INTEGRATING STUDENT-ATHLETES

INTO CAMPUS ALCOHOL EDUCATION

INITIATIVES

PRESENTERS:DR. G. ANTHONY GRANT, INTERIM ATHLETIC DIRECTOR

JAYME TROGUS, DIRECTOR, CENTER FOR HEALTH EDUCATION AND PROMOTION

BROOKE FISHER, GRADUATE ASSISTANT, CENTER FOR HEALTH EDUCATION AND PROMOTION

KIARA ALLEN, UNDERGRADUATE PEER EDUCATION STUDENT

PRESENTE

R

INTR

ODUCTIONS

MY PERSPECTIVE TODAY IS COMING FROM MY ROLE AS A:

A. College StudentB. College Staff MemberC. College Faculty MemberD. College AdministratorE. Law EnforcementF. Community Prevention

EducatorG. State or Government

EmployeeH. Other

A B C D E F G H

13% 13% 13% 13%13%13%13%13%

DO YOU WORK WITH COLLEGIATE ATHLETES?

A.YesB.No

Yes

No

50%50%

DO YOU BELIEVE THAT COLLEGE ATHLETES ARE AT A HIGHER RISK FOR ALCOHOL ABUSE THAN THE GENERAL CAMPUS POPULATION?

A.YesB.No

Yes

No

50%50%

TO WHAT DEGREE TO YOU THINK ALCOHOL CONSUMPTION EFFECTS ATHLETIC PERFORMANCE?A. No effect at allB. Somewhat effects

athletic performance, but athletes can still compete

C. Definitely alters athletic performance no matter what an athletes’ ability is

A B C

33% 33%33%

WHY STUDENT ATHLETES?

• Greater risk for abusing alcohol than their non-athlete peers1

• Student-athletes experience more frequent negative consequences1

• Heavy drinking can decrease athletic performance by as much as 11.4%2

• In 2009, all 1,079 active members of the NCAA were asked to participate by surveying 1-3 random teams on their campus. 20,474 students responded.3

• 83.1% of respondents indicated drinking alcohol within the past 12 months

• Over half of student-athletes who indicated that they used alcohol in the past year said they began using alcohol before they were 18

• Majority of those who reported using alcohol said they did so less than 2 days/week

• 49% of those who reported drinking drank 5 or more drinks in one sitting

• 54% indicated drinking during both competitive and off seasons

1Brenner & Swanik. High-risk drinking characteristics in collegiate athletics.  Journal of American College Health. 2007; 65 (3) 267-672.2 O’Brien & Lyons. Alcohol and the athlete. Sports Medicine, 2000: 29(5), 295-3003 National Study on Substance Use Trends Among NCAA College Student-Athletes.

NCAA CHOICES AT MILLERSVILLE UNIVERSITY

1. OVERVIEW OF APPLICATION

2. PROGRAM GOALS

OVERVIEW OF CHOICES APPLICATION

• Provides funding for NCAA member institutions and conferences to integrate athletics into campus-wide efforts to reduce alcohol abuse

• Athletics partners with other campus departments in the development and implementation of effective alcohol education projects

• “Choices” theme

• 3 year, $30,000 award• $15,000 first year• $10,000 second year• $5,000 third year

MARAUDER CHOICES PROGRAM GOALS

• Increasing peer to peer education among student-athletes and the campus community

• Challenging the norm that all student-athletes drink in excessive and dangerous ways

• Increasing late night programming offered to MU students

• Raising self-awareness about personal alcohol risk among high-risk student groups

IMPLEMENTING THE PROGRAM AT MILLERSVILLE UNIVERSITY

1. PROGRAM GOALS

2. DETAILED ELEMENTS OF THE PROGRAM

TOP ROW: KEVIN PORTER (FOOTBALL), MARY PAUL (VOLLEYBALL), KIARA ALLEN, PROJECT LEAD (TRACK & FIELD)

FRONT ROW: SHANNON CRUZ (CROSS COUNTRY), JAIME CESSNA (SWIMMING), MARGARET THORWART (FIELD HOCKEY)

YEAR 1

Goal 1, Year 1: A 6 student-athlete peer education group will be convened (Marauder Choices peer educators) and provided a minimum of 20 hours of training to educate their peers about alcohol

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 1 – PEER EDUCATION

PROGRAM ELEMENTS – PEER EDUCATIONGoal 2, Year 1: 75% of student-athletes who participate in a one hour Marauder Choices peer education program will improve their alcohol education knowledge by 50% as measured by pre- and post-tests.

