plate tectonics and associated hazards. pass on your work to one of your peers. use the mark scheme...
TRANSCRIPT
Plate Tectonics and Associated Hazards
Revision Session
• Pass on your work to one of your peers.
• Use the mark scheme to read through and mark the work.
• Move papers on again and mark a second one
• Do this one more time
• Then retrieve your paper, mark it and see if you agree with the marks?
• Discuss strengths and weaknesses
• All have a look at the model answer
• How does this compare with your work?
• Write down 3 things you could do to improve your extended question answer
Last weeks question
The structure of the Earth (Lithosphere)
Theory of continental drift and plate tectonics
Converging Boundaries
Diverging Boundaries
Conservative Boundaries
The Hot Spot Theory
Structure of Volcanoes and where they occur
Earthquakes and where they occur
Summary of Learning
The management of Natural Hazards (4R’s)
Predicting volcanic Activity
Case Studies for Volcanic Eruptions and Earthquakes
You will receive some case study material and I want you to construct a grid on the A3 paper you have. Summarise information on to grid so you can use this as a revision tool
Summary of Learning
Discuss for 2 to 3 minutes or make a list of as many physical volcanic hazards as you can.
Can you give clear examples of where these Hazards have occurred… i.e which volcanoes?
Check them off as we work through them.
Volcanic Hazards
Which of the following are physical or human responses to Earthquakes
… successful Earthquake management depends upon a number of interacting variable .. Can you guess what they are .. You have 3 minutes …. to discuss and write a list. When we ago through the answers decide again if they are physical or human and put them in to 2 columns.
Responding to an Earthquake
Remember, physical or human
preparedness
Time of day
Base Geology
Ability to cope and react
Location of epicentre
Pinpointing the weaknesses in infrastructure
Charting the recurrence interval
Identification of localities prone to liquefaction/folding or faulting
Efficiency of emergency services
Building style
Duration of the shake
Depth of Focus
Tuned Dampers
Rubber Bearings
Pendulum Bearings
Building height control
Spring foundations
Reinforced masonry with ductile joints to allow some bending
A light frame structure using wood
Use of concrete with pre stressed steel core
Cross bracing
What do they have in common?
Can you categorise them?
Which of the following have you heard of?
They are examples of Earthquake engineering. Learn these as examples of Earthquake Engineering. The first 5 are examples of vibration control and the second 4 are examples of materials used in seismic construction.
Reduction
Readiness
Response
Recovery
Construct 4 boxes and add the following bits of information to the correct box
4R’s Activity
Public Education
Evacuations
Community and civil contingency plans by government agencies
Coordination and control
Planning and Emergency Reviews
Emergency Shelters
Dealing with Injuries
Schools and families undertaking awareness sessions led by government agencies and emergency services
Restoring Infrastructure
Making emergency finance available and providing insurance support
Practising and maintaining communication systems such as the emergency services and checking and testing warning systems
Practising and testing family and school defence plans
Training officials and volunteers
Evacuations
Hazard planning and risk management analysis
Communications
Restoration and rebuilding
Making emergency finance available and providing insurance support
What is the difference between Oceanic and continental crust?
What is Isostacy?
What is the difference between basic and acid lava?
Progress Check
Oceanic crust is denser
Relates to the buoyancy of the crusts material
Basic lava has less silica, moves quickly and is hotter
Answers
What is a natural hazard?
Why are gas levels measured in a volcano?
How can the products of volcanic eruptions be successfully used?
Progress Check
It has potential to cause loss of life and property
Increase in gas levels suggest an imminent eruption
Building blocks and fertile soils and power generation
Answers
Why is it that not all earthquake events result in disasters?
Name two factors that the magnitude and intensity of Earthquakes depend on?
Outline why the effects of Earthquakes are different in MEDC’s and LEDC’s
Progress Check
With no population there can be no disaster
The depth of focus, the number of buildings on the surface, the numbers of people present and the type of rock – hard rock absorbs/soft rock amplifies.
See case studies ..!
Answers