platform progress report 2007

7/30/2019 Platform Progress Report 2007

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@deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqkleq Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~

Sqe`qgrr Qgseq~ 1330

Sqgsiqgn a~jg Sdi~leqk Rgbqg~iqoi~


2/46

ÎADG EL BEM^GM^R

Lqek ~jg Sdi~leqk Bjioq 31

9- Sdi~leqk i~ i `dimbg 3>

9-9- R~qwb~wqg imn kgkagqrjos 37

9-1- Sdi~leqk kgkagqr om 1330 30

1- Ibjog|gkgm~r om 1330 3:

1-9- In|ebib imn ew~qgibj 3:

1-1- Rjiqgn dgiqmom` imn omme|i~oem 92

1-2- Ion gllgb~o|gmgrr 9- Sqoeqo~y iqgir leq 133: 17

Immgz I6 Awn`g~ imn gzsgmno~wqgr om 1330 1$ ewq ib~o|o~ogr ji|g aggm

`giqgn ~epiqnr ng|gdesom i beng el bemnwb~$ pjobj in|orgr

r~ihgjedngqr em hg sqombosdgr leq `qgi~gq ion gllgb~o|gmgrr

om ~jg qwqid rgb~eq- Gzsgqogmbgr imn dgrremr dgiqmgn i~

bewm~q imn jginywiq~gqr dg|gd ji|g aggm ~qimrdi~gn om~e

~jg Sdi~leqk beqmgqr~emgr imn feom~ sqombosdgr- Om siq~ob+

wdiq$ ~jg feom~ sqombosdgr leq gmjimbom ion gllgb~o|gmgrr om

i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ sqe`qikkgr pgqg

diwmbjgn imn ngai~gn nwqom ~jg Gwqesgim Qwqid Leqwk em

Rwr~iomiadg Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~ om Agqdom-

^jg bekko~kgm~ el ewq Lebid Seom~r ir ib~o|g in|ebi~gr rsgihom i~ g|gm~r jir iddepgn

ombqgirgn qgbe`mo~oem el ~jg Sdi~leqkr èidr imn or i kifeq rwbbgrr lib~eq om ewq peqh-

^jor ombqgirgn qgbe`mo~oem jir aggm gzsqgrrgn om rsggbjgr domhgn po~j |iqoewr g|gm~r$ leq

gziksdg ~jg LIE Peqdn Leen Ni 1330- I~ ~jg rikg ~okg$ pg iqg g|ed|om ir i dgiqmom`

mg~peqh$ iokom ~e injgqg ~e ~jg Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem a bemnwb~om feom~ irrgrrkgm~r- Pg

r~odd lomn `deaid beeqnomi~oem el ewq logdn qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr i ~irh pjobj ngrgq|gr lwq~jgq

i~~gm~oem$ aw~ ewq feom~ ongm~olobi~oem el hmepdgn`g isr jir dgn ~e i rgqogr el imidrgr ~e

rwsseq~ wr om ewq peqh- Pg ji|g diwmbjgn ~jg loqr~ Sdi~leqk sedob aqogl$ ir i deòbid

rgywgd ~e ewq Sdi~leqk Je~ êsobr el 133


5/46

32

Pg ji|g pongmgn ~jg rbesg el ewq peqh lqek ~jg mi~oemid ~e ~jg qgòemid dg|gd- Pg rwb+

bgrrlwdd r~qgm`~jgmgn ~jg bekkwmobi~oem imn beeqnomi~oem el ng|gdeskgm~ siq~mgqr

om|ed|gn om ~jg Beksqgjgmro|g Ilqobi I`qobwd~wqg Ng|gdeskgm~ Sqe`qikkg *BIINS/- Im

okseq~im~ kodgr~emg pir ~jg beeqnomi~gn rwsseq~ el ~jg I`qobwd~wqg Sqe`qgrr Qgseq~ el

~jg Ilqobi Siq~mgqrjos Leqwk *ISL/ imn ~jg Rgbemn BIINS Siq~mgqrjos Sdi~leqk-

Po~j qgìqn ~e mg~peqh ng|gdeskgm~$ pg ji|g king lwq~jgq r~gsr ~epiqnr r~qi~gòb sdim+

mom imn qgrwd~r+airgn kimi`gkgm~- Ewq R~ggqom Bekko~~gg qg~qgi~ om Se`òe|iddg sqe+

|ongn ~jg airor leq gmjimbgn leqpiqn+deehom sdimmom`- ^jor pir ~ihgm ws a ~jg Sdi~leqk

gz~gqmid g|idwi~oem i~ ~jg gmn el ~jg giq- R~qi~gòb i`qggkgm~r leq 133: imn agemn

ombdwng lebwrom in|ebib ib~o|o~ogr em ~jg Ibbqi Jo`j Dg|gd Leqwk om Rgs~gkagq 133:

imn ~ihom r~ebh el ewq bwqqgm~ gmì`gkgm~r i~ bewm~q dg|gd-

Dir~ aw~ me~ dgir~$ pg ji|g ikgmngn ~jg Sdi~leqk @e|gqmimbg Bjiq~gq ~e qgldgb~ ~jg

bjimòm om~gqmi~oemid ng|gdeskgm~ i`gmni imn ~jg ombqgirgn om~gqgr~ el ewq kgkagq+

rjos om rjisom` ~jg lw~wqg el ~jg Sdi~leqk- Kgkagqrjos or mep esgm ~e lewmni~oemr imn

e~jgq mem+~qino~oemid nemeqr- I Aeiqn el idd siom kgkagqr jir aggm bqgi~gn pjodg ~jg

R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg sqe|ongr leq ni+~e+ni awromgrr ngboroemr- jg Immwid Kgg~om` i~

~jg gmn el ~jg giq aqew`j~ ewq kgkagqrjos ~e`g~jgq ~e norbwrr jep pg bim hggs i`qo+

bwd~wqg em ~jg om~gqmi~oemid ng|gdeskgm~ i`gmni- Pjodg pg non me~ bekg ~e i feom~ wmngq+

r~imnom el ~jg feom~ sqombosdgr$ pg non jepg|gq i`qgg ~ji~ ~jg Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem mggnr

ikgmnkgm~ om ewq rgb~eq- O ik deehom leqpiqn ~e rgq|om ime~jgq ~gqk ir Bjioq el ~jg

Sdi~leqk il~gq ~jg gdgb~oem om Ngbgkagq$ mep po~j ~jg mgpd gdgb~gn \obg Bjioq$ Aqoim

Aidnpom-

Bjqor~esj Hejdkggq

Sdi~leqk Bjioqkim


6/46

9- SDI^LEQK I^ I @DIMBG

Om 1333$ peqdn dgingqr i`qggn ~e lqgg ~jg peqdn lqek ~jg iafgb~ imn ngjwkimorom bemno+

~oemr el gz~qgkg se|gq~- ^jg ongm~ologn ~jg qgnwb~oem el se|gq~ imn jwm`gq ir ~jg loqr~

Koddgmmowk Ng|gdeskgm~ @eid *KN@/6 ~e jid|g$ a 1397$ ~jg sqeseq~oem el sgesdg do|om` em

dgrr ~jim i neddiq i ni imn ~jg sqeseq~oem el sgesdg pje rwllgq lqek jwm`gq- Om 1330$ po~j

emd go`j~ giqr ~e e wm~od ~jg ~iq`g~ ni~g$ ?33 koddoem omno|onwidr r~odd do|g em dgrr ~jim .9

i ni$ :97 koddoem sgesdg iqg gr~oki~gn ~e ag bjqemobidd leen+omrgbwqg imn i lwq~jgq 7+93

sgq bgm~ el ~jg seswdi~oem iqg i~ qorh lqek ibw~g leen omrgbwqo~ X9[- Ker~ el ~jgrg seeq

sgesdg ngsgmn noqgb~d eq omnoqgb~d em liqkom leq ~jgoq do|gdojeenr *om Ilqobi ~jor lo`wqg

ikewm~r ~e :3 sgq bgm~/$ pjobj wmngqsomr ~jg okseq~imbg el i`qobwd~wqg leq ng|gdeskgm~-

Om~gqmi~oemid bjiddgm`gr dog me~ emd om dol~om` ~jg seeq ew~ el se|gq~$ aw~ idre om lggnom` im

g|gq+`qepom` deaid seswdi~oem imn lo`j~om` wmngq+mewqorjkgm~ om ~jg ng|gdesom` peqdn-

Lib~eqr rwbj ir bdoki~g bjim`g$ gm|oqemkgm~id ng`qini~oem imn jo`jgq gmgq` sqobgr

sqgrgm~ inno~oemid bjiddgm`gr ~e kgg~om ~jg peqdnr leen mggnr- ê kgg~ sqefgb~gn leen

ngkimn$ bgqgid sqenwb~oem kwr~ ombqgirg a mgiqd 73 sgq bgm~ lqek 1333 ~e 1323$ imn

kgi~ sqenwb~oem a 913 sgq bgm~X1[- Ombqgirom ngkimn leq i`qobwd~wqid lggnr~ebhr imn

aoelwgdr iqg ~jqgi~gmom ~e swrj ws peqdn leen sqobgr g|gm keqg-

Ngrso~g agom ipiqg el ~jgrg lo`wqgr$ ~jg om~gqmi~oemid bemrgmrwr em jep ~e qgnwbg qwqid

se|gq~ qgkiomr lqi`kgm~gn imn qorhr liodom ~e kgg~ ~jg KN@r- Om eqngq ~e rwbbggn om

~jg lo`j~ iìomr~ se|gq~ imn bjqemob imn ibw~g leen omrgbwqo~$ nemeqr kwr~ innqgrr

ombemror~gmbogr om ng|gdeskgm~ sedobogr$ imn iddebi~g keqg qgrewqbgr ~e ombqgirg gllobogm+

b- I~ ~jg rikg ~okg$ ~jg rjewdn qgbe`morg ~ji~ epmgqrjos el ~jg ng|gdeskgm~ sqebgrr

dogr po~j siq~mgq bewm~qogr-

Ir i qgrsemrg ~e ~jgrg bjiddgm`gr$ ~jg deaid ng|gdeskgm~ ion rr~gk or wmngqèom` ro`+

molobim~ bjim`gr$ ae~j om ~gqkr el |edwkg ir pgdd ir iqbjo~gb~wqg- Em ~jg emg jimn$ ~jgqg

or `qepom `deaid bekko~kgm~ ~e kgg~om ~jg om~gqmi~oemid ng|gdeskgm~ ion ~iq`g~ el idde+

bi~om 3-0 sgq bgm~ el @MS ~e elloboid ng|gdeskgm~ irror~imbg *ENI/- I~ ~jg rikg ~okg$

~jgqg or i qgbe`morgn mggn leq siq~mgq+bewm~q epmgqrjos imn dgingqrjos$ jiqkemori~oem

imn ido`mkgm~$ imn kw~wid ibbewm~iaodo~$ ir gzsqgrrgn om ~jg Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem em Ion

Gllgb~o|gmgrr$ 1337- Ombqgirom`d$ deaid i~~gm~oem or lebwrom` em ~jg mggn ~e gr~iadorj jep

nemeqr bim beesgqi~g ~e kihg om|gr~kgm~r keqg gllgb~o|g-

^jor qi~oemidg$ imn ~jg ion gllgb~o|gmgrr i`gmni dgn a ~jg EGBNr Ng|gdeskgm~

Irror~imbg Bekko~~gg *NIB/$ siq~obwdiqd om ~jg Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem$ dgn ~e

i nemeq bemrwd~i~oem kgg~om` jgdn om Qekg om Fwmg 1331- ^jor pir

leddepgn a i lwq~jgq kgg~om om Kem~sgddogq$ Lqimbg- ^jgm$ om

Pirjom`~em$ NB om 133>$ dohg+komngn nemeqr$ ae~j sqo|i~g imn

swadob$ ombdwnom` ng|gdeskgm~ i`gmbogr imn kwd~odi~gqid eqìmo+

ri~oemr$ imn om~gqmi~oemid lomimboid omr~o~w~oemr bqgi~gn ~jg

@deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqk leq Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~-

3>

X9[

Rewqbg6 jg

Peqdn Aimh$

Peqdn

Ng|gdeskgm~

Qgseq~ 133:

X1[

LIERÎ 133


7/46

^jg Sdi~leqk or i feom~ omo~oi~o|g el ~jg om~gqmi~oemid nemeq bekkwmo~ imn ng|gdeskgm~

eqìmori~oemr- jg kgkagq eqìmori~oemr el ~jg Sdi~leqk peqh ~e`g~jgq om redoniqo~

~epiqnr ~jgoq bekkem èid6 ~e qgnwbg qwqid se|gq~ om ng|gdesom bewm~qogr ~jqew`j

ombqgirgn beesgqi~oem imn beddiaeqi~oem- Om re neom`$ g|gq Sdi~leqk kgkagq or qgìqngn

ir gywid$ oqqgrsgb~o|g el i|iodiadg qgrewqbgr$ jwkim imn lomimboid-

ê ~jor gmn$ ~jg Sdi~leqk swqrwgr o~r eafgb~o|g idem ~jqgg kiom ew~sw~r6

@ Ew~sw~ 96 In|ebiby imn ew~qgibj

^jg kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk rgq|g ir in|ebi~gr leq ~jg mggnr el ~jg qwqid seeq imn

~jg i`qobwd~wqg i`gmni$ om~gqmi~oemidd$ qgòemidd imn mi~oemidd- ^jor ombdwngr bem+

~qoaw~om ~e sedob ngai~gr imn jo`jdo`j~om ~jg qgdg|imbg el qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ imn

i`qobwd~wqg po~jom ~jg bem~gz~ el ~jg KN@r-

@ Ew~sw~ 16 Hmepdgn`g kimi`gkgm~ imn omme|i~oem

^jg kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk rggh ~e gmjimbg ~jg ywido~ imn oksib~ el qwqid ng|gd+

eskgm~ om|gr~kgm~r ~jqew`j rjiqgn dgiqmom imn ~jg qgbe`mo~oem el agr~ sqib~obgr-

^jg iok ~e ne ~jor ~jqew`j mg~peqhom`$ beddi~om imn norrgkomi~om hmepdgn`g imn

omme|i~oemr$ imn a wmngq~ihom` feom~ ~qiomom` rgrroemr$ r~wnogr$ korroemr imn sedob

aqoglom`r-

@ Ew~sw~ 26 Ion gllgb~o|gmgrr

^jg kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk beddiaeqi~g ~e qglomg ion gllgb~o|gmgrr sqombosdgr leq

i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ sqe`qikkgr- ^jqew`j ngai~gr$ ~jg i`qgg em

bekkem sqombosdgr$ pjobj iqg norrgkomi~gn imn issdogn om~gqmi~oemidd$ qgòemidd

imn mi~oemidd- ^jor issdobi~oem ombdwngr feom~ glleq~r ~e rwsseq~ mi~oemid i`qobwd~wqg

imn qwqid r~qi~gògr$ ~e jiqkemorg sqebgnwqgr imn sqib~obgr om ~jg bem~gz~ el EGBN+

NIB nemeq ido`mkgm~ glleq~r$ ~e w~odorg mi~oemid rr~gkr$ imn ~e r~qgm`~jgm ~jg oksib~

irrgrrkgm~ el r~qi~gògr imn om|gr~kgm~r-

9-9- R~qwb~wqg imn kgkagqrjos^jg Sdi~leqk mg~peqh bemror~r el 23 kgkagqr imn 0 siq~mgqr- 19 ew~ el 23 iqg irreboi~g

kgkagqr imn ? iqg lwdd kgkagqr imn leqk ~jg Aeiqn- Ibbeqnom ~e ~jg Sdi~leqkr mgp

bjiq~gq$ ~jg bgm~qid ngboroem+kihom` aen or ~jg Aeiqn- jor or jgingn a ~jg Sdi~leqk

Bjioq Bjqor~esj Hejdkggq *AKV/ imn bemror~r el ~jg Lebid Seom~r el idd lwdd kgkagqr-

Lwdd kgkagqr iqg kgkagqr bem~qoaw~om lomimboidd ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk- Ir el 1330 Ngbgk+

agq$ ~jg Aeiqn kgkagqr pgqg ~jg @gqkim Lgngqid Komor~q leq Gbemekob Beesgqi~oem

imn Ng|gdeskgm~ *AKV/$ ~jg Biminoim Om~gqmi~oemid Ng|gdeskgm~ I`gmb *BONI/$ ~jg

Ngsiq~kgm~ leq Om~gqmi~oemid Ng|gdeskgm~ el ~jg Wmo~gn Hom`nek *NLON/$ ~jg Gwqesgim

Bekkorroem Noqgb~eqi~g+@gmgqid leq Ng|gdeskgm~ *GB+N@ NG\/$ ~jg Leen imn I`qobwd~wqg

Eqìmovi~oem *LIE/ el ~jg Wmo~gn Mi~oemr$ ~jg Lqgmbj Komor~q el Leqgo`m imn Gwqesgim

Illioqr *KLI+L/$ ~jg Rporr I`gmb leq Ng|gdeskgm~ imn Beesgqi~oem *RNB/$ ~jg Wmo~gn