• Student-athlete peer educators schedule 1-hour time slot with each varsity athletic team

Program includes information and interactive activities on topics such as:1. How to pour a standard drink2. How long it takes to “sober up”3. How to intervene in risky situations involving alcohol4. How to drink in less risky ways5. How drinking effect athletic abilities

Teams participate in anonymous questions using clickers Designed to give teams a place to discuss team norms or

problems involving alcohol with relatable student-athlete peer educator and without a coach present

SHORT EXAMPLE OF OUR PROGRAM

• Bystander intervention aspect of the program is designed to help students notice risky situations and help them devise a plan on how to intervene• Since student-athletes are members of a team, we chose to

include this information so they know how to help/look out for one another out and other students on campus

• Goal is to get student-athletes thinking about what they would want other people to do for them in these types of situations

• On the following slides:• From a student-athlete’s perspective, how do you think a student

would respond in the following four situations

SCENARIO #1: WHILE AT PRACTICE, ONE OF YOUR TEAMMATES STATES THAT THEY GOT REALLY DRUNK LAST WEEKEND AND DOESN’T REMEMBER MUCH OF SATURDAY EVENING.

A. I don’t think it is wrong

B. I think it is wrong, but I won’t intervene

C. I want to intervene but don’t know how

D. I would interveneA B C D

25% 25%25%25%

SCENARIO #2: YOU OVERHEAR TWO ATHLETES TALKING AFTER STUDY HOURS AND NOTICE ONE STUDENT IS TALKING ABOUT THIS CRAZY PARTY ON THURSDAY NIGHT. ONE MENTIONS THEY ARE PLANNING ON GETTING FRESHMEN ON THE TEAM REALLY DRUNK.

A. I don’t think it is wrong

B. I think it is wrong, but I won’t intervene

C. I want to intervene but don’t know how

D. I would intervene A B C D

25% 25%25%25%

SCENARIO #3: YOU OVERHEAR TWO STUDENTS TALKING ABOUT A RECENT SEXUAL ENCOUNTER WITH ANOTHER ATHLETE. THE ONE STUDENT STATES THAT “WE WERE BOTH REALLY DRUNK, BUT I THINK IT WAS GOOD”.A. I don’t think it is

wrongB. I think it is wrong,

but I won’t interveneC. I want to intervene

but don’t know howD. I would intervene

A B C D

25% 25%25%25%

SCENARIO #4: YOU ARE AT A PARTY AND SEE A TEAMMATE WHO IS CLEARLY INTOXICATED. THE TEAMMATE IS PASSED OUT AND YOU HAVE BEEN DRINKING, TOO. YOU KNOW THAT YOUR COACH HAS A STRICT POLICY AGAINST DRINKING IN SEASON AND YOU AND YOUR TEAMMATE WILL BE KICKED OF THE TEAM IF COACH FINDS OUT.A. I don’t think it is

wrongB. I think it is wrong,

but I won’t intervene

C. I want to intervene but don’t know how

D. I would interveneA B C D

25% 25%25%25%

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 1– DATA COLLECTION

Goal 3, Year 1: 40% of student-athletes will complete the American College Health Association’s (ACHA’s) National Collegiate Health Assessment (NCHA). Data from the assessment will be utilized to plan a social norms campaign for Fall 2014.

N=99 Varsity athletes Average age: 19 71% female participants 47% reside in a campus residence 82% Caucasian 30% 1st year, 26% 2nd year, 23% 3rd year, 22 % 4th year and

beyond

HOW MANY MILLERSVILLE UNIVERSITY STUDENT-ATHLETES DO YOU BELIEVE NEVER DRANK ALCOHOL?

A.10%B.20%C.30%D.40%

A B C D

25% 25%25%25%

HOW MANY MILLERSVILLE UNIVERSITY STUDENT ATHLETES DO YOU BELIEVE CONSUMED 4 OR FEWER DRINKS THE TIME THEY PARTIED/SOCIALIZED?

A.23%B.41%C.60%D.75%

A B C D

25% 25%25%25%

WHAT PERCENTAGE OF MILLERSVILLE UNIVERSITY STUDENT ATHLETES DO YOU BELIEVE USE AT LEAST 1 RISK REDUCTION STRATEGY WHEN DRINKING?

A.67%B.77%C.87%D.97%

A B C D

25% 25%25%25%

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 1– DATA COLLECTION

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 1– DATA COLLECTION

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 1– DATA COLLECTION

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 1 - SAACGoal 4, Year 1: An alcohol abuse awareness subgroup will be formed within the Student-athlete Advisory Committee containing a minimum of six representatives. The group will meet at least 2 times per semester to assist with planning late night programming, disseminate Marauder Choices information to their teammates, and provide feedback in the administration of the Marauder Choices program.

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 1 – LATE NIGHT PROGRAMMING

Goal 5, Year 1: A minimum of 500 MU students will participate in at leastone late night/weekend program offered by Marauder Choices, in conjunction with the Center for Student Involvement and Leadership, Campus Recreation and the Fitness Center.

YEAR 2

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 2– SOCIAL NORMS

•50% of MU students who complete a social norms campaign evaluation will correctly identify the percentage of MU student-athletes who consume 0-4 drinks when socializing.

