data collection and data quality

• A growing community of users and range of open source tools

http://uncitral.org/uncitral/en/uncitral_texts/procurement_infrastructure.html


UNCITRAL Secretariat works with MDBs to

support capacity development

[email protected]

THANK YOU

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