R~i~gr I`gmb leq Om~gqmi~oemid Beesgqi~oem *WRION/ imn ~jg Peqdn Aimh *PA/-

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8/46

^jg Aeiqn kgg~r i~ dgir~ embg i giq ~e bemrongq ~jg dem`+~gqk r~qi~g` el ~jg Sdi~leqk-

O~ issqe|gr o~r immwid awn`g~ imn ~jg immwid peqh sdim- jg ni+~e+ni rwsgq|oroem imn

`wonimbg el ~jg Sdi~leqk Rgbqg~iqoi~ or ~jg qgrsemroaodo~ el ~jg R~ggqom Bekko~~gg bem+

ror~om el ~jg Sdi~leqk \obg+Bjioq imn lo|g Aeiqn kgkagqr pje iqg gdgb~gn in sgqremik

a ~jg Aeiqn leq i ~jqgg+giq sgqoen- Om Ngbgkagq 1330 ~jg Aeiqn gdgb~gn Kwrj~iy

Ijkgn *BONI/$ Fejm Aiqqg~~ *NLON/$ Kiqb Ngaeor *GB+N@ NG\/$ Ldeqgmbg Diragmmg *KLI+

L/$ Mpimvg Ehongàg *PA/$ imn Kohg Pidgr *LIE OB/ ir RB kgkagqr-

^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ or ~jg bgm~qid kimi`gkgm~ wmo~ el ~jg Sdi~leqk imn or bwqqgm~d jer~gn a

@gqkim$ po~jom ~jg AKV om Aemm$ imn or kimi`gn a ~jg @gqkim I`gmb leq ^gbjmobid

Beesgqi~oem *@^V/-

3- Qgòemid om~g`qi~oem om Ilqobi imn o~r oksdobi~oemr leq qwqid ng|gdeskgm~

7- Ion gllgb~o|gmgrr *IG/$ jiqkemori~oem imn ido`mkgm~-

Ir be+eqìmorgq$ ~jg Sdi~leqk gmrwqgn ~ji~ ion gllgb~o|gmgrr pir ~qgi~gn ir i bqerr+bw~~om`

orrwg om idd peqhom rgrroemr imn om rgsiqi~g peqhom `qewsr- ^jg ~jqgg

Sdi~leqk+ngro`mgn simgd norbwrroemr innqgrrgn rsgbolob bjiddgm`gr om ~jg

IG i`gmni- ^jgrg ombdwngn ~jg rgb~eq+pong issqeibj om i`qobwd~wqg

imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ *IQN/$ ido`mom nemeq irror~imbg ~e mi~oemid

r~qi~gògr$ imn bwqqgm~ ~qgmnr leq no|oroem el diaewq ikem`

nemeqr- ^jg r~i`g pir idre wrgn leq bemrwd~i~oemr em ~jg sqe+

sergn sqebgrr ~epiqnr i beng el bemnwb~ leq gllgb~o|g ion

kimi`gkgm~ om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~-

^pe giqr il~gq ~jg Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem em Ion Gllgb~o|gmgrr$ g|o+

ngmbg el o~r oksib~ em ng|gdeskgm~ sqib~obg om IQN or r~odd jiqn

~e lomn- Jepg|gq$ ~jg Gwqesgim Leqwk ellgqgn rekg giqd bdwgr-

^jg g|gm~ ngkemr~qi~gn ~ji~ id~jew`j nemeqr ji|g king glleq~r ~e

kiomr~qgik IG sqombosdgr om~e rgb~eq peqh$ o~ or r~odd ~ee giqd ~e fwn`g

~jgoq oksib~ em ng|gdeskgm~ sqib~obg om IQN- Nemeq eqìmori~oemr imn

siq~mgq è|gqmkgm~r mggn keqg ~okg ~e bjim`g ~jgoq issqeibjgr lqek ~qino+

~oemid sqefgb~ oksdgkgm~i~oem ~epiqnr keqg jiqkemorgn$ bewm~q+dgn sqe`qikkgr-3:


11/46

Om ~jor qgìqn$ o~ or grrgm~oid ~e ng|gdes bdgiq omr~o~w~oemid imn omno|onwid ombgm+

~o|gr imn beqseqi~g `wongdomgr ~e libodo~i~g ~jg bjim`g lqek neom awro+

mgrr ir wrwid ~e neom awromgrr ibbeqnom ~e ~jg ion gllgb~o|gmgrr

sqombosdgr el ~jg Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem- ^jg feom~ nemeq sqombosdgr$ sqg+

rgm~gn i~ ~jg leqwk$ ngkemr~qi~g jep ~jg Sdi~leqk kgkagqr

om~gmn ~e gmjimbg ~jg gllgb~o|gmgrr el IQN sqe`qikkgr-

1-9-1- Ew~qgibj om kgkagq eqìmori~oemr

Om 1330$ ~jg Sdi~leqk jgdn omleqki~oem rgkomiqr$ jer~gn a o~r

kgkagq eqìmori~oemr$ ir i kgimr el aeer~om` qgbe`mo~oem el

~jg omo~oi~o|g imn rwsseq~om` ~jg peqh el o~r Lebid Seom~r- \oro~r

pgqg sion ~e jginywiq~gqr el ~jg @gqkim ^gbjmobid Beesgqi~oem

*@^V/$ ~jg Rpgnorj Om~gqmi~oemid Ng|gdeskgm~ I`gmb *RONI/$ ~jg

Ngsiq~kgm~ leq Om~gqmi~oemid Ng|gdeskgm~$ WH *NLON/$ ~jg Leen imn I`qobwd~wqg

Eqìmovi~oem *LIE/$ ~jg Biminoim Om~gqmi~oemid Ng|gdeskgm~ I`gmb *BONI/ imn ~jg

Meqpgòim I`gmb leq Ng|gdeskgm~ Beesgqi~oem *Meqin/-

Gibj |oro~ pir wmoywg om gmdiqòm` ~jg Sdi~leqkr esgqi~oemid logdn imn ng|gdesom` o~r

r~qi~gòb noqgb~oem lwq~jgq- Leq gziksdg$ ~jg |oro~ ~e NLON aqew`j~ ~jg Sdi~leqk om~e noi+

de`wg po~j ~jg IW Bekkorroemgq el I`qobwd~wqg imn Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~$ Qergawn

Hwqpofodi- Rjg pgdbekgn ~jg omo~oi~o|g imn gzsqgrrgn ~jg mggn leq keqg imn ag~~gq

nemeq jiqkemori~oem ~e rwsseq~ i`qobwd~wqg om Ilqobi-

Noimg \ombgm~$ ~jg Gzgbw~o|g \obg Sqgrongm~ el BONI$ om|o~gn ~jg Sdi~leqk ~e peqh ~e`g~j+

gq po~j BONI em i ~qibgq r~wn em bo|od rebog~ imn ion gllgb~o|gmgrr om IQN- ^jor r~wn

leqkr siq~ el ~jg sqgsiqi~eq sqebgrr leq ~jg Ibbqi Jo`j Dg|gd Leqwk *JDL 2/ em Ion

Gllgb~o|gmgrr$ 133:- ^jor loqr~ bem~ib~ jir èmg lwq~jgq$ po~j ~jg diwmbj el i feom~ omo~oi+

~o|g ~e ombdwng IQN bo|od rebog~ eqìmori~oemr om ~jg sqgsiqi~eq r~i`gr el Ibbqi JDL $

g|gm~widd ò|om` sqenwbgqr i |eobg i~ ~jg JDL o~rgdl *rgg 1-9-> leq ng~iodr/-

Nwqom` ~jg Ilqobi @qggm Qg|edw~oem Bemlgqgmbg jgdn om Rgs~gkagq om Erde$ Sdi~leqk

R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg kgkagq Kiqb Ngaeor imn ~jg Sdi~leqk Rgbqg~iqoi~ pgqg om|o~gn ~e

Meqinr jginywiq~gqr- ^jg g|gm~ sqe|ongn i `qgi~ esseq~wmo~ leq Meqinr mgp Lebid

Seom~$ Kobjigd Im`r~qgobj$ ~e `g~ im wsni~g em ~jg rbesg el ~jg Sdi~leqkr ib~o|o~ogr- I

rgbemn dwmbj rgkomiq pir jer~gn a ~jg Sdi~leqkr ~jgm Be+Bjioq$ Kohg Pidgr$ i~ ~jg

LIE jginywiq~gqr om Qekg- Mgiqd


12/46

@ \idwg Bjiomr leq Aqein+Airgn Ng|gdeskgm~$ Agqdom$ Ki

^jor g|gm~ pir i~~gmngn a ~jg Sdi~leqk Rgbqg~iqoi~r Remfi Aiq~gd~ imn Bjqor~esj Dim`gm+

hiks$ pje sqgrgm~gn ~jg eafgb~o|gr imn ib~o|o~ogr el ~jg @deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqk leq Qwqid

Ng|gdeskgm~- ^jg bemlgqgmbg pir eqìmorgn a ~jg @gqkim Lgngqid Komor~q leq Gbeme+

kob Beesgqi~oem imn Ng|gdeskgm~ *AKV/$ ~jg @gqkim ^gbjmobid Beesgqi~oem *@^V/$ ~jg

Rpgnorj Om~gqmi~oemid Ng|gdeskgm~ I`gmb *RONI/ imn ~jg ^gbjmobid Bgm~qg leq I`qobwd+

~wqid imn Qwqid Beesgqi~oem *BÎ/$ om eqngq ~e rjiqg dgrremr dgiqmgn em |idwg bjiomr om

ng|gdeskgm~ beesgqi~oem- O~ sqe|ongn i wrglwd esseq~wmo~ leq mg~peqhom` po~j i |ogp ~e

gmiadom ~jg Sdi~leqk ~e sqgsiqg i Je~ êsob swadobi~oem em ~jor rwafgb~- ^jg Nemeq

Bekko~~gg leq Gm~gqsqorg Ng|gdeskgm~$ i mg~peqh el aodi~gqid imn kwd~odi~gqid i`gmbogr

peqhom em sqeke~om rkidd gm~gqsqorg ng|gdeskgm~ om ng|gdesom bewm~qogr$ jir gzsqgr+

rgn om~gqgr~ om beddiaeqi~om po~j ~jg Sdi~leqk om eqngq ~e awodn em o~r pong ew~qgibj imn

gzsgqogmbg-

@ Pongmom` Kiqhg~r imn E|gqbekom` Rwssdy+rong Bemr~qiom~r leq Ilqobim I`qobwd~wqg$

Dwrihi$ Fwmg

^jg Om~gqmi~oemid Leen imn I`qobwd~wqid ^qing Sedob Bewmbod$ om siq~mgqrjos po~j ~jg

Bekkem Kiqhg~ leq Gir~gqm imn Rew~jgqm Ilqobi *BEKGRI/$ ~jg Vikaoim Komor~q el

I`qobwd~wqg$ imn ~jg WR+airgn Siq~mgqrjos ~e Bw~ Jwm`gq imn Se|gq~ om Ilqobi jer~gn im

om~gqmi~oemid rgkomiq em r~qgm`~jgmom imn pongmom kiqhg~r$ imn e|gqbekom rwssd+

rong bemr~qiom~r leq Ilqobim i`qobwd~wqg- ^jg rgkomiq bem|gmgn liqk sedob imn sqo+

|i~g+rgb~eq dgingqr$ ~qing gzsgq~r$ ibingkobr imn ~jg nemeq bekkwmo~- O~

innqgrrgn pir el oksqe|om ~jg beksg~o~o|gmgrr el Ilqobim i`qobwd~wqid kiq+

hg~r$ imn ~jg bem~omgm~r iaodo~ ~e ~qing debidd$ qgòemidd imn `deaidd-

Bjqor~esj Hejdkggq *Sdi~leqk Bjioq/ sqgrgm~gn ~jg peqh el ~jg Sdi~leqk imn

norbwrrgn serroadg siq~mgqrjos esseq~wmo~ogr- Bjqor~esjr siq~obosi~oem imn ~jg

sqgrgm~i~oem el ~jg Sdi~leqk eafgb~o|gr jgdsgn aeer~ ~jg een qgsw~i~oem el ~jg

Sdi~leqk$ innom ~e o~r issgid ir i rgqoewr siq~mgq- ^jor sero~o|gd omldwgmbgn ewq

siq~mgqrjos po~j Mgp Siq~mgqrjos leq Ilqobir Ng|gdeskgm~r *MGSIN/ Rgbqg~iqoi~ om

rwsseq~om ~jg Beksqgjgmro|g Ilqobi I`qobwd~wqg Ng|gdeskgm~ Sqe`qikkg *BIINS/-

@ Ilqobim @qggm Qg|edw~oem Bemlgqgmbg$ Erde$ Rgs~gkagq

Eqìmorgn a Meqin$ Meqlwmn$ _iqi Om~gqmi~oemid imn Qiaeaimh$ ~jor bemlgqgmbg aqew`j~

~e`g~jgq ~jg sqo|i~g imn swadob rgb~eqr ~e bi~idrg im omleqkid$ ib~oem+eqogm~gn swadobsqo+

|i~g siq~mgqrjos leq im Ilqobim `qggm qg|edw~oem- Kiqb Ngaeor el ~jg Gwqesgim Bekkor+

roem qgsqgrgm~gn ~jg Sdi~leqk ir simgddor~$ norbwrrom Pjgqg iqg pg èom qg~jomhom`

qgrewqbgr- Jor siq~obosi~oem pir siq~obwdiqd bjiddgmòm ir jg rjiqgn ~jg simgd po~j

qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr lqek ~jg Koddgmmowk \oddi`gr$ ~jg Qebhglgddgq Lewmni~oem imn ~jg sqo|i~g

rgb~eq$ idd el pjek pgqg rekgpji~ bqo~obid el ~qino~oemid nemeq issqeibjgr- Jg kim+

i`gn ~e innqgrr ion gllgb~o|gmgrr seom~r om im gzbgddgm~ imn bemr~qwb~o|g lirjoem imn ~jwr

sero~oemgn ~jg Sdi~leqk ir im omme|i~o|g imn ombdwro|g kgbjimork-

Sqoeq ~e ~jg bemlgqgmbg$ ~jg Sdi~leqk bem`qi~wdi~gn Jor Gzbgddgmb Helo Immim em jor

isseom~kgm~ ir Bjioqkim el I@QI$ ~jg Iddoimbg leq i @qggm Qg|edw~oem om Ilqobi- O~

gksjirorgn ~jg om~gqgr~ el ~jg @deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqk om awodnom` i r~qem`gq siq~mgqrjos

po~j I@QI imn bem~qoaw~om feom~d ~e im Ilqobim+dgn$ i`qobwd~wqg+airgn `qep~j imn leen93


13/46

rgbwqo~ omo~oi~o|g- ^jg bekkwmobi~oem pir pgdbekgn a Ihom Ingromi$ qgsqgrgm~i~o|g el

Helo Immimr ellobg6

I@QI qgbe`movgr imn issqgboi~gr ~jg peqh el ~jg @deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqk imn ~jg

èen sqe`qgrr king rombg ~jg 1337 Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem- O~ podd ~ihg ewq beddgb~o|g glleq~r

~e peqh ~e`g~jgq ~e dol~ jwmnqgnr el koddoemr el Ilqobimr ew~ el se|gq~ imn leen omrg+

bwqo~- Pg podd ag |gq sdgirgn ~e norbwrr po~j ew imn ~jg e~jgq nemeqr jep pg bim

ker~ gllgb~o|gd beeqnomi~g ewq glleq~r ~e jgds Ilqobi ibjog|g o~r `qggm qg|edw~oem-

@ ^jg 99~j Ilqobi Leqwk$ Rgs~gkagq$ Ibbqi$ @jimi$ Eb~eagq

^jg Ilqobi Leqwk em Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~ or i dgiqmom mg~peqh leq Ilqobim sdimmgqr imn

oksdgkgm~gqr om IQN- O~ or jgdn immwidd om im Ilqobim bewm~q imn or jer~gn a ~jg

Komor~q el I`qobwd~wqg om ~ji~ bewm~q- ^jg Leqwk or eqìmorgn a @^V$ po~j lwmnom lqek i

mwkagq el aodi~gqid imn kwd~odi~gqid nemeqr-

^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ siq~obosi~gn om ~jg 99~j Ilqobi Leqwk imn sqe|ongn omsw~r

om ~jg norbwrroemr rwqqewmnom sim+Ilqobi ng|gdeskgm~ r~qi~gògr$

rwbj ir BIINS- @o|gm ~jg okseq~imbg el ~jg leqwk om gmjimbom`

sggq dgiqmom imn qg|ogp$ ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ pir iadg ~e omo~oi~g imn

qgom|oèqi~g om~gqgr~ om gr~iadorjom leqkid domhr ag~pggm ~jg

Ilqobi Leqwk$ ~jg Mgp Siq~mgqrjos leq Ilqobir Ng|gdeskgm~

*MGSIN/$ BIINS imn ~jg Sdi~leqk-

@ ^jg \oroem 1313 bemlgqgmbg6 îhom` Ib~oem leq ~jg Peqdnr Seeq

imn Jwm`qy Sgesdg$ Agofom`$ Eb~eagq

^jg \oroem 1313 bemlgqgmbg pir eqìmorgn a ~jg Bjomgrg R~i~g Bewmbod

Dginom @qews Ellobg el Se|gq~ Iddg|oi~oem imn Ng|gdeskgm~ *D@ESIN/ imn

~jg Om~gqmi~oemid Leen Sedob Qgrgiqbj Omr~o~w~g *OLSQO/- Lewq jwmnqgn dginom om~gqmi~oem+

id imn Bjomgrg sedob kihgqr imn ~jomhgqr lqek >3 bewm~qogr *ombdwnom 17 komor~gqoid eq

|obg komor~gqoid siq~obosim~r/ i~~gmngn ~jg kgg~om`$ sqe|onom gzbgddgm~ mg~peqhom esseq+

