please read the board and get out something to write with! hungry to learn?
TRANSCRIPT
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• Please read the board and get out something to write with!
Hungry to learn?
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“The way we eat has changed more in the past 50 years than
in the past 10,000 years.”
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•Uniformity of product• Control by very few companies• Industrial food processes•Monoculture• Processing
It produces a lot of food, but is this sustainable?
(Something that can go on and on because it doesn’t use up resources faster than they are created.)
Big changes
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Remember the lesson of the Inca!
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Monoculture
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Monoculture
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Polyculture
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Polyculture
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Polyculture
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Benefits: Easy to manage Provides uniformity Can be grown by few
people as long as they have large machines
Lack of diversity = potential loss of crop to disease/pest
Need for pesticides Need for inorganic
fertilizer because crop takes particular nutrient from soil
Loss of biodiversity from field edges/cover crops
What are the tradeoffs of monoculture?
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Pests and diseases generally are plant-specific.
• Examples –
• Boll weevil attacks cotton plants
• Rust fungus attacks corn
• Yellow rust fungus attacks wheat
• Colorado potato beetle only attacks potatoes
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Diversity protects harvests from pests and diseases because they run out of food.
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Monocultures are like a banquet!
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Pesticides can move through the environment
• Monocultures are often crop dusted by planes.
• If it rains soon after application, pesticide can runoff into local stream.
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What happens in a farming community’s watershed?
• Where would the greatest concentrations of pesticide be?
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Biomagnification: the accumulation of toxins as they move up the food chain.
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Genetic Resistance
• Individual pests can tolerate different amounts of pesticide. Some individuals are stronger than others and they can survive.
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The pesticide treadmill
• Pests develop resistance to pesticide
• Farmer must use Increased dosage, application schedule, increased toxicity
• It’s like a treadmill because once a farmer starts, it’s hard to stop using pesticides.
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The Tradeoffs!• Advantages • Disadvantages
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Why are monocultures unsustainable?