•75% of MU student-athletes who complete a social norms campaign evaluation will correctly identify the percentage of MU student-athletes who consume 0-4 drinks when socializing and the percentage of student-athletes who use risk reduction strategies when drinking.

• 75% of student-athletes who participate in a one hour Marauder Choices peer education program will improve their alcohol education knowledge by 50% as measured by pre- and post-tests.

• Hearing where my teammates stand on alcohol-related issues

• How long it takes to sober up

• Knowing how to help someone in need

• Statistics• Binge drinking• Alcohol content in

different alcohol

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 2– PEER EDUCATION

Standard drink sizes • B.A.C. • Safer ways to drink • Facts about MU athletes and

drinking • Risks of drinking• How drinking impairs you

days after and the tolerance with B.A.C.

MARAUDER CHOICES PROJECT YEAR 2 – PEER EDUCATION

What We’ve Learned About Student-Athlete Alcohol Use: Their Perspective:

1. Do you drink alcohol in season?A. Yes 96B. No 42

2. Do you drink alcohol out of season?A. Yes 119B. No 19

3. Do you drink alcohol within 24 hours of a game or practice?

A. Yes 48B. No 88

4. When you drink alcohol, how many standard drinks to you typically

consume?A. Just a standard drink or

224

B. Just enough to help me feel buzzed

43

C. Enough to lose my inhibitions

33

D. I just drink until I don’t feel like it anymore – I don’t keep

track40

5. Has your athletic performance been impacted as a result of alcohol use?

A. Yes 21B. No 96

C. Not sure 6D. I may have a

hangover, but I can still compete

16

6. Have you noticed an impact on your team's performance as a result of

alcohol use?A. Yes 44B. No 95

7. Do you think alcohol is a concern for you team?

A. Yes 39B. No 100

8. Do you think it should be required for all student-athletes to abstain

from alcohol in season?A. Yes 35B. No 72

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 2– AWARENESS AND LATE NIGHT PROGRAMMING EVENTS• A minimum of 600 MU students will participate in at

least one educational/interactive activity at a MU sporting event where they will be educated about alcohol and good sportsmanship.

• The Marauder Choices peer educators will increase alcohol awareness on campus, in conjunction with the MU peer educators, to a minimum of 400 MU students, by providing events during Alcohol Awareness Week and Wellness Week.

MARAUDER CHOICES YEAR 2 – PASSHE SURVEY• All student-athletes will successfully complete the PA State System

of Higher Education online alcohol self-assessment, as documented through a printed certification of completion, and will have a focused discussion about the assessment with their SAAC representatives.

• 80% of students participating in a MU Club Sport will successfully complete the PA State System of Higher Education online alcohol self-assessment, as document through a printed certificate of completion, and will have a focused discussion about the assessment with leaders within their team.

WHAT’S NEXT?1. YEAR 3

2. PROGRAMMING AFTER GRANT FUNDING CONCLUDES

3. LESSONS LEARNED

• 80% of students involved in Greek Life will successfully complete the PA State System of Higher Education online alcohol self-assessment, as documented through a printed certificate of completion, and will have a focused discussion as an organization about the assessment with two leaders within their Greek chapter.

• 75% of first year students in Freshmen Year Experience courses, whose course instructors agree to participate, will successfully complete the PA State System of Higher Education online alcohol self-assessment, as documented through a printed certificate of completion, and will have a focused discussion about the assessment with Marauder Choices peer educators or MU peer educators.

• All student-athletes will successfully complete the PA State System of Higher Education online alcohol self-assessment, as documented through a printed certificate of completion, and will have a focused discussion about the assessment with their SAAC representatives.

• The Marauder Choices peer educators will increase alcohol awareness on campus, in conjunction with MU peer educators, by a minimum of 400 MU students by providing events during Alcohol Awareness Week and Wellness Week

• 75% of first year student-athletes who participate in a one hour Marauder Choices education program will improve their alcohol education knowledge by 50% as measured by pre- and post- tests.

• A minimum of 750 MU students will participate in at least one late night/weekend program offered by Marauder Choices, in conjunction with the Center for Student Involvement and Leadership, Campus Recreation and the Fitness Center.

MARAUDER CHOICES PROJECT GOALS YEAR 3

PROGRAMMING AFTER GRANT CONCLUDES• Continue peer education• Continue other program elements but

with scaled down budgets• Continue data collection

LESSONS LEARNED

• Student-athlete buy-in and peer influence

• Engaging coaches and athletics administration

• Consistent alcohol policy within athletic department

• Importance of branding• Good things take time

Thank you!

Dr. Anthony Grant: anthony.grant@millersville.edu

Jayme Trogus: jayme.trogus@millersville.eduBrooke Fisher: brooke.fisher@millersville.edu

Kiara Allen: kjallen@millersville.edu