~wmo~ogr- E|gqidd$ iaew~ 933 rbogm~olob imn sedob sqgrgm~i~oemr pgqg o|gm-

Sdi~leqk Be+Bjioq Kobjigd Pidgr$ ir pgdd ir Bjqor~oim Jgmbhgr imn Bjqor~esj Dim`gm+

hiks *Sdi~leqk Rgbqg~iqoi~/$ kg~ po~j qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr el ~jg Komor~q el I`qobwd~wqg

el ~jg Sgesdgr Qgswadob el Bjomi ~e norbwrr Bjomir ib~o|o~ogr ir i nemeq- ^jor pir

~jg omo~oid r~gs om norbwrrom` bekkem om~gqgr~r imn om|o~om` Bjomi ~e rjiqg gzsgqo+

gmbgr po~j ~jg Sdi~leqk kgkagqr-

^jg Sdi~leqkr qedg imn peqh or ombqgirom`d qgbe`morgn i~ om~gqmi~oemid dg|gd$ ir$ leq

gziksdg$ ~jg Bekkwmoyw el ~jg Gwqesgim Bekorroem 1330 ngkemr~qi~gr-

Nemeq beeqnomi~oem imn jiqkemori~oem imn ido`mkgm~ iqewmn BIINS podd ag gmjimbgn

a ~jg @deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqk leq Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~ *@NSQN/$ el pjobj ~jg GB imn |iqo+

ewr Kgkagq R~i~gr iqg kgkagqr- ^jg @NSQN podd ib~ ir nemeq lebid seom~ em BIINS$

imn podd irror~ om eqìmorom ~jg BIINS Siq~mgqrjos Sdi~leqk kgg~om`r- X2[

99

X2[

In|imbom Ilqobim

I`qobwd~wqg-Sqeserid leq

bem~omgm~id imnqgòemid dg|gd

beesgqi~oem em

i`qobwd~wqid

ng|gdeskgm~ om

Ilqobi$ BEK*1330/

>>3 lomid$

Aqwrrgdr$1>-0-1330


14/46

1-9->- Bo|od rebog~y eqìmori~oemr imn ion gllgb~o|gmgrr om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid

ng|gdeskgm~ omo~oi~o|gr

^jg okseq~im~ qedg el bo|od rebog~ eqìmori~oemr *BREr/$ ombdwnom sqenwbgq eqìmori~oemr$

or ombqgirom`d qgbe`morgn om ~jg om~gqmi~oemid ng|gdeskgm~ iqbjo~gb~wqg- Liqkgqr irrebo+

i~oemr$ pekgmr beesgqi~o|gr imn M@Er om ng|gdeskgm~ eq in|ebib iqg mep qgbe`morgn

ir |o~id ~e im rwr~iomiadg ng|gdeskgm~ glleq~- Idd ~jgrg `qewsr ngrgq|g i |eobg om ~jg ion

gllgb~o|gmgrr *IG/ ngai~g$ me~ dgir~ agbiwrg ~jg bem~qoaw~g i jw`g ikewm~ el qgrewqbgr

~e rwsseq~om` liqkgqr-

Ewq iok or ~e ò|g BREr peqhom om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ i sdibg em ~jg

Jo`j Dg|gd Leqwk *JDL/ sqebgrr$ rion Kwrj~iy Ijkgn$ sedob in|oreq i~ BONI$ i

kgkagq el ~jg Sdi~leqk R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg imn kiom dgingq el i Sdi~leqk+bekkor+

roemgn r~wn em ~jg qedg el BREr om IQN om ~jg bem~gz~ el ion gllgb~o|gmgrr-

Em ~jg nemeq rong$ ~jg in|oreq `qews em BREr om ion gllgb~o|gmgrr or dgn a BONI- Noimg

\ombgm~$ ~jg Gzgbw~o|g \obg Sqgrongm~ el BONI$ om|o~gn ~jg Sdi~leqk ~e deeh rsgbolobidd i~

~jg qedg el bo|od rebog~ eqìmori~oemr imn ion gllgb~o|gmgrr om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gd+

eskgm~- jg rwargywgm~ omo~oi~o|g pir lomimbgn a ~jg Gwqesgim Bekkorroem imn kim+

i`gn a LIE- O~ podd jgds ~e gmrwqg ~ji~ qwqid orrwgr imn BREr `g~ i |eobg i~ ~jg 2qn Jo`j

Dg|gd Leqwk *JDL 2/ em Ion Gllgb~o|gmgrr ~e ag jgdn om Rgs~gkagq 133: om Ibbqi$ @jimi-

^jg g|gm~ om Ibbqi podd ag ~jg loqr~ jo`j+dg|gd kgg~om om pjobj siq~ogr podd irrgrr

sqe`qgrr ~epiqnr jiqkemori~oem imn ido`mkgm~ rombg ~jg 1337 Jo`j+Dg|gd Leqwk imn ~jg

Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem-

^jg BONI+dgn Sdi~leqk omo~oi~o|g eqìmorgn bemrwd~i~oemr om 92 bewm~qogr$ mikgd Keqebbe$

G`s~$ Awqhomi Lire$ Kevikaoywg$ @jimi$ Kido$ Mobiqi`wi$ Sgqw$ Bikaenoi$ \og~mik$

Mgsid$ Aim`dingrj$ imn Il`jimor~im- Om @jimi imn Kido$ ~jg Sdi~leqk beesgqi~gn po~j ~jg

Mg~peqh el Liqkgqr imn I`qobwd~wqid Sqenwbgqr Eqìmori~oemr el Pgr~ Ilqobi *QESSI/$

pjobj libodo~i~gn mi~oemid bemrwd~i~oemr- jor peqh jir aggm rwkkiqorgn om i èen+sqib+

~obg rm~jgror sisgq- ^jor pir sqgrgm~gn imn norbwrrgn i~ ~jg Om~gqmi~oemid Leqwk em

Bo|od Rebog~ imn Ion Gllgb~o|gmgrr jgdn om @i~omgiw$ Bimini ag~pggm Lgaqwiq 2 imn


15/46

ng|gdeskgm~ om~gq|gm~oemr om ~jg logdn el i`qobwd~wqg- Keqg ~jim 03 agr~ sqib~obgr

pgqg ì~jgqgn lqek |iqoewr ng|gdeskgm~ eqìmori~oemr- ^jgrg iqg mep i|iodiadg em

~jg Sdi~leqk pgaro~g ir i `deaid swadob èen j~~s6%%ppp-nemeqsdi~leqk-eq %

bem~gm~%|ogp%930%971- Lwq~jgqkeqg$ ~jg Sdi~leqk iw~jeqgn ~jg rwa+bjis~gq em

Ombqgirom` ion gllgb~o|gmgrr leq i`qobwd~wqid sqe`qikr om bjis~gq 99$ @e|gqmimbg$

imn sqe|ongn i aibh`qewmn sisgq em ~jg rikg ~esob- Meqpi imn @gqkim ib~o|gd

rwsseq~gn ~jg peqh el ~jg Sdi~leqk ~jqew`j ~pe rgbemnkgm~r-

1-9-


16/46

1-1-9- Sdi~leqk sedoby aqoglr

Om 1330$ ~jg Sdi~leqk ke|gn leqpiqn em ~jg ~gm Je~ êsobr ~ji~ jin sqg|oewrd aggm

nglomgn- Sdi~leqk kgkagqr i`qggn ~e ~qimrdi~g ~jg je~ ~esobr om~e sedob aqoglr$ ~jg loqr~

~jqgg el pjobj ji|g aggm bekkorroemgn- Sedob aqoglr podd ~iq`g~ sedob sqib~o~oemgqr$ sqe+

|onom i bemborg e|gq|ogp el i ò|gm ~jgki~ob orrwg imn sqgrgm~om r~i~g+el+~jg+iq~ birg

r~wnogr imn$ pjgqg serroadg$ sqib~obid sedob es~oemr- ^jg podd qgldgb~ bekkem |ogpr$

ongm~ol kifeq rbjeedr el ~jew`j~ imn rsgbol hg sdigqr- jg sedob aqoglr iqg do|om` neb+

wkgm~r ~ji~ podd ag wsni~gn immwidd imn ser~gn em ~jg pga ir pohor-

^jg loqr~ Sdi~leqk sedob aqogl pir iw~jeqgn a OLSQO imn gm~o~dgn Komn ~jg is6 jep ~e

oksqe|g qwqidwqaim domhi`gr ~e qgnwbg se|gq~- ^jg aqogl ò|gr sedob sqib~o~oemgqr i

rjeq~ om~qenwb~oem ~e imn qgbekkgmni~oemr em jep ~e oksqe|g qwqidwqaim beesgqi~oem ~e

qgnwbg se|gq~ om i rwr~iomiadg pi-

^jg Sdi~leqkr mgz~ ~pe sedob aqoglr lebwr em ion kenido~ogr imn ~jg lw~wqg el rkiddjedngq

i`qobwd~wqg- Sedob aqoglr iqg swadorjgn i~ j~~s6%%ppp-nemeqsdi~leqk-eq po~j i ade rgb+

~oem leq bekkgm~r imn i poho rgb~oem leq emdomg gno~om`-

1-1-1- ^qibhom` qgrwd~r om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ om dgrr+~jim+ongid

bemno~oemr6 I rewqbgaeeh el omnobi~eqr leq kemo~eqom` imn g|idwi~oem

Ji|om ~jg bisibo~ ~e kgirwqg qgrwd~r imn ~e wrg ~ji~ hmepdgn`g ~e

dgiqm pji~ peqhr imn pji~ negr me~ peqh eq jep ~e kihg ~jom`r

peqh ag~~gq kihgr kemo~eqom imn g|idwi~oem *K,G/ i sepgq+

lwd ~eed leq oksqe|om ng|gdeskgm~ sqebgrrgr imn ew~bekgr- ê

kihg ~jg ker~ el K,G$ ~jg Sdi~leqk irhgn ~jg Peqdn Aimh ~e

dgin ~jg sqgsiqi~oem el im K,G rewqbgaeeh- ^jg iok pir ~e

jgds r~imniqnorg issqeibjgr imn ng|gdes i kgmw el beqg omno+

bi~eqr leq K,G el i`qobwd~wqid imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ ib~o|o~ogr-

^jg omnobi~eqr pgqg |idoni~gn i~ om+bewm~q peqhrjesr om

Bikaenoi$ Mobiqi`wi$ Mo`gqoi$ Rgmgìd$ imn îmvimoi- Wd~oki~gd$

~jg iok or ~e oksqe|g ~jg ywido~ el kemo~eqom i~ ~jg `deaid dg|gd$

~jew`j r~qgm`~jgmom kemo~eqom bisibo~ i~ i mi~oemid dg|gd kwr~

mgbgrriqod bekg loqr~-

Kemo~eqom imn g|idwi~oem or om~qomrobidd bjiddgmòm`$ imn qgywoqgr i dg|gd el ~gbjmobid

bisibo~ ~ji~ or el~gm me~ i|iodiadg om ng|gdesom bewm~qogr$ grsgboidd pjgm emg bemrongqr

~jg dgrr+~jim+es~okid bemno~oemr om pjobj kemo~eqom kwr~ ag biqqogn ew~ om ~jg seeqgr~

bewm~qogr imn om ser~+bemldob~ ro~wi~oemr- ^jg rewqbgaeeh sqe|ongr `wonimbg em jep ~e

awodn ~jg bisibo~ mggngn leq gllgb~o|g K,G om ng|gdesom` bewm~qogr- O~ idre rw``gr~r i

mwkagq el issqeibjgr leq ng~gqkomom pjobj omnobi~eqr ~e rgdgb~$ ò|gm ~jg nollgqgm~ ~sgr

el omleqki~oem ~ji~ iqg ker~ sgq~omgm~ ~e |iqoewr i`qobwd~wqid imn qwqid ib~o|o~ogr$ sqefgb~r$

imn sqe`qikkgr-

9>


17/46

Mpimvg Ehongàg$ Sdi~leqk Lebid Seom~ i~ ~jg Peqdn Aimh imn ~jg r~wn dgingq$ sqgrgm~+

gn ~jg kiom lomnom`r el ~jg qwqid omnobi~eqr r~wn i~ ~jg Sdi~leqkr Immwid Kgg~om om

Ngbgkagq om Siqor- jg gzsgb~gn ni~g el swadobi~oem or kon 133:-

1-1-2- Qwqid lebwr el se|gq~y qgnwb~oem r~qi~g`y sisgqr

I Sdi~leqk+bekkorroemgn r~wn gzsdeqgn ~jg qwqid lebwr el siq~mgq bewm~qogr se|gq+

~ qgnwb~oem r~qi~g` sisgqr *SQRSr/- Birg r~wnogr pgqg rwbbgrrlwdd beksdg~gn om

rgdgb~gn bewm~qogr *Awqhomi Lire$ G~joesoi$ Kevikaoywg$ Aedo|oi imn Bikaenoi/ om 1330-

^jg pgqg sggq+qg|ogpgn a ~jg Peqdn Aimh imn ~jg WH E|gqrgir Ng|gdeskgm~

Omr~o~w~g *ENO/ imn |idoni~gn i~ ~jg bewm~q dg|gd8 ~jor pir bemrongqgn i~ ~jg ew~rg~ ir i

bqo~obid siq~ el ~jg sqebgrr- ^jg Om~gqmi~oemid Lwmn leq I`qobwd~wqid Ng|gdeskgm~ *OLIN/

jir sqgsiqgn i beksiqi~o|g qg|ogp el ~jg lo|g bewm~q birg r~wnogr-

^jg SQRS r~wn r~iq~gn om 133< wmngq ~jg dgingqrjos el OLIN imn lebwrgr kiomd em ~jg

leddepom ywgr~oem6 Pji~ iqg ~jg qee~+biwrgr leq ~jg ongm~ologn pgihmgrrgr om SQR

sqebgrrgr$ om siq~obwdiq po~j qgìqn ~e ~jg doko~gn siq~obosi~oem el qwqid r~ihgjedngqr5 I

`qews el gzsgq~r lqek ENO$ @^V$ Meqin imn OLSQO or peqhom` em ~jg rm~jgror el ~jgrg

r~wnogr pjobj podd bekg ew~ om ~jg loqr~ jidl 133:- Lomidori~oem el ~jg lwdd sibhi`g$ ombdwn+

om` ~jg bewm~q qgseq~r imn rm~jgror$ or gzsgb~gn om Isqod 133:-

1-1->- Hmepdgn`g kimi`gkgm~

Om inno~oem ~e leqkid r~wnogr$ pjobj ~jg Sdi~leqk bekkorroemgn$ ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ jir omo~o+

i~gn imn biqqogn ew~ |onge+dgiqmom g|gm~r imn bqerr+bewm~q gzbjim`gr em ngkimn-

^jgrg g|gm~r jgdsgn ~jg qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr el siq~mgq bewm~qogr agmglo~ lqek ~jg Sdi~leqkr

gzsgqogmbgr oksdgkgm~om`$ sqe`qikkg+airgn issqeibjgr *SAIr/ imn rgb~eq+pong

issqeibjgr *RPIsr/$ ikem e~jgqr- Leq gziksdg$ ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ beeqnomi~gn om Kiqbj i

|onge+dgiqmom g|gm~ domhom qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr el ~jg Komor~q el I`qobwd~wqg om

Awqhomi Lire imn Bikaenoi po~j ~jg Sdi~leqkr mi~oemid imn om~gqmi~oem+

id libodo~i~eqr- Ime~jgq rwbbgrrlwd bqerr+bewm~q gzbjim`g ~eeh

sdibg ag~pggm Jemnwqir imn Mobiqi`wi- Siq~obosim~r lqek

Jemnwqir pgqg om|o~gn ~e i feom~ SQEQWQID korroem om

Mobiqi`wi ~e dgiqm iaew~ ~jg oksdgkgm~i~oem el i RPIs-

1330 pir i rwbbgrrlwd giq leq norrgkomi~om hg nebw+

kgm~r ikem` ~jg Sdi~leqk kgkagqr- I diq`g mwkagq el

jo`j ywido~ nebwkgm~r omleqkgn ewq kgkagqr iaew~ ~jg

r~wnogr imn ~jg om~gqgr~om lomnom`r el e~jgq eqìmori~oemr$

~jwr qgnwbom ~jg nwsdobi~oem el glleq~r imn bem~qoaw~om ~e

rmgq` gllgb~r-

97


18/46

1-2- Ion gllgb~o|gmgrr

Om 1330$ ~jg Sdi~leqk pongmgn o~r rbesg el ib~o|o~ogr lqek om+bewm~q libodo~i~oem ~e peqh em

qglomom ion gllgb~o|gmgrr sqombosdgr leq ~jg i`qobwd~wqid rgb~eq ir im omsw~ ~e ~jg Ibbqi

JDL imn ~e di ~jg airor leq lwq~jgq Sdi~leqk omo~oi~o|gr- O~r peqh ombdwngn ~iq`g~gn imid+

rgr imn i beksodi~oem el dgrremr dgiqmgn$ rwbj ir ~jg beqmgqr~emgr$ iokom` ~e rwsseq~

mi~oemid glleq~r leq `qgi~gq jiqkemori~oem imn ido`mkgm~$ imn ~jg loqr~

diwmbj el ~jg feom~ sqombosdgr-

1-2-9- Sdi~leqk imidyror el ion gllgb~o|gmgrr sqombosdgr om IQN

Om 1337$ nemeq mi~oemr bekko~~gn ~e ~jg Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem$

iokgn i~ oksqe|om ~jg gllgb~o|gmgrr el ion ~jqew`j ~jg sqombo+

sdgr el epmgqrjos$ ido`mkgm~$ jiqkemori~oem$ kimiòm` leq

qgrwd~r$ imn kw~wid ibbewm~iaodo~- ^jgrg sqombosdgr el ~jg Siqor

Ngbdiqi~oem mggn ~e ag issdogn imn inis~gn ~e ~jg bjiqib~gqor+

~obr el gibj rgb~eq- Pjodg om e~jgq rgb~eqr dohg jgid~j imn gnwbi+

~oem$ ~jg issdobi~oem el ~jg `gmgqid sqombosdgr el ~jg Siqor

Ngbdiqi~oem jir peqhgn pgdd$ ~jg qwqid rgb~eq jir sqe|gm ~e ag dgrr

qgrsemro|g- Jepg|gq$ IQNr bqwboid qedg om se|gq~ qgnwb~oem imn o~r

okseq~imbg leq kim ng|gdesom bewm~q gbemekogr wmngqdomgr o~r qgdg|imbg om ~jg

ng|gdeskgm~ r~qi~gògr el ker~ siq~mgq bewm~qogr-

^jg lewq+si`g swadobi~oem Beqmgqr~emgr leq gllgb~o|g i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~

sqe`qikkgr wmngq i sqe`qikkg+airgn issqeibj *SAI/ pir ~jg loqr~ glleq~ ~e rwk+

kiqorg ~jg dgrremr ngqo|gn lqek sqib~obid gzsgqogmbg om ~jg sqgsiqi~oem imn oksdgkgm~i+

~oem el SAIr om IQN- jor pgdd+r~qwb~wqgn aqogl siksjdg~ podd rgq|g ir i sqib~obid ~eed om

libodo~i~om ~jg ~qimro~oem lqek nemeq sqefgb~ ion ~e jiqkemorgn imn è|gqmkgm~+dgn

issqeibjgr leddepom EGBN+NIB `wongdomgr leq ion gllgb~o|gmgrr-

Airgn em ~jor swadobi~oem imn o~r |idwiadg gzsgqogmbgr lqek om+bewm~q libodo~i~oem$ ~jg

Sdi~leqk sqenwbgn Feom~ sqombosdgr leq gmjimbom ion gllgb~o|gmgrr om i`qobwd~wqg imn

qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ sqe`qikkgr- ^jg loqr~ nqil~ el ~jor swadobi~oem pir diwmbjgn i~ ~jg

Gwqesgim Leqwk em Rwr~iomiadg Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~$ jgdn om Agqdom om 1330- ^jg sqombosdgr

biso~idorg em dgrremr dgiqmgn lqek ~jg Sdi~leqkr om~gq|gm~oemr imn rwsseq~ i~ bewm~q

imn jginywiq~gqr dg|gd e|gq ~jg dir~ lewq giqr- ^jg iok ~e irrgrr ~jg airob bemno~oemr

leq rwbbgrrlwd imn gllgb~o|g IQN sqe`qikkgr imn ~e ~qimrdi~g ~jgrg om~e sqib~obid esgqi+

~oemid wongdomgr leq ~jg r~ill el lwmnom` eqìmori~oemrX>[-

Kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk agdog|g ~ji~ injgqgmbg ~e ~jg feom~ sqombosdgr leq ion gllgb~o|g+

mgrr om IQN podd jgds nemeqr imn siq~mgqr idohg ~e ibjog|g oksqe|gn nemeq beeqnomi~oem$

ler~gqom keqg gllgb~o|g ew~sw~r lqek IQN sqe`qikkgr$ po~j ~jg wd~oki~g eafgb~o|g el

qgnwbom qwqid se|gq~- Im om~gq+omr~o~w~oemid ~irh leqbg jir rombg aggm bjiq`gn ~e lwq~jgq

ng|gdes imn qglomg ~jg sqombosdgr$ pjobj podd dgin ~e i nemeqr beng el bemnwb~ *BeB/-

^jg BeB ~irh leqbg$ beksergn el jginywiq~gqr imn logdn bewm~q qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr$ sqgrgm~+

gn ~jg bembgs~ el ~jg BeB imn o~r sqgsiqi~oem sqebgrr i~ ~jg Sdi~leqk Immwid Kgg~om om9[

Rgg aibh`qewmn

ki~gqoid6

Hejdkgygq%Jiq|gy Oksqe|gn

nemeq beeqnomi+

~oem leq qwqid

ng|gdeskgm~

133>


19/46

90

Siqor$ em Ngbgkagq 91~j imn 92~j- I~ ~jor kgg~om`$ ~jg Sdi~leqk ngbongn ~e bem~omwg ~jg

sqebgrr el leqkwdi~om feom~ sqombosdgr pgdd om~e 133:- ^jor podd biso~idorg em ~jg emèom`

rm~jgror el Sdi~leqk r~wnogr imn gzsgqogmbgr imn gmiadgr ~jg kissom` el ~jgrg sqombo+

sdgr iìomr~ ~jg 91 omnobi~eqr el ~jg Siqor Ngbdiqi~oem- ^jg feom~ sqombosdgr podd ag keqg

IQN+rsgbolob imn podd ag airgn em ~jg aqein omr~o~w~oemid gzsgqogmbgr el

Sdi~leqk kgkagqr-

Om inno~oem$ ~jg Sdi~leqk jir r~qgm`~jgmgn o~r bem~ib~ po~j ~jg ion

gllgb~o|gmgrr *IG/ wmo~r el kgkagq eqìmori~oemr$ g-`- po~j NLONr

ion gllgb~o|gmgrr ~gik om Isqod$ oksqe|om o~r imid~obid beksg~gmbg

em je~d ngai~gn IG orrwgr- Om noide`wg po~j IG gzsgq~r$ ~jg

Sdi~leqk ongm~ologn iqgir pjgqg o~ bim sqe|ong inngn |idwg imn

rwsseq~ o~r kgkagqr om ~qimrdi~om` ~jg IG i`gmni om~e sqib~obg om

~jg IQN rgb~eq-

1-2-1- Leqkwdi~om` imn oksdgkgm~om` rgb~eq+pong issqeibjgr om

i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~

Rgb~eq+pong issqeibjgr *RPIsr/ ji|g aggm im okseq~im~ siq~ el ~jg deaid glleq~ ~e

ngdo|gq rwr~iomiadg ng|gdeskgm~ qgrwd~r leq keqg ~jim i ngbing- Jepg|gq$ ~jg iqg r~odd

qgdi~o|gd mgp om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~- I Sdi~leqk+bekkorroemgn r~wn jir

~eeh i loqr~ deeh i~ rekg el ~jg pir om pjobj RPIsr imn RPIs+~sg issqeibjgr iqg

g|ed|om om IQN-

^jg r~wn ombdwngr birg r~wnogr lqek rg|gm bewm~qogr$ po~j om+ngs~j omleqki~oem i|iodiadg

leq ~jqgg el ~jgk6 Kevikaoywg$ îmvimoi imn Mobiqi`wi- ^jg r~wn irrgrrgr ~jg gz~gm~ ~e

pjobj rgb~eq issqeibjgr iqg ibjog|om ~jgoq iokr- O~ imidrgr om~gmngn ~qifgb~eqogr el

bjim`g imn omnobi~gr hg dgrremr leq ~jg mgz~ sjirg- Sdi~leqk kgkagqr ji|g rjiqgn

~jgoq omr~o~w~oemid gzsgqogmbg el RPIsr om IQN imn bekkgm~gn em ~jg qgseq~r qgrwd~r

imn qgbekkgmni~oemr- ^jg bekkgm~r rjep ~ji~ ~jgqg or r~odd me bdgiq bemrgmrwr em ~jg

|oroem el RPIsr om IQN- jgrg bekkgm~r$ ~e`g~jgq po~j ~jg lomnom`r el ~jg r~wn$ sqe|ong

~jg airor leq lwq~jgq Sdi~leqk+libodo~i~gn norbwrroemr ikem` nemeqr imn siq~mgq e|gqm+

kgm~r em jep ~e sdim$ oksdgkgm~ imn kemo~eq RPIsr om IQN- ^jg qgbekkgmni~oemr podd

idre lggn om~e ~jg feom~ sqombosdgr leq gmjimbom ion gllgb~o|gmgrr om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid

ng|gdeskgm~ sqe`qikkgr-

^jg RPIs rm~jgror r~wn pir swadorjgn om Ngbgkagq 1330 imn or idre i|iodiadg om

Lqgmbj imn Rsimorj- ^jg ~jqgg bewm~q r~wnogr pgqg idre lomidorgn imn swadorjgn om

Gm`dorj$ leq Kevikaoywg imn îmvimoi$ imn Rsimorj leq Mobiqi`wi$ po~j im gzgbw~o|g

rwkkiq om Gm`dorj-


20/46

1-2-2- Bewm~qy ib~o|o~ogr

^jqew`j o~r libodo~i~oem rgq|obg imn ~gbjmobid in|obg$ ~jg Sdi~leqk jir bem~omwgn ~e sqe|ong

rwsseq~ leq mi~oemid glleq~r ~epiqnr `qgi~gq jiqkemori~oem$ ido`mkgm~ imn beddiaeqi~oem-

Nwqom` ~jg R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg kgg~om` om O~id$ om Rgs~gkagq$ ~jg ngboroem pir ~ihgm ~e

kgimom`lwdd gmn ~jg om+bewm~q libodo~i~oem rgq|obg imn jiq|gr~ ~jg gzsgqogmbgr ~e+ni~g-

@ Om Bikaenoi6 I mi~oemid libodo~i~eq feomgn ~jg Sdi~leqk ~gik om Ngbgkagq

133


21/46

@ Om Awqhomi Lire6 Ng|gdeskgm~ siq~mgqr om ~jg i`qobwd~wqid rgb~eq ji|g qgbgo|gn

^qiom>Ng| ~qiomom em RPIsr om i`qobwd~wqg- I~ ~jg rikg ~okg$ ~jg ji|g ng|gdesgn i

beksqgjgmro|g qein kis leq sqgsiqom i sdimmgn i`qobwd~wqid RPIs- Om Kiqbj$ ~jg

Sdi~leqk jgdn i |onge bemlgqgmbg ag~pggm ~jg Awqhomiag imn Bikaenoim ng|gdeskgm~

siq~mgqr- ^jor libodo~i~gn ~jg gzbjim`g el dgrremr dgiqmgn imn jgdsgn ongm~ol lwq~jgq bed+

diaeqi~o|g ib~o|o~ogr ag~pggm ~jg Sdi~leqk imn ~jg Awqhomi Lire ng|gdeskgm~ siq~mgqr-

@ Om imvimoi6 Ng|gdeskgm~ siq~mgqr om|ed|gn om ~jg I`qobwd~wqid Rgb~eq Ng|gdeskgm~

Sqe`qikkg *IRNS/ siq~obosi~gn om emg el ~jg bewm~q birg r~wnogr leq ~jg @deaid imidror

el RPIsr om IQN$ bekkorroemgn a ~jg Sdi~leqk imn bemnwb~gn a ENO-

@ Om \og~mik6 ê gzsdeqg ~jg ywgr~oem Ne siq~mgqrjosr bem~qoaw~g gllgb~o|gd ~epiqnr ion

gllgb~o|gmgrr imn issdobi~oem el rgb~eq+pong issqeibjgr om IQN om \og~mik5$ ~jg

Sdi~leqk jir r~iq~gn kemo~eqom beeqnomi~oem kgbjimorkr om ~jg qwqid rgb~eq po~j ~jg

Komor~q el I`qobwd~wqg imn Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~- ^jor or agom nemg om bderg beesgqi~oem

po~j ~jg Om~gqmi~oemid Rwsseq~ @qews *OR@/ el KIQN imn RONI-

Rgb~eq+pong beeqnomi~oem kgbjimorkr imn issqeibjgr om KIQN iqg i~ im giqd r~i`g-

^jgoq om~qenwb~oem agmglo~r lqek ~jg gzsgqogmbg el lo|g Komor~q+pong imn rwa+rgb~eq dg|gd

siq~mgqrjos omo~oi~o|gr$ imn sode~gn kwd~o+nemeq rwsseq~ ~e i rwa+rgb~eq sqe`qikkg kim+

i`gn a ~jg beqg @e|gqmkgm~ el \og~mik- Om inno~oem$ rwsseq~ r~qwb~wqgr leq Komor~q+dg|gd

ion kimi`gkgm~ ji|g qgbgm~d aggm gr~iadorjgn- \iqoewr mgp siq~mgqrjos$ mg~peqhom`

imn r~qi~g` omo~oi~o|gr iqg idre agom` bem~gksdi~gn- jgrg ombdwng$ me~iad$ ~jg leqkwdi+

~oem el i beksqgjgmro|g \og~mik Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~ R~qi~g`-

^jg Sdi~leqk r~wn iokr ~e bemredoni~g KIQNr rgb~eq omo~oi~o|gr ~jqew`j imidror el

gzsgqogmbgr$ beksodi~oem el hg dgrremr dgiqmgn$ imn rm~jgror el qgdi~gn sedob imn esgq+

i~oemid oksdobi~oemr- ^jor$ om ~wqm$ podd bem~qoaw~g ~e gzsdeqom es~oemr leq gllgb~o|g ENI

kimi`gkgm~$ rgb~eq beeqnomi~oem kgbjimorkr imn RPIsr om ~jg bem~gz~ el ~jg wsbekom`

\og~mik Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~ R~qi~g`-

^jor gzgqborg ~jwr iokr ~e irror~ KIQN imn o~r siq~mgqr om ~jgoq glleq~r ~e oksdgkgm~ ~jg

Jimeo Beqg R~i~gkgm~ em ion gllgb~o|gmgrr$ jiqkemori~oem imn ido`mkgm~ om ~jg bem~gz~ el

~jg IQN rgb~eq- A gmìòm om ~jor gzgqborg$ ~jg Sdi~leqk lwq~jgqkeqg bem~qoaw~gr ~e nor+

rgkomi~om ~jg \og~mik gzsgqogmbg ~e i `deaid iwnogmbg- ^jg qgrwd~r el ~jg gzgqborg

pgqg sqgrgm~gn imn norbwrrgn nwqom ~jg Sdi~leqk Immwid Kgg~om om Siqor- ^jg gzsgb~gn

ni~g el ~jg swadobi~oem podd ag om rwkkgq 133:-

9?


22/46

1-2->- Beddiaeqi~oem po~j qgòemid mg~peqhr

Om Isqod 1330$ ~jg Sdi~leqk imn ~jg Qgòemid Wmo~ leq ^gbjmobid Irror~imbg om Bgm~qid

Ikgqobi *QWÎ/ ro`mgn i Kgkeqimnwk el Wmngqr~imnom em beddiaeqi~o|g glleq~r- ^jg

kiom eafgb~o|gr pgqg ~e6

9- Rbidg ws ~jg Sdi~leqkr libodo~i~oem rgq|obg ~jqew`j QWÎr ~gbjmobid bewm~qy wmo~r

1- Aqom` ~jg Bgm~qid Ikgqobim sgqrsgb~o|g om~e deaid Sdi~leqk ngai~gr

2- Biso~idorg em QWÎr rwbbgrrlwd gzsgqogmbg ir i qgòemid omo~oi~o|g-

1-2-7- Rwsseq~ ~e ~jg Beksqgjgmro|g Ilqobi I`qobwd~wqg Ng|gdeskgm~ Sqe`qikkg

*BIINS/

^jqew`jew~ ~jg giq$ ~jg Sdi~leqk om~gmrologn o~r rwsseq~ ~e nemeq beeqnomi~oem om ~jg

BIINS- ê aibh ~jor rwsseq~$ _ojgmgp Vgpnog r~iq~gn jor peqh ir i BIINS ~irh

dgingq i~ ~jg Sdi~leqk Rgbqg~iqoi~-

^jg Sdi~leqk gmbewqi`gn i qim`g el eqìmori~oemr ~e lggn ni~i om~e ~jg immwid

qgseq~ em i`qobwd~wqg leq ~jg ?~j Ilqobim Siq~mgqrjos Leqwk *ISL/ om Idògqr$

Me|gkagq 1330- Om Iw`wr~ 1330$ ~jg Sdi~leqk qiddogn i kgg~om` po~j EGBN ISL

Rwsseq~ Wmo~ kgkagqr imn |iqoewr r~ihgjedngqr6 IWB$ MGSIN$ ~jg dgin omr~o~w+

~oemr leq BIINSr Soddiqr O$ OO$ OO imn O\$ BEKGRI$ GB$ WRION$ Meqin$ NLON imn RONI-

Ir i qgrwd~$ ni~i lqek sqe`qikkgr imn omo~oi~o|gr mgpd bqgi~gn ~e rwsseq~ BIINS pgqg

ombdwngn om ~jg irrgrrkgm~ rgb~oem el ~jg qgseq~-

^jg BIINS Siq~mgqrjos Sdi~leqk *BIINS+SS/ pir omr~o~w~gn ir i kgimr el gmrwqom`

gllgb~o|g kemo~eqom el ~jg e|gqidd sqe`qgrr el BIINS- ^jg rgbemn BIINS+SS kgg~om`

~eeh sdibg om Innor Iaiai$ G~joesoi em 10~j imn 1:~j Rgs~gkagq 1330- ^jg Sdi~leqk sqe+

|ongn omo~oid rwsseq~ om ~jg sqgsiqi~oem el ~jg ~gqkr el qglgqgmbg leq ~jg BIINS+SS imn

libodo~i~gn ~jg gmì`gkgm~ el ng|gdeskgm~ siq~mgq qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr-

^jg kifeq lebwr el ~jg Sdi~leqkr peqh om 1330$ jepg|gq$ pir ~e libodo~i~g ~jg gzbjim`g el

omleqki~oem ag~pggm Ilqobim siq~mgq omr~o~w~oemr imn Sdi~leqk kgkagqr- ^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~

gmrwqgn ~ji~ sqe`qgrr qgseq~r a MGSIN$ Qgòemid Gbemekob Bekkwmo~ogr imn dginom`

omr~o~w~oemr pgqg nwd bekkwmobi~gn ~e Sdi~leqk kgkagqr imn e~jgq wrgqr el ~jg

Sdi~leqk pgaro~g- Om inno~oem$ g|gm~r el kw~wid om~gqgr~ ~e ae~j Sdi~leqk kgkagqr imn

Ilqobim omr~o~w~oemr ji|g aggm ser~gn em ~jg Sdi~leqk pgaro~g imn qg`wdiq ~gdgsjemg bem+

lgqgmbgr pgqg jgdn-

13


23/46

2- KIMI@GKGM^ IMN @E\GQMIMBG

2-9- @e|gqmimbg bjiq~gq

I mgp bjiq~gq jir dion ~jg `qewmnpeqh leq i mgpd gkgq`gn Aeiqn imn iddepr lewmni+

~oemr ~e agbekg kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk- ^jg bjiq~gq r~oswdi~gr om `qgi~gq ng~iod ~jg

qedgr imn lwmb~oemr el ~jg Lebid Seom~r imn Sdi~leqkr sqebgnwqgr leq rsgbolob ib~o|o~ogr

*rgg Immgz N/-

2-9-9- ^jg Aeiqn

^jg Aeiqn or ~jg bgm~qid ngboroem+kihom aen el ~jg Sdi~leqk imn bemror~r el ~jg Lebid

Seom~r el idd lwdd kgkagqr- jg qgrsemroaodo~ogr el ~jg Aeiqn ombdwng mekomi~om` ~jg

Sdi~leqk Bjioq imn \obg+Bjioq imn ~jg kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg-

Kiom lwmb~oem el ~jg Aeiqn or ~e bemrongq ~jg dem`+~gqk esgqi~oemid r~qi~g` el ~jg

Sdi~leqk$ ~e issqe|g ~jg Sdi~leqk immwid awn`g~ imn peqh sdim$ ir pgdd ir ~e i`qgg wsem

mgp Sdi~leqk siq~mgqrjosr imn ~jgoq kenido~ogr-

2-1- R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg kgg~om`r

^jg Sdi~leqk R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg *RB/$ beksergn el ~jg Sdi~leqk

\obg+Bjioq imn lo|g Aeiqn kgkagqr$ kg~ qg`wdiqd |oi |onge bemlgq+

gmbg ~e ~ihg lir~ imn omleqkgn ngboroemr em ~jg in jeb ib~o|o~ogr el

~jg Sdi~leqk- jg kem~jd kgg~om`r gmiadgn kgkagqr el ~jg RB

imn ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ ~e norbwrr imn qgib~ ywobhd ~e wsbekom`

bjiddgm`gr imn esseq~wmo~ogr-

Om inno~oem$ ~jg RB kg~ om Rgs~gkagq om Se`òe|iddg$ O~id$ ~e nor+

bwrr pjg~jgq ~jg Sdi~leqk or rwllobogm~d r~qi~gòbidd sero~oemgn

imn eqìmorgn ~e qgrsemn gllgb~o|gd ~e mgp bjiddgm`gr imn ~jg

ywobhd bjimòm ng|gdeskgm~ gm|oqemkgm~- Norbwrroem bgm~qgn em ~jg

|idwg inngn a Sdi~leqk bem~qoaw~oemr ~e ombqgirom imn keqg gllgb~o|g

om|gr~kgm~r om IQN- ^jg RB imn ~jg Lebid Seom~r lqek ~jg Om~gqmi~oemid Lwmn

leq I`qobwd~wqid Ng|gdeskgm~ *OLIN/ imn ~jg Rporr I`gmb leq Ng|gdeskgm~ imn

Beesgqi~oem *RNB/$ ~e`g~jgq po~j ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ r~ill$ gzikomgn ~jg sqe`qgrr king nwq+

om ~jg dir~ giqr imn qgldgb~gn em ~jg lw~wqg lebwr el ~jor `qepom omo~oi~o|g- ^jgqg pir

r~qem` bemrgmrwr ~ji~ ~jg Sdi~leqk rjewdn rgovg ~jg esseq~wmo~ogr sqe|ongn a qorom`

om|gr~kgm~r om i`qobwd~wqg$ ib~o|gd rggh mgp siq~mgqrjosr$ imn sero~oem o~rgdl i~ ~jg om~gq+

libg ag~pggm ~jg leqkwdi~oem el IQN ng|gdeskgm~ sedob imn o~r oksdgkgm~i~oem- Emg el

~jg bjiddgm`gr ongm~ologn pir jep ~e keqg ib~o|gd om|ed|g ~jg Sdi~leqk Lebid Seom~r pje

iqg me~ kgkagqr el ~jg RB om Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr- Kwbj ~okg pir idre ng|e~gn ~e ~jg qg|o+

roem el ~jg Sdi~leqk bjiq~gq-

^jg Aeiqn el ~jg @deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqk leq Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~$ ~jg mg~peqhr mgp bgm~qid

ngboroem+kihom aen$ jin o~r loqr~ kgg~om om Siqor om Ngbgkagq- ^jg Sdi~leqk Aeiqn

beksqorgr idd lwdd kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk imn ngbongr em ~jg awn`g~ imn immwid peqh19


24/46

sdim- I~ o~r loqr~ kgg~om`$ o~ gdgb~gn ~jg lo|g R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg kgkagqr imn Sdi~leqk

bjioqr6 Bjqor~esj Hejdkggq *AKV/ mep rgq|gr ir Bjioq el ~jg Aeiqn pjodg Kobjigd Pidgr

*LIE/ ~eeh e|gq ir \obg+Bjioq el ~jg Aeiqn imn Bjioq el ~jg R~ggqom Bekko~~gg- Kwrj~iy

Ijkgn *BONI/$ Fejm Aiqqg~~ *NLON/$ Kiqb Ngaeor *GB+N@ NG\/$ Ldeqgmbg Diragmmgr

*Leqgo`m Komor~q el Lqimbg/$ imn Mpimvg Ehongàg *Peqdn Aimh/ pgqg gdgb~gn ir RB

kgkagqr-

2-2- Immwid kgg~om`

^jg 1330 Immwid @gmgqid Kgg~om el ~jg Sdi~leqk ~eeh sdibg om Siqor$ Lqimbg$ em Ngbgk+

agq 91~j imn 92~j imn pir jer~gn a ~jg Komor~q el Leqgo`m imn Gwqesgim Illioqr- ^jg

kgg~om pir pgdd i~~gmngn a rgmoeq qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr lqek kgkagq imn irreboi~g kgk+

agq eqìmori~oemr *ae~j aodi~gqid imn kwd~odi~gqid/- Idre$ gz~gqmid eargq|gqr siq~obo+

si~gn po~j `qgi~ om~gqgr~ om ~jg norbwrroemr- ^jg ew~bekgr el ~jg kgg~om`

bemloqk ~ji~$ ir ~jg Sdi~leqk ègr lqek r~qgm`~j ~e r~qgm`~j$ ìomom`

gmeqkewr gzsgqogmbg idem ~jg pi$ o~ jir im okseq~im~ qedg ~e sdi om

~ibhdom qwqid se|gq~-

^jg kgg~om awod~ em imn nqgp `qgi~d lqek ~jg Peqdn Ng|gdeskgm~

Qgseq~ *PNQ/ 133:$ pjobj bem~gmnr ~ji~ i`qobwd~wqg or aibh em ~jg

i`gmni om ~gqkr el `qgi~gq om|gr~kgm~ imn ion- Po~j qgmgpgn

om~gqgr~ om IQN$ ~jg ~okg or qo`j~ leq ~jg Sdi~leqk ~e r~qgm`~jgm o~r

lebwr em ion gllgb~o|gmgrr om ~jg rgb~eq- ^jg Sdi~leqk bim awodn em ~jg

kekgm~wk iomgn a ~jg PNQ qeinkis a r~qgm`~jgmom` o~r in|e+

bib imn ew~qgibj ib~o|o~ogr ir pgdd ir jiq|gr~om o~r gzsgqogmbgr

*~jqew`j$ leq gziksdg$ bewm~q domhi`gr imn om+bewm~q imn feom~ r~wnogr/ ~e

rjiqg po~j nemeqr$ siq~mgqr imn e~jgqr-

G|ed|om iddoimbgr po~j gkgqòm sdigqr om ~jg logdn el IQN pir ime~jgq hg ~esob el ~jg

kgg~om`- Qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr lqek lewmni~oemr$ siq~mgq bewm~qogr imn bo|od rebog~ sqgrgm~gn

~jgoq issqeibjgr imn gzsqgrrgn ~jgoq |ogpr po~j qgrsgb~ ~e serroadg siq~mgqrjosr po~j ~jg

Sdi~leqk- Sdi~leqk gmì`gkgm~ om BIINS imn om+bewm~q sqebgrrgr gdrgpjgqg or `qgi~d

|idwgn- BIINS oksdgkgm~i~oem or gzsgb~gn ~e ag ibbgdgqi~gn om 133:8 jo`jdo`j~om ~jg

mggn leq rwr~iomgn rwsseq~ a ~jg Sdi~leqk imn e~jgqr-

^jg rgbemn ni el ~jg kgg~om` pir ng|e~gn ~e lwq~jgq qglomgkgm~ el ~jg feom~ sqombosdgr

leq ion gllgb~o|gmgrr om IQN imn ~jgoq issdobi~oem-

2->- Sdi~leqk G|idwi~oem

^jqgg giqr il~gq o~r bqgi~oem$ ~jg Sdi~leqk bekkorroemgn im omngsgmngm~ g|idwi~oem a

im gz~gqmid `qews- Wmo|gqridoi$ i Bimini+airgn beksim$ pem ~jg aonnom sqebgrr- ^jg

e|gqiqbjom eafgb~o|g el ~jg g|idwi~oem or ~e sqe|ong ~jg R~ggqom Bekko~~gg imn Sdi~leqk

kgkagqr po~j i qgiremgn imn imid~obid irrgrrkgm~ el ~jg oksdgkgm~i~oem el ~jg

Sdi~leqk- ^jor podd sqe|ong i airor leq omleqkgn ngboroem+kihom ~e `wong ~jg lw~wqg ng|gd+

eskgm~ el ~jg Sdi~leqk-11


25/46

^jg rsgbolob eafgb~o|gr el ~jg g|idwi~oem iqg ~e irrgrr6 o/ ~jg Sdi~leqkr bem~omwgn qgdg+

|imbg ~e o~r hg r~ihgjedngqr imn po~jom ~jg om~gqmi~oemid ng|gdeskgm~ bekkwmo~8 oo/ ~jg

inngn |idwg ~jg Sdi~leqk jir aqew`j~ o~r kgkagqr imn ~iq`g~ qewsr rombg o~r bqgi~oem ir

pgdd ir gllgb~o|gmgrr el ~jg Sdi~leqk ir i mg~peqh om biqqom ew~ o~r korroem$ imn om qgidor+

om sdimmgn eafgb~o|gr imn qgrwd~r8 imn ooo/ ~jg gllobogmb imn gllgb~o|gmgrr el ~jg Sdi~leqkr

mg~peqhr$ sqebgrrgr imn om~gqmid bisibo~ogr om biqqom ew~ o~r korroem- jg g|idwi~oem podd

ag leqki~o|g imn leqpiqn+deehom`$ siom siq~obwdiq i~~gm~oem ~e ongm~olom dgrremr lqek ~jg

sir~ om eqngq ~e omleqk lw~wqg ib~oem- Sqoeq ~e ~jg r~iq~ el ~jg g|idwi~oem om Fimwiq 133:$ ~jg

g|idwi~oem ~gik dgingq siq~obosi~gn om ~jg Sdi~leqk Immwid Kgg~om om Ngbgkagq om Siqor-

2-7- Om~gqmid qg|ogp ~e oksqe|g `gmngq kiomr~qgikomòm Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr

Iaew~ 9-2 aoddoem sgesdg ngsgmn em rkiddjedngq i`qobwd~wqg- Imn$ o~ or gr~oki~gn ~ji~

~jg kifeqo~ el rkidd+rbidg liqkgqr iqg pekgm- Aw~ ngrso~g ~jg okseq~im~ qedg

pekgm sdi ir liqkgqr$ ~jg epm emd i ~om lib~oem el idd ~o~dgn dimn peqdnpong-

Rwr~iomiadg i`qobwd~wqid ng|gdeskgm~$ ~jg hg ~e dol~om sgesdg ew~ el se|gq~$

kwr~ ag bemrboewrd rwsseq~gn po~j rsgbolob gmngq sedobogr-

Leq ~jor qgirem$ ~jg Sdi~leqk bekkorroemgn im om~gqmid irrgrrkgm~ ~e rjiqsgm

o~r issqeibj om sqeke~om `gmngq om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ imn ~e lwq+

~jgq kiomr~qgik `gmngq om~e o~r ib~o|o~ogr- ^jg r~wn king qgbekkgmni~oemr ir ~e

jep ~jg Sdi~leqk bim qgldgb~ imn sqgrgm~ `gmngq orrwgr om o~r ew~qgibj imn in|ebib

keqg gllgb~o|gd imn ag keqg `gmngq+rsgbolob om o~r rjiqgn dgiqmom`-

Emg adebh el qgbekkgmni~oemr lebwrgn em om~g`qi~om` gmngq gywido~ ir i wonom` sqombo+

sdg om~e ~jg Sdi~leqk è|gqmimbg r~qwb~wqgr- ^jg r~wn gksjirorgn ~ji~ o~ or okseq~im~ leq

~jg RB imn Aeiqn ~e ~ihg epmgqrjos el `gmngq orrwgr imn kihg `gmngq gywido~ i hg

bqerr+bw~~om sqoeqo~ om ~jg Sdi~leqkr dem imn rjeq~ ~gqk r~qi~gòb sdimmom`- ^jor

ombdwng ~jg om~g`qi~oem el `gmngq orrwgr om hg om~gqmid nebwkgm~r dohg ~jg @e|gqmimbg

Bjiq~gq$ aw~ idre ~e kiomr~qgik o~ om~e qgdg|im~ peqh ~irhr el ~jg Sdi~leqk- ^jor ombdwngr

i sqe|oroem ~e innqgrr `gmngq beksqgjgmro|gd om ~jg ^gqkr el Qglgqgmbgr el im mgp

r~wn eq sisgq bekkorroemgn a ~jg Sdi~leqk- Kihom` gmngq i seom~ om o~r bekkwmobi+

~oemr r~qi~g` imn Sdi~leqk Rsgihom` pewdn ag i jgdslwd r~iq~- Dir~ aw~ me~ dgir~$ ~jg

Sdi~leqk or in|orgn ~e om~gmrol o~r siq~mgqrjosr po~j gmngq omr~o~w~oemr eq gmngq wmo~r el

o~r kgkagq eqìmori~oemr ~e r~qgm`~jgm o~r bisibo~-

2-


26/46

^jg ombqgirom rbesg el ib~o|o~ogr jir qgrwd~gn om i `qep~j el sgqremmgd leq ~jg Rgbqg~i+

qoi~- ^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ mep bemror~r el lo|g lwdd+~okg imn emg siq~+~okg r~ill kgkagqr$ imn

or rwsseq~gn a bemrwd~im~r em rsgbolob ~irhr- jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ or jer~gn a imn debi~gn

po~jom ~jg AKV om Aemm$ @gqkim- Esgqi~oemr imn kimi`gkgm~ el ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ imn o~r

lomimbgr iqg eq`imorgn imn sqe|ongn leq a @^V-

2-0- Lomimbgr Awn`g~ imn gzsgmno~wqgr om 1330 *rgg immgz I/

Ir dion ew~ om ~jg Bjiq~gq$ kgkagqr ki bem~qoaw~g ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr lomimboidd

imn%eq om+homn a ~ihom e|gq ~irhr omo~oi~gn imn bekkorroemgn a ~jg Sdi~leqk- Lomimboid

bem~qoaw~oemr iqg jimndgn om ~jg Sdi~leqk ^qwr~ Lwmn pjobj or inkomor~gqgn a @^V imn a

~jg LIE+Om|gr~kgm~ Bgm~qg- ^jg lwmnom ombdwngr wm~ogn beqg+lwmnom imn lwmnr iddebi~gn

~e rsgbolob ib~o|o~ogr- Idd awn`g~ iddebi~oemr leq ib~o|o~ogr iqg kimi`gn a ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ om

ibbeqnimbg po~j ~jg peqh sdim gmneqrgn a ~jg R~ggqom Bekko~~gg-

^jg sqefgb~gn awn`g~ leq sdimmgn Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr om 1330 ikewm~gn ~e 1$22 Koe Gwqe pjodg

~jg ib~wid Sdi~leqk gzsgmno~wqg om 1330 ~e~iddgn 9$:? Gwqe- ^jor gzsgmno~wqg ro mologr im om+

bqgirg el >1' ~e ~jg sqg|oewr giq- ^jor ombqgirg or kiomd airgn em ~jg gzsimnom rbesg imn

ngs~j el Sdi~leqk+dgn ib~o|o~ogr- Rsgbolob lebwr pir sw~ em ~jg Sdi~leqkr in|ebib qedg *973'

ombqgirg/ imn ~jg imid~obr wmngqsommom ~jg ombdwroem el mem+r~i~g ib~eqr om i`qobwd~wqid sqe+

`qikr po~j i |ogp ~e ombqgirg gllgb~o|gmgrr imn gllobogmb el om~gq|gm~oemr *BRE r~wn/-

^jg i|iodiadg lomimboid awn`g~ ikewm~gn ~e i ~e~id el el 1$1 Koe Gwqe$ beksergn el

i|iodiadg lomimboid qgrewqbgr om ~jg LIE Om|gr~kgm~ Bgm~qg ~e~iddom 9 Koe Gwqe$

ombdwnom 7$>99 Gwqe lqek 133 Koe Gwqe om 1330 imn

pgqg sqe|ongn a ~jg Gwqesgim Bekkorroem |oi i libodo~ jgdn om ~jg LIE

Om|gr~kgm~ Bgm~qg pjodg ~jg Rporr Ng|gdeskgm~ Beesgqi~oem$ ~jg Peqdn Aimh$ ~jg

AKV$ BONI$ NLON$ Lqimbg imn WRION ~jqew`j i Peqdn Aimh ^qwr~ Lwmn noqgb~d ~qimrlgqqgn

lwmnr ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk ^qwr~ Lwmn- ^jor ro`mologr im ombqgirg el bem~qoaw~oemr el 9>'-

Om+homn bem~qoaw~oemr ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk ombdwngn feom~ rwsseq~ lqek OLIN$ MEQIN imn @^V ~e

~jg Sdi~leqk+bekkorroemgn r~wn Qwqid Lebwr el SQRSr pjodg ~jg Sdi~leqk rwsseq~ ~e

Peqdn Ng|gdeskgm~ Qgseq~ 133: bem~omwgn om ~jg loqr~ jidl el 1330 ~jqew`j i AKV+sion

Fwmoeq Sqelgrroemid Ellobgq ib~om ir PNQ doiorem imn ~jg rgbemnkgm~ el i rgmoeq siq~+~okg

in|oreq lqek MEQIN- ^jgrg om+homn bem~qoaw~oemr ~e~iddgn ?3$333 Gwqe- Inno~oemidd$ WRION

bem~qoaw~gn om+homn 27$333 Gwqe *.73$333/ ~jqew`j OLSQO$ pjobj pgqg wrgn ~e swadorj ~jg

loqr~ Sdi~leqk Sedob Aqogl- ^jg Peqdn Aimhr om+homn bem~qoaw~oem ~e ~jg omnobi~eq r~wn

~e~iddgn 29$333 Gwqe *.>>$333/- ^e~id kemg~iqorgn om+homn bem~qoaw~oemr ~e~iddgn 9


27/46

>- SQOEQO^_ IQGIR LEQ 133:

Leddepom ~jg aeiqn kgg~om om Siqor 1330 imn om domg po~j o~r Bjiq~gq imn gzsgb~gn ew~+

sw~r$ ~jg Aeiqn ngbongn em o~r sqoeqo~ogr leq 133:6

9- Jiq|gr~ imn norrgkomi~g ~jg dgrremr dgiqmgn6 Beksodg i rm~jgror el dgrremr dgiqmgn

po~j i |ogp ~e wrom ~jor ~e qglomg Sdi~leqk sqenwb~r$ rwbj ir ~jg feom~ sqombosdgr$ ir

pgdd ir ~e ag~~gq lebwr$ sdim imn oksdgkgm~ o~r ew~sw~- jwr$ ~jg Sdi~leqk podd ombqgirg

o~r oksib~ imn in|imbg ngai~g-

1- BIINS6 ^jgqg or mggn ~e eqìmorg ~jg rjiqom el omleqki~oem om i keqg bejgqgm~ kim+

mgq$ sqe|onom i domh ag~pggm ~jg Sdi~leqk Lebid Seom~r *IQN no|oroemr/ imn ~jg BIINS

*Ilqobi/ `qews- ^jg Sdi~leqk rjewdn bdiqol ~jg r~i~wr el ~jg BIINS `qews ir i îrh

Leqbg po~jom ~jg eqìmori~oem imn ng|gdes bdgiq kodgr~emgr imn peqh sdimr leq

Sdi~leqk BIINS ib~o|o~ogr-

2- Bem~omwg ~e in|ebi~g leq ~jg mggnr el ~jg qwqid seeq imn Sdi~leqk orrwgr i~ qgdg|im~

om~gqmi~oemid g|gm~r6 Hg g|gm~r om 133: iqg ~jg JDL 2 om Ibbqi$ ~jg lomimbg bemlgqgmbg

om Neji imn qewmnr el ~idhr issqeibjom ~jg @: Rwkko~-

>- R~qi~gòb iddoimbgr6 ^jg Sdi~leqk mggnr ~e swqrwg r~qi~gòb iddoimbgr po~j mgp sdigqr

om ~jg om~gqmi~oemid ion iqbjo~gb~wqg om eqngq ~e qgibj o~r eafgb~o|g el qgnwbom qwqid

se|gq~- ^jgrg sdigqr ombdwng lewmni~oemr$ sqo|i~g rgb~eq beksimogr imn BREr$ ir

pgdd ir ~jgki~ob iqgir dohg bdoki~g bjim`g imn pi~gq-

7- In|ebib sdim6 ^jg Sdi~leqk podd lebwr em ~jg ng|gdeskgm~ el im in|ebib sdim$ pjobj

podd ombdwng rsgbolob kgrri`gr leq ~iq`g~ `qewsr-


28/46

EW^SW^ 96 IN\EBIB_ IMN EW^QGIBJ

Om~gqmi~oemid Bemlgqgmbgr 1mn Gwqesgim Qwqid Leqwk$ Agqdom

Bekkwmobi~oem R~qi~g`y Rjeq~+~gqk bemrwd~imbogr , ~qi|gd

Immwid Kgg~om` Siqor

Sdi~leqk bem~qoaw~oem ~e PNQ *om+homn rwsseq~gn a MEQIN imn AKV%@^V/

Diyew~ , sqom~ fear

Pgaro~g wsni~g

Rwa ~e~id *O/ EW^SW^ 9

EW^SW^ 16 HMEPDGN@G KIMI@GKGM^ IMN OMME\IÔEM

Feom~ Sedoby Aqoglr

Omnobi~eq r~wny *om+homn a PA imn LIE Libodo~/

Qwqid Lebwr el SQRS r~wny$ 7 bewm~qogr *om+homn rwsseq~gn a OLIN$ MEQIN$ @^V/

Rwa+~e~id *OO/ EW^SW^ 1

EW^SW^ 26 Ion Gllgb~o|gmgrr

Mobiqi`wi Gmneqrgn bewm~q sqe`qikkg

\og~mik Feom~ r~wn

Bikaenoi Gmneqrgn bewm~q sqe`qikkg

BRE r~wny *dgn ay BONI/ LIE Libodo~y

RPIs r~wny *LIE Libodo~y/

Rwa ~e~id *OOO/ EW^SW^ 2

NEMEQSDI^LEQK KIMI@GKGM^ IMN @E\GQMIMBG

Kimi`gkgm~ r~ill ber~r

Rgbqg~iqoi~ Be+eqnomi~eq

îrh Dgingq Ion Gllgb~o|gmgrr *03'/

îrh Dgingq IQN Sedob *0 kem~jr/

îrh Dgingq BIINS ( qgòemid ib~o|o~ogr

Fwmoeq Sqelgrroemid Ellobgq

Sdi~leqk Om~gqmr

Lomimbg Inkomor~qi~eq *73'/

Sdi~leqk Awromgrr Kgg~om`r R~gomlwq~$ Se`òe|iddg

Qwmmom` ber~r Ellobg qgm~$ bekkwmobi~oem

^qi|gdr el Sdi~leqk r~ill ôbhg~r imn ~qi|gd ber~r

Sqebwqgkgm~ Ellobg gywoskgm~ *rgq|gq$ beksw~gq g~b-/

Rwa ~e~id *O\/ Kimi`gkgm~ imn @e|gqmimbg

E|gqjginr *92' /

ê~id gr~oki~gn awn`g~ imn gzsgmno~wqgr el ~jg Sdi~leqk om 1330

Sdimmgn

Awn`g~

217-333

7-333

?-7

?3-333

79-172

21

1:-177

991-2032?3-313

2>-9:9

:-9-0>?

99-91:

13-939

>?-991

97->91

2?3-791

939-303

9-:?>-:>93-333

Rporr Ng|gdeskgm~ Beesgqi~oem *RNB/ 73-333

WRION ~jqew`j PA ^qwr~ Lwmn 930-210

NLON 132-:?9

KIG Lqimbg :3-333

Peqdn Aimh 972-37

ê~id lomimboid bem~qoaw~oemr 9->3?-117

OM+HOMN BEM^QOAWÔEMR *GWQE/

OLIN bem~qoaw~oem *Qwqid Lebwr el SQRSr/ 91-:92

WRION bem~qoaw~oem 2>-:9?

PA bem~qoaw~oem *omnobi~eq r~wn/ 23-9

MEQIN bem~qoaw~oem *PNQ rwsseq~/ 23-333

AKV%@^V bem~qoaw~oem *PNQ rwsseq~/ -203 :>:-3>3 9- 1-:9? 3

PA om+homn bem~qoaw~oem omnobi~eq r~wny 23-9 23-9 3

MEQIN PNQ om+homn bem~qoaw~oem 23-333 23-333 3

AKV%@^V PNQ om+homn bem~qoaw~oem < >21->22


30/46

Immgz A6 DOR^ EL SWADOBIÔEMR

Leqkwdi~om` imn Oksdgkgm~om` Rgb~eq+pong Issqeibjgr om I`qobwd~wqg imn Qwqid

Ng|gdeskgm~6 I Rm~jgror Qgseq~$

Nemeq Sdi~leqk$ *0< si`gr/$ Ngbgkagq 1330$

*idre i|iodiadg om Rsimorj imn Lqgmbj/

Leqkwdibom g Oksdgkgm~ibom ng GRIr siqi I,NQ6 Gd Sqe`qiki Rgb~eqoid ng

Ngriqqedde Qwqid Sqenwb~o|e *SQEQWQID/$

Mobiqi`wi$ Nemeq Sdi~leqk *>> si`gr/$ Ngbgkagq 1330

*i rjeq~ rwkkiq or i|iodiadg om Gm`dorj/

Leqkwdi~om` imn Oksdgkgm~om` RPIsr om I,QN6 ^jg I`qobwd~wqg Rgb~eq

Ng|gdeskgm~ Sqe`qikkg *IRNS/$

îmvimoi$ Nemeq Sdi~leqk *2> si`gr/$ Ngbgkagq 1330

Leqkwdi~om` imn Oksdgkgm~om` RPIsr om I,QN6 ^jg Mi~oemid Sqe`qikkg el

I`qiqoim Ng|gdeskgm~ *SQEI@QO/$

Kevikaoywg$ Nemeq Sdi~leqk *7< si`gr/$ Ngbgkagq 1330

Sdi~leqk Sedob Aqogl Me- 96 Komn ~jg @is6 Jep ~e Oksqe|g Qwqidwqaim Domhi`gr

imn Qgnwbg Se|gq~$

Me|gkagq 1330

Beqmgqr~emgr leq Gllgb~o|g I`qobwd~wqg , Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~ Sqe`qikkgr wmngq

i Sqe`qikkg+airgn Issqeibj$

Aibh`qewmn Me~g$ Nemeq Sdi~leqk *> si`gr/$ Fwmg 1330

Feom~ Nemeq Bembgs~ em Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~$

Nemeq Sdi~leqk *1< si`gr/$ Me|gkagq 133$ Peqdn Aimh$ Pirjom`~em NB

^jgkg6 Om~qenwbom` ~jg Sdi~leqk

FWMG6 1mn Sdi~leqk Kgg~om`$ Siqor$ Lqimbg

^jgkg6 Gr~iadorjom` i Peqh Sdim

NGBGKAGQ6 2qn Sdi~leqk Kgg~om`$ Aemm$ @gqkim

^jgkg6 Rgdgb~oem el lewq Sdi~leqk sode~ bewm~qogr6 Bikaenoi$ îmvimoi$ Mobiqi`wi

imn Awqhomi Lire

1337LGAQWIQ_6 Oksdgkgm~i~oem el lewq irrgrrkgm~ r~wnogr6

Jiqkemori~oem imn ido`mkgm~ om qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ om lewq sode~ bewm~qogr

KIQBJ6 Qwqid Pggh 1337$ Peqdn Aimh$ Pirjom`~em NB

Sqgrgm~i~oem6 ^jg r~i~g el sdiy om nemeq jiqkemori~oem imn ido`mkgm~ om qwqid

ng|gdeskgm~

ISQOD6 >~j Sdi~leqk Kgg~om`$ Pirjom`~em NB

^jgkg6 Im ib~oem sdim leq Sdi~leqk rwsseq~ ~e om+bewm~qy jiqkemori~oem imn ido`m+

kgm~ glleq~r om ~jg lewq sode~ bewm~qogr

FWMG6 7~j Sdi~leqk Kgg~om`$ Siqor$ Lqimbg

^jgkg6 Gmneqrgkgm~ el ~jg Sdi~leqk è|gqmimbg bjiq~gq imn bqgi~oem el ~jg

R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg *RB/

RGS^GKAGQ6 9r~ Kgg~om` el ~jg Sdi~leqk R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg$ E~~ipi$ Bimini6

Ib~oem sdim leq wsbekom` Sdi~leqk swadobi~oemr6 ^jg Qwqid Lebwr el SQRSr$

Bwqqgm~ Kengr el Ngdo|gq om ~jg Qwqid Rgb~eq8 Ew~domg leq i Feom~ Nemeq Qwqid

Bembgs~ *FNQB/

133- ^jor pir sqgbgngn a i nemeq bemrwd~i~oem kgg~om` jgdn om

Qekg om Fwmg 1331 ir pgdd ir lwq~jgq kgg~om`r om Kem~sgddogq$ Lqimbg$ imn

Pirjom`~em$ NB-

21


35/46

^jg Sdi~leqk or i feom~ omo~oi~o|g el ~jg om~gqmi~oemid nemeq bekkwmo~ imn kwd~o+

imn aodi~gqid eqìmori~oemr- ^jg kgkagq eqìmori~oemr el ~jg Sdi~leqk peqh

~e`g~jgq om redoniqo~ ~epiqnr ~jgoq bekkem èid ~e qgnwbg qwqid se|gq~ om

ng|gdesom` bewm~qogr ~jqew`j ombqgirgn beesgqi~oem imn beddiaeqi~oem- Om neom`

re$ g|gq Sdi~leqk kgkagq or qgìqngn ir gywid$ oqqgrsgb~o|g el i|iodiadg

qgrewqbgr$ pjg~jgq jwkim eq lomimboid-

OO- Eafgb~o|g imn Ew~sw~r

^jg wd~oki~g eafgb~o|g el ~jg Sdi~leqk or ~e qgnwbg se|gq~ om ng|gdesom` bewm+

~qogr imn gmjimbg rwr~iomiadg gbemekob `qep~j om qwqid iqgir ~jqew`j oksqe|gn

beesgqi~oem imn beddiaeqi~oem ag~pggm om~gqmi~oemid ng|gdeskgm~ siq~mgqr imn

beeqnomi~gn noide`wg po~j siq~mgq bewm~qogr- Kgkagqr i`qgg ~ji~ Sdi~leqk

eafgb~o|gr rjewdn qgkiom sqib~obid imn lgiroadg- ^jg rsgbolob ew~sw~r ~ji~ ~jg

Sdi~leqk gmngi|ewqr ~e ibjog|g ombdwng6

Ew~sw~ 96 In|ebiby imn Ew~qgibj

^jg kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk rgq|g ir in|ebi~gr leq ~jg mggnr el ~jg qwqid seeq

imn ~jg i`qobwd~wqg i`gmni i~ ~jg om~gqmi~oemid$ qgòemid imn bewm~q dg|gd- ^jor

ombdwngr bem~qoaw~om` ~e sedob ngai~gr imn jo`jdo`j~om` ~jg qgdg|imbg el qwqid

ng|gdeskgm~ imn i`qobwd~wqg po~jom ~jg bem~gz~ el ~jg KN@r-

Ew~sw~ 16 Hmepdgn`g Kimi`gkgm~ imn Omme|i~oem

^jg kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk rggh ~e gmjimbg ~jg ywido~ imn oksib~ el qwqid

ng|gdeskgm~ om|gr~kgm~r ~jqew`j rjiqgn dgiqmom` imn ~jg qgbe`mo~oem el agr~

sqib~obgr$ ae~j ~jqew`j mg~peqhom` imn ~jg beddi~oem imn norrgkomi~oem el omme+

|i~oemr$ imn a wmngq~ihom` feom~ ~qiomom` rgrroemr imn korroemr-

Ew~sw~ 26 Ion Gllgb~o|gmgrr

^jg kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk feom om beddiaeqi~o|g glleq~r ~e qglomg ion gllgb~o|gmgrr

sqombosdgr leq i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ sqe`qikkgr a kgimr el lwq~jgq

ngai~gr$ i`qggkgm~ em bekkem sqombosdgr imn ~jg norrgkomi~oem imn issdobi~oem

~jgqgel i~ ~jg om~gqmi~oemid$ qgòemid imn bewm~q dg|gd- ^jor ombdwngr feom~ glleq~r ~e

rwsseq~ mi~oemid i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid r~qi~gògr$ jiqkemorom` sqebgnwqgr imn

sqib~obgr om ~jg bem~gz~ el EGBN%NIB nemeq ido`mkgm~ glleq~r$ w~odorom` mi~oemid

rr~gkr$ imn r~qgm`~jgmom` ~jg irrgrrkgm~ el ~jg oksib~ el r~qi~gògr imn om|gr~+

kgm~r-

22


36/46

OOO- @e|gqmimbg imn Eqìmori~oemid R~qwb~wqg

Kgkagqrjos

Kgkagqrjos om ~jg Sdi~leqk or |edwm~iq imn esgm ~e nemeq bewm~qogr imn ng|gdes+

kgm~ i`gmbogr$ kwd~odi~gqid eqìmori~oemr ombdwnom` om~gqmi~oemid lomimboid omr~o~w+

~oemr$ imn lewmni~oemr- Kgkagqrjos or beksergn el Lwdd Kgkagqr imn Irreboi~g

Kgkagqr-

Lwdd Kgkagqr iqg kgkagqr bem~qoaw~om` i komokwk el 73$333 Gwqer sgq giq-

Lwdd Kgkagqr podd qgbgo|g idd rgq|obgr el ~jg Sdi~leqk po~jew~ inno~oemid ber~

imn bim rgq|g ir ~irh dgingqr leq rsgbolob ib~o|o~ogr- ^jg iqg om|o~gn ~e ~jg

Immwid Kgg~om`r el ~jg Sdi~leqk- Gibj Lwdd Kgkagq jir emg rgi~ om ~jg Aeiqn

pjobj ng~gqkomgr ~jg Sdi~leqkr r~qi~gòb noqgb~oem *rgg ^jg Aeiqn$ Iq~obdgr 9?+

12/- Om ~jg birg el aodi~gqid eqìmori~oemr$ emd emg Lwdd Kgkagq eqìmori~oem sgq

bewm~q bim ji|g i rgi~ om ~jg Aeiqn-

Irreboi~g Kgkagqr iqg kgkagqr ~ji~ ne me~ bem~qoaw~g lomimboidd ~e ~jg

Sdi~leqk$ eq bem~qoaw~g dgrr ~jim 73$333 Gwqer sgq giq- Irreboi~g Kgkagqr iqg

om|o~gn ~e ~jg Immwid Kgg~om`r imn iqg pgdbekg ~e beddiaeqi~g om rsgbolob ~jg+

ki~ob iqgir eq ib~o|o~ogr- Irreboi~g Kgkagqr ne me~ ji|g i rgi~ em ~jg Aeiqn

aw~ e~jgqporg agmglo~ lqek ~jg lwdd qim`g el Sdi~leqk rgq|obgr-

Idd kgkagqr gmneqrg ~jg korroem imn eafgb~o|gr el ~jg Sdi~leqk$ bem~qoaw~g

ib~o|gd imn qg`wdiqd ~e o~r ib~o|o~ogr imn ew~sw~r$ imn ines~ ~jor Bjiq~gq$ ombdwn+

om` o~r sqombosdgr el peqhom` ~e`g~jgq$ ir dion nepm om Immgz 9 ~e ~jor Bjiq~gq-

Lebid Seom~r6 Idd Kgkagqr *Lwdd imn Irreboi~g/ mekomi~g emg qgsqgrgm~i~o|g$

hmepm ir i Lebid Seom~$ ~e`g~jgq po~j im id~gqmi~g$ pje rgq|gr ir ~jg elloboid

bem~ib~ sgqrem ag~pggm ~jg Sdi~leqk imn ~jg qgrsgb~o|g kgkagq eqìmori~oem

imn qgsqgrgm~r ~jg kgkagq i~ Sdi~leqk kgg~om`r- ^jg qedg el ~jg Lebid Seom~r or

nglomgn om ~jg ^gqkr el Qglgqgmbg ines~gn a ~jg Sdi~leqk *Immgz 1/- Ker~

okseq~im~d$ ~jg gmrwqg ~ji~ ~jg jginywiq~gqr imn logdn r~ill om ~jgoq qgrsgb~o|g

eqìmori~oemr iqg pgdd+omleqkgn iaew~ Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr-

@gmgqid Irrgkad6 Idd kgkagqr kgg~ embg i giq om ~jg Sdi~leqk @gmgqid

Irrgkad- ^jg kgg~om` or jer~gn a emg kgkagq eqìmori~oem em i qe~i~oemid

airor imn rwsseq~gn ae~j deòr~obidd imn om ~gqkr el o~r bem~gm~ a ~jg Sdi~leqk

Rgbqg~iqoi~ *rgg Iq~obdg 29/ imn i @gmgqid Irrgkad îrh Leqbg- ^jg eafgb~o|gr el

~jg @gmgqid Irrgkad iqg ir leddepr6

ê sqe|ong i beksqgjgmro|g e|gq|ogp imn wsni~g el Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr8

ê mg~peqh imn gzbjim`g hmepdgn`g el kgkagqr emèom` sqe`qikkgr imn

glleq~r om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~8

ê sqeke~g bejgqgm~ sedob issqeibjgr po~jom kgkagq eqìmori~oemr8

2>


37/46

ê dol~ ~jg gzsgqogmbg king a bewm~qogr om ~jg ywgr~ leq `qgi~gq jiqkemori+

~oem imn ido`mkgm~ ~e i `deaid dg|gd8

ê ib~o|gd bekkgm~ em ~jg peqh sdim el ~jg Sdi~leqk leq ~jg leddepom` giq-

Rw``gr~oemr imn sqoeqo~ogr iqg ~ihgm ws imn ngbongn wsem nwqom` ~jg leddepom`

kgg~om` el ~jg Sdi~leqk Aeiqn *Iq~obdgr 9?+10/-

Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr imn feom~ r~wnogr iqg bemnwb~gn em ~jg airor el ~jg bqo~gqoi

imn sqebgrrgr dion nepm om Immgz 2-

Siq~mgqrjosr

^jg Sdi~leqk ki gm~gq om~e siq~mgqrjos po~j e~jgq sdi~leqkr imn mg~peqhr$

ombdwnom` e~jgq nemeq sdi~leqkr$ liqkgqr eqìmori~oemr$ qgòemid eq om~gqmi~oem+

id qgrgiqbj eqìmori~oemr$ bo|od rebog~ eqìmori~oemr imn qgòemid mg~peqhr$

pjobj rjiqg bekkem om~gqgr~r po~j ~jg Sdi~leqk- Sdi~leqk Siq~mgqr gmì`gn om

siqiddgd ib~o|o~ogr ~ji~ rwsseq~ Sdi~leqk eafgb~o|gr bekko~ ~e oksdgkgm~om` ~jg

|oroem imn eafgb~o|gr rjiqgn a idd kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk- Gziksdgr el siq~+

mgqr iqg ~jg Mgwbj~gd @qews$ ~jg Om~gqmi~oemid Leen Sedob Qgrgiqbj Omr~o~w~g

*OLSQO/$ ~jg Qgòemid Wmo~ leq ^gbjmobid Irror~imbg om Bgm~qid Ikgqobi *QWÎ/$

~jg Mgp Siq~mgqrjos leq Ilqobir Ng|gdeskgm~ *MGSIN/ imn ~jg Gwqesgim

Omo~oi~o|g leq I`qobwd~wqid Qgrgiqbj leq Ng|gdeskgm~ *GOIQN/- Qgsqgrgm~i~o|gr el

Sdi~leqk Siq~mgqr iqg om|o~gn ~e i~~gmn ~jg Immwid @gmgqid Irrgkad$ eq rgr+

roemr ~jgqgel$ ir issqesqoi~g-

^jg Aeiqn

^jg Aeiqn or ~jg bgm~qid ngboroem+kihom` aen el ~jg Sdi~leqk imn bemror~r el ~jg

Lebid Seom~r el idd Lwdd Kgkagqr-

^jg Aeiqn bim ngbong a bemrgmrwr ~e gz~gmn o~r kgkagqrjos ~e Irreboi~g

Kgkagqr ~ji~ ne me~ bem~qoaw~g lomimboidd ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk-

^jg qgrsemroaodo~ogr el ~jg Aeiqn ombdwng ~jg leddepom`6

ê mekomi~g$ ~jqew`j gdgb~oem$ ~jg Sdi~leqk Bjioq imn \obg+Bjioq8

ê mekomi~g$ ~jqew`j i bemrgmrwr el Aeiqn kgkagqr$ ~jg kgkagqr el ~jg

Sdi~leqk R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg *Iq~obdgr 1


38/46

ê issqe|g imn ikgmn ~jg ^gqkr el Qglgqgmbgr el ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~8

ê issqe|g imn ikgmn ~jg `gmgqid ~gqkr el i`qggkgm~ po~j ~jg omr~o~w~oem

*bwqqgm~d @^V/ ~ji~ sqe|ongr ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ el ~jg Sdi~leqk-

^jg Sdi~leqk Bjioq imn \obg+Bjioq imn kgkagqr el ~jg R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg iqg

gdgb~gn in sgqremik-

^jg Aeiqn rjidd kgg~ i~ dgir~ embg i giq om i Awromgrr Kgg~om` *sqglgqiad

aibh+~e+aibh po~j ~jg Immwid @gmgqid Irrgkad/ imn$ wmdgrr e~jgqporg rsgbo+

logn$ ~ihgr o~r ngboroemr a i ~pe+~joqnr kifeqo~ |e~g-

Ol i`qggn a bemrgmrwr el idd o~r kgkagqr imn em i birg+~e+birg airor$ ~jg

Aeiqn ki ~ihg i ngboroem om pqo~om`-

Sdi~leqk Bjioq imn \obg Bjioq

^jg Sdi~leqk Bjioq imn ~jg Sdi~leqk \obg+Bjioq iqg gdgb~gn nwqom` i Awromgrr

Kgg~om` el ~jg Aeiqn leq i kimni~g el ~pe giqr- Emg omno|onwid bimme~ ag gdgb~+

gn leq keqg ~jim ~pe bemrgbw~o|g kimni~gr om emg sero~oem-

^jg Sdi~leqk Bjioq or idre ~jg Aeiqn Bjioq- ^jg Sdi~leqk \obg+Bjioq or idre ~jg

Aeiqn \obg+Bjioq imn ~jg Bjioq el ~jg R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg-

^jg R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg

^jg R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg *RB/ bemror~r el ~jg \obg+Bjioq el ~jg Sdi~leqk sdwr lo|g

Aeiqn kgkagqr- ^jg R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg kgkagqr iqg ngro`mi~gn in sgqrem+

ik a ~jg Aeiqn$ leq i ~jqgg+giq sgqoen- ^pe RB kgkagqr iqg ~e ag qgsdibgn

g|gq giq- Kgkagqrjos el ~jg RB podd qe~i~g ikem` idd Sdi~leqk Aeiqn kgk+

agqr-

Wsem qgywgr~ lqek ~jg Sdi~leqk Bjioq imn po~j ~jg rwsseq~ el ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~$

R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg kgkagqr ki idre qgsqgrgm~ ~jg Sdi~leqk om ~jg sgqleqk+

imbg el o~r elloboid awromgrr-

^jg kgkagqr el ~jg RB podd bemnwb~ |ongebemlgqgmbgr *eq ~gdgsjemgbemlgqgmbgr/

po~j gibj e~jgq em i qg`wdiq airor-

Ngboroemr el ~jg RB iqg king a bemrgmrwr-

^jg qgrsemroaodo~ogr el ~jg R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg ombdwng ~jg leddepom`6

ê sqe|ong ni+~e+ni rwsgq|oroem el$ imn `wonimbg ~e$ ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~8

ê qg|ogp ~jg sgqleqkimbg el ~jg Sdi~leqk Rgbqg~iqoi~ imn g|idwi~g o~r oksib~8

ê jgds qiorg inno~oemid qgrewqbgr8

ê qgseq~ ~e ~jg Aeiqn Bjioq em i qg`wdiq airor$ imn immwidd ~e ~jg Aeiqn-2


39/46

Rgbqg~iqoi~

^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ or ~jg bgm~qid kimi`gkgm~ wmo~ el ~jg Sdi~leqk$ imn rgq|gr ir

~jg jwa leq qgdi~oemr po~j o~r Lwdd Kgkagqr$ Irreboi~g Kgkagqr imn Siq~mgqr-

^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~r peqh or lebwrgn kiomd em rgq|om`$ irror~om` imn rwsseq~om`

kgkagq eqìmori~oemr imn em gmrwqom` lomimboid imn omr~o~w~oemid r~iaodo~- O~

idre ib~o|gd gzsdeqgr r~qi~gòb siq~mgqrjosr ~e beksdgkgm~ ~jg peqh el ~jg

Sdi~leqk- ^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ peqhr wmngq ~jg noqgb~ rwsgq|oroem el ~jg R~ggqom`

Bekko~~gg imn qgseq~r ~e ~jg Aeiqn- I~ sqgrgm~$ ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ or kimi`gn a

~jg @^V- ^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ esgqi~gr po~jom ~jg immwid ib~o|o~ imn awn`g~ domgr

i`qggn a ~jg Aeiqn gibj bidgmniq giq imn ~ihgr idd qgdg|im~ ngboroemr ~e ke|g

ib~o|o~ogr leqpiqn po~jom ~jg i`qggn awn`g~$ ombdwnom` ~jg joqom` el bemrwd~im~r$

gr~iadorjom` mg~peqhr imn ~qi|gdr em Sdi~leqk awromgrr- Om ~jg birg el mgp

ib~o|o~ogr ~ji~ om|ed|g i lomimboid bekko~kgm~ a ~jg Sdi~leqk$ ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~

in|orgr ~jg RB em ~jg swqserg imn rbesg el ~jg ib~o|o~ imn biqqogr ew~ ~jg ngbo+

roem el ~jg RB em lwq~jgq ib~oem-

^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~'r hgy qgrsemroaodo~ogr ombdwng6

i/ @e|gqmimbg imn kimi`gkgm~

Rwsseq~ ~e ~jg kiom @e|gqmimbg aenogr el ~jg Sdi~leqk + ~jg Aeiqn$ imn ~jg

R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg + imn oksdgkgm~i~oem el ~jgoq ngboroemr$ agiqom` ~jg sqo+

kiq qgrsemroaodo~ leq gmrwqom` ~ji~ Aeiqn imn RB ngboroemr iqg biqqogn ew~8

Sqeserom` ib~o|o~ogr ~e oksdgkgm~ Aeiqn ngboroemr imn sqgsiqom` ~jg ~gqkr el

qglgqgmbg leq bem~qib~gn bemrwd~im~r pje biqq ew~ peqh em agjidl el ~jg

Sdi~leqk8

Sqe|onom` in|oreq rgq|obgr ~e ~jg Aeiqn$ kgkagq eqìmori~oemr imn siq~mgqr om

~jg iqgi el qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ imn i`qobwd~wqid sedobogr$ ion gllgb~o|gmgrr imn

rsgbolob gz~gqmid omo~oi~o|gr$ leq gziksdg ~jg Beksqgjgmro|g Ilqobi I`qobwd~wqg

Ng|gdeskgm~ Sqe`qikkg *BIINS/-

a/ Oksdgkgm~i~oem imn rwsgq|oroem el ib~o|o~ogr

@wonom` imn rwsseq~om` Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr$ ombdwnom` ~jeqew`j imidror imn sedo+

b in|obg om ~jg iqgi el ion gllgb~o|gmgrr$ hmepdgn`g kimi`gkgm~ imn omme|i+

~oem$ BIINS imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~ imn i`qobwd~wqid sedobogr8

Rbqggmom` imn g|idwi~om` sqe`qikkg sqeseridr ir i airor leq omleqkgn ngbo+

roem+kihom` a ~jg Aeiqn8

Ongm~olom` om~gqmi~oemid bemrwd~im~r$ sqgsiqom` ~jgoq êQr$ imn sqe|onom` rwsgq+

|oroem imn ywido~ bem~qed el ~jgoq peqh imn o~r sqenwb~r-

b/ Bekkwmobi~oem imn mg~peqh kimi`gkgm~

Gr~iadorjom` imn kiom~iomom` im gllgb~o|g r~qgik el bekkwmobi~oem po~j Lwdd

Kgkagqr$ Irreboi~g Kgkagqr$ Siq~mgqr imn ~jg `gmgqid swadob8

Eqìmorom` imn kimiòm` idd irsgb~r$ ae~j rwar~imbg imn deòr~obr$ el Sdi~leqk

kgg~om`r *Immwid @gmgqid Irrgkad$ Aeiqn kgg~om`r$ R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg

kgg~om`r$ ^gbjmobid Peqhom` @qewsr/820


40/46

Sqe|onom` ~jg mgbgrriq rwsseq~ leq Sdi~leqk Lebid Seom~r re ~ji~ ~jg ki ing+

ywi~gd lwdlod ~jgoq kimni~g ir in|ebi~gr el ~jg Sdi~leqk ae~j omrong imn ew~rong

~jgoq eqìmori~oemr imn ir rsgbologn wmngq ~jg Sdi~leqkr in|ebib imn ew~qgibj

ib~o|o~ogr-

n/ Lomimboid kimi`gkgm~

Gmrwqom` ~jg sqesgq lomimboid kimi`gkgm~ el ~jg Sdi~leqk ^qwr~ Lwmn$ ombdwn+

om` ~jg nqil~om` el ~jg immwid peqh sdim imn awn`g~$ imn ~jg inkomor~qi~oem imn

norawqrgkgm~ el lwmnr8

Kimiòm` idd gdoòadg gzsgmno~wqgr ~ji~ iqg noqgb~d qgdi~gn ~e ~jg lwdloddkgm~ el

~jg Sdi~leqkr korroem imn ib~o|o~ogr-

g/ Qgseq~om` imn iwno~om` iqqim`gkgm~r

Beksdom` po~j rsgbolob qgseq~om` imn iwno~om` qgywoqgkgm~r po~jom ~jg lqikg+

peqh el be+lomimbom` i`qggkgm~r ~ji~ iqg bembdwngn ag~pggm siq~obosi~om`

nemeqr imn ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~8

Sqgsiqom` im immwid qgseq~ em idd Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr imn i rwkkiq el lomimboid

r~i~gkgm~r leq idd Sdi~leqk kgkagqr$ me di~gq ~jim roz kem~jr leddepom` ~jg

gmn el ~jg bidgmniq giq8

Ir lwmn inkomor~qi~eq$ sqe|onom` Lwdd Kgkagqr po~j i kimi`gkgm~ r~i~gkgm~

em im immwid airor$ ~e`g~jgq po~j i bgq~olobi~oem lqek ~jg Sdi~leqkr om~gqmid

iwno~eqr el ri~orlib~eq sgqleqkimbg om beksdoimbg po~j i`qggn sqebgnwqgr imn

bem~qedr leq ~jg inkomor~qi~oem el Sdi~leqk lwmnr8

Iqqimòm` leq gz~gqmid lomimboid iwno~r el Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr i~ ~jg qgywgr~ el ~jg

Aeiqn$ imn%eq omno|onwid Kgkagqr po~j qgrsgb~ ~e ~jgoq bem~qoaw~oemr8

Lwdloddom` e~jgq qgseq~om` nw~ogr ~e ~jg Lebid Seom~r el ~jg Sdi~leqk$ imn grsg+

boidd ~e ~jg RB$ ombdwnom`6

Qg`wdiq elloboid gkiod beqqgrsemngmbg a ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ qgdi~gn ~e ~jg peqh

sqe`qikkg imn lwmnom` qgywgr~r8

^jg rjiqom` imn r~eqom` el Sdi~leqk nebwkgm~r rwbj ir ~jg komw~gr el kgg~+

om`r$ peqh sdimr imn ~jg awn`g~ em i sirrpeqn+sqe~gb~gn pga+si`g i~

ppp-nemeqsdi~leqk-eq`-

2:


41/46

Lwmnom`

^jg Sdi~leqk ^qwr~ Lwmn ombdwngr beqg+lwmnom` imn lomimboid bem~qoaw~oemr po~j

nemeq qgr~qob~oemr ~ji~ qgdi~g ~e ~jgkgr$ ib~o|o~ogr eq qg`oemid sqe`qikkgr el

~jg Sdi~leqk- Idd lwmnom` iddebi~oemr leq Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr imn sqe`qikkgr iqg

kimi`gn a ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ om ibbeqnimbg po~j ~jg peqh sdim gmneqrgn a ~jg

Aeiqn-

Bem~qoaw~oemr ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk rjidd ag om birj imn%eq om+homn- Om+homn bem~qoaw+

~oemr *g-`- om ~jg leqk el sqe|oroem el om+jewrg bemrwd~imb rgq|obgr ~e lwdlod ib~o|+

o~ogr el ~jg immwid peqh sdim/ iqg qgbe`morgn a ~jg Aeiqn aw~ iqg me~ mgbgrriqo+

d ibbgs~gn ir bqgi~om` gdo`oaodo~ leq lwdd Sdi~leqk kgkagqrjos

Ol lwmnr iqg ~qimrlgqqgn$ ~jg bem~qoaw~eq rjidd gm~gq om~e i lomimbom` i`qggkgm~

e|gq ~jg mi~wqg imn swqserg el o~r bem~qoaw~oem ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk po~j ~jg omr~o~w+

~oem sqe|onom` ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ el ~jg Sdi~leqk *bwqqgm~d @^V/-

2?


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IMMGZ 96

Sqombosdgr leq peqhom` ~e`g~jgq om ~jg Sdi~leqk kgkagqrjos

Sdi~leqk Lwdd Kgkagqr imn Irreboi~g Kgkagqr bekko~ ~e bgq~iom komokwk r~im+

niqnr ir agr~ sqib~obgr leq peqhom` po~j gibj e~jgq$ ~jgqga ler~gqom` kw~wid

ibbewm~iaodo~ ikem` ~jgk-

Lwdd Kgkagqr imn Irreboi~g Kgkagqr el ~jg Sdi~leqk i`qgg ~e ~jg leddepom`6

ê bekko~ ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk korroem imn eafgb~o|gr8

ê gmneqrg imn issd ~jg Feom~ sqombosdgr leq gllgb~o|g i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gd+

eskgm~ sqe`qikkgr ir dir~ wsni~gn imn ~e gmngi|ewq ~e gmbewqi`g logdn ellobgr

~e bem~omwewrd qglomg ~jg bem~gm~ imn issdobiaodo~ ~jgqgel8

ê rjisg ~jg Sdi~leqk oki`g ir i nemeq omo~oi~o|g ~ji~ or ng|e~gn ~e sqib~obom` imn

sqeke~om` ion gllgb~o|gmgrr sqombosdgr om i`qobwd~wqg imn qwqid ng|gdeskgm~8

ê gmngi|ewq ~e ler~gq i rjol~ om ~jg è|gqmimbg i`gmni lqek bemno~oemido~ ~e sero+

~o|g ombgm~o|gr leq bjim`g8

ê bekko~ ~e beeqnomi~oem imn bemrwd~i~oem po~j ~jg debid nemeq beeqnomi~oem `qews

om ~jg birg el bewm~q ib~o|o~ogr imn ~e ib~ om ibbeqnimbg po~j ~jg `qews qgbek+

kgmni~oemr8

ê gmngi|ewq ~e rwsseq~ kgkagqr om ~jgoq glleq~r ~e sqeke~g ~qimrsiqgmb imn

omleqki~oem+rjiqom`-

ê i|eon lomimbom` ib~o|o~ogr om bewm~qogr ~ji~ bewdn e~jgqporg ag be|gqgn go~jgq a

siq~mgq è|gqmkgm~r eq debid nemeqr-

ê kihg rwqg ~ji~ gibj Sdi~leqk Lebid Seom~ jir ~jg issqesqoi~g ~okg ~e lwdlodd jor

eq jgq eadoì~oemr ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk ir ew~domgn om Immgz 1 el ~jor Bjiq~gq-

>3


43/46

IMMGZ 16

^gqkr el Qglgqgmbgr leq Lebid Seom~r

^jg Sdi~leqk kgkagq eqìmori~oemr i`qgg ~e ngro`mi~g emg r~ill kgkagq$ eq Lebid

Seom~$ imn emg id~gqmi~g lqek ~jgoq qgrsgb~o|g eqìmori~oemr pje iqg iw~jeqorgn ~e

qgsqgrgm~ ~jgk om idd ki~~gqr qgdi~om` ~e ~jg ib~o|o~ogr el ~jg Sdi~leqk$ imn ~e bekko~

~jgrg Lebid Seom~r$ lqek ~okg ~e ~okg$ ~e sgqleqk lwmb~oemr em agjidl el Sdi~leqk- O~

or qgbekkgmngn ~ji~ gibj Sdi~leqk kgkagq eqìmori~oem awn`g~r >+7 r~ill pgghr

leq ~jg nw~ogr el ~jg Lebid Seom~-

^jg nw~ogr imn qgrsemroaodo~ogr el ~jg Lebid Seom~r ombdwng6

Rgq|om` ir bem~ib~ seom~ ag~pggm ~jg Sdi~leqk Rgb~qg~iqoi~ eq idd e~jgq Sdi~leqk

peqhom` aenogr imn ~jgoq qgdg|im~ kgkagq eqìmori~oem8

Qg|ogpom` peqh wmngq~ihgm a e~jgq eqìmori~oemr em agjidl el ~jg Sdi~leqk om

ibbeqnimbg po~j bekkwmobi~oemr sqebgnwqg ir dion nepm om Immgz 28

Gzbjimòm` ni~i imn omleqki~oem po~j e~jgq kgkagq eqìmori~oemr$ ombdwnom` sqe+

|onom` ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ po~j qgdg|im~ ni~i imn e~jgq omleqki~oem ki~gqoidr leq ~jg

Sdi~leqk pgaro~g imn qgdg|im~ swadobi~oemr8

I~~gmnom` kgg~om`r el ~jg Sdi~leqk *bwqqgm~d$ rekg 9+1 kgg~om`r sgq giq/8

Gmrwqom` ~ji~ jor%jgq eqìmori~oem kgg~r o~r lomimboid imn%eq jwkim qgrewqbgr

eadoì~oemr ~e ~jg Sdi~leqk8 imn

R~imnom` sqgsiqgn ~e qgsqgrgm~ ~jg Sdi~leqk i~ om~gqmi~oemid kgg~om`r imn e~jgq

leqi$ om i`qggkgm~ po~j ~jg Sdi~leqk Bjioq$ po~j rwsseq~ lqek imn beeqnomi~oem a

~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~-

>9


44/46

IMMGZ 26

Rgdgb~oem bqo~gqoi imn issqe|id sqebgrrgr leq Sdi~leqk sqenwb~r imn ib~o|o~ogr

9- Sqebgrr leq ongm~olom` imn gmneqrom` Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr6

^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ imn%eq kgkagq eqìmori~oem nqil~r im ew~domg rbesom`+nebwkgm~

imn ~gqkr el qglgqgmbg leq ~jg sqesergn ib~o|o~ eq swadobi~oem8

^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ redobo~r kgkagqr leq im gzsqgrroem el om~gqgr~8

I dgin kgkagq imn%eq i kgkagq el ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ or rgdgb~gn pje or qgrsemroadg

leq e|gqrggom` ~jg siq~obwdiq ib~o|o~$ idemg eq om siq~mgqrjos po~j e~jgq Sdi~leqk

kgkagqr8

I ng~iodgn sqeserid or rwako~~gn$ leddepgn a gmneqrgkgm~ el ~jg R~ggqom`

Bekko~~gg airgn em i`qggn bqo~gqoi *rgg agdep/8

Lwmnr iqg iddebi~gn *wmdgrr ~jg dgin kgkagq sqesergr ~e lwdd lwmn ~jg ib~o|o~/8

^jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ beeqnomi~gr qgseq~om` ~e ~jg R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg imn Sdi~leqk

kgkagqrjos8

Kgkagqr iqg redobo~gn leq bekkgm~r em ~jg lomid êQr imn ~jg lomid nebwkgm~$

beeqnomi~gn a ~jg Rgbqg~iqoi~ imn dgin kgkagq$ airgn em i 93+ni bekkwmobi+

~oem qwdg *rgg seom~ 2 agdep/8

Il~gq bembdwroem el ~jg 93+ni sgqoen leq bekkgm~r$ imn ol me lwq~jgq eafgb~oemr

iqg king po~jom ~ji~ sgqoen$ ~jg ib~o|o~ eq Sdi~leqk nebwkgm~ or issqe|gn imn o~r

diwmbj eq swadobi~oem or r~iq~gn-

1-^jg rgdgb~oem bqo~gqoi leq Sdi~leqk ib~o|o~ogr iqg6

Bemror~gmb po~j ~jg ~jqgg ew~sw~r el ~jg Sdi~leqk8

^jg se~gm~oid ~e qgrwd~ om i `deaid swadob èen8

Mem+nwsdobi~oem el im esgqi~oemid peqh el im kgkagq eqìmori~oem8

^jg sqe|oroem el agmglo~r ~e ~jg kifeqo~ el Sdi~leqk kgkagqr8

Esgqi~oemid |idwg$ gir qgsdobiaodo~ imn kgirwqiaodo~8

Agom` ngkimn+nqo|gm *a è|gqmkgm~ eq logdn r~ill el Sdi~leqk kgkagq eqìmori+

~oemr/ imn%eq mggn+nqo|gm *a Sdi~leqk Lebid Seom~r eq jginywiq~gqr el Sdi~leqk

kgkagq eqìmori~oemr/8

Issqe|id a ~jg kifeqo~ el R~ggqom` Bekko~~gg kgkagqr8

Bemleqko~ po~j rg~ agmbjkiqhr pjobj iqg i`qggn sqoeq ~e gmìòm` om ~jg rion

ib~o|o~8

Kihom` bem~qoaw~oemr ~e ~jg qwqid norbwrroem ir rwbj imn rwsseq~om` ~jg beksqg+

jgmro|g issqeibj el qwqid ng|gdeskgm~-

2- Bekkwmobi~oem sqebgnwqgr6

ê irrwqg i rkee~j sqebgrrom` el ib~o|o~ogr$ bekkwmobi~oem po~jom ~jg Sdi~leqk

kgkagqrjos mg~peqh or airgn em i 93+peqhom` ni qwdg- Idd kgkagqr iqg irhgn ~e

qgsd ~e rsgbolob qgywgr~r leq omleqki~oem imn%eq ~e bekkgm~ em feom~ ib~o|o~ogr eq

swadobi~oemr po~jom ~jor ~okg doko~- Il~gq ~jgrg 93 nir$ ib~o|o~ogr imn swadobi~oemr

iqg bemrongqgn ir issqe|gn- O~ or serroadg ~e ea~iom im gz~gmroem el ~jg 93+ni qwdg

ol rsgboid bemrwd~i~oemr ~ji~ mggn ~e ag wmngq~ihgm kihg ~jg qwdg oksqib~obid-


45/46

Sqgsiqgn ay

Sdi~leqk Rgbqg~iqoi~

Swadorjgn ay

@deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqk leq Qwqid

Ng|gdeskgm~$

b%e Lgngqid Komor~q leq Gbemekob

Beesgqi~oem imn Ng|gdeskgm~ *AKV/

Ingmiwgqiddgg 92?+9>9$ 72992 Aemm$

@gqkim

Diyew~

Oqor Bjqor~kimm$ Pograingm$ @gqkim

Sje~er

Sdi~leqk Rgbqg~iqoi~

Sisgq

Sqom~gn em rsgboid ?Do|gr sje~e sisgq

*SisgqDomz/$ bgq~ologn ibbeqnom` ~e LRB

Ki 133:


46/46

@deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqkleq Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~

ppp-nemeqsdi~leqk-eq`

Bem~ib~6

Rgbqg~iqoi~ el ~jg

@deaid Nemeq Sdi~leqk leq Qwqid Ng|gdeskgm~$

b%e Lgngqid Komor~qy leq Gbemekob Beesgqi~oem

imn Ng|gdeskgm~ *AKV/

platform progress report 2007

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