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Plate Tectonics Plate Tectonics

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Page 1: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

Plate TectonicsPlate Tectonics

Page 2: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

Plate TectonicsPlate Tectonics

accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

lithosphere comprising the crust and the lithosphere comprising the crust and the solidified uppermost part of the mantle. solidified uppermost part of the mantle.

Mantle is on top of the asthenosphere, a very Mantle is on top of the asthenosphere, a very thick viscous fluid layerthick viscous fluid layer

Lithosphere “floats” on asthenosphere.Lithosphere “floats” on asthenosphere.

Page 3: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

Plate TectonicsPlate Tectonics

Lithosphere broken into Lithosphere broken into tectonic platestectonic plates

10 major and many 10 major and many minor platesminor plates

Page 4: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

How Plates Move.How Plates Move.

Convection currents: Convection currents: heating causes a heating causes a material to expand and material to expand and rise, then cooling causes rise, then cooling causes the material to contract the material to contract and fall.and fall.

Lithosphere on a Lithosphere on a metaphorical treadmill.metaphorical treadmill.

Page 5: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

3 Types of Plate Boundaries3 Types of Plate Boundaries

1. Transform 1. Transform BoundariesBoundaries

2. Convergent 2. Convergent BoundariesBoundaries

3. Divergent 3. Divergent BoundariesBoundaries

Page 6: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

Convergent BoundaryConvergent Boundary

2 plates moving toward 2 plates moving toward each othereach other Subduction Zone: one Subduction Zone: one

plate slides under plate slides under another. Correlated with another. Correlated with volcanoes. volcanoes.

Continental Collision: if Continental Collision: if two continental plates two continental plates collide. EX: Himalayan collide. EX: Himalayan mountainsmountains

Page 7: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

Transform BoundariesTransform Boundaries

Plates grind past each Plates grind past each other.other.

Fault lineFault line San AndreasSan Andreas Earthquakes Earthquakes

Page 8: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

Divergent BoundaryDivergent Boundary

2 plates slide away from 2 plates slide away from each othereach other

Mid-ocean trenchesMid-ocean trenches Key concept supporting Key concept supporting

plate tectonicsplate tectonics

Page 9: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

PangaeaPangaea

Super continent Super continent believed to exist during believed to exist during prehistoric times. prehistoric times.

Page 10: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

Breaking up of PangaeaBreaking up of Pangaea

First major break up of First major break up of Pangaea occurred Pangaea occurred during the Triassic during the Triassic period.period.

Formation of Atlantic Formation of Atlantic Ocean and Mississippi Ocean and Mississippi river occurred.river occurred.

Page 11: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

Breaking up of PangaeaBreaking up of Pangaea

150 million years ago150 million years ago South America break South America break

away from super away from super continentcontinent

India and Africa begin India and Africa begin to move northto move north

Page 12: Plate Tectonics. accepted by the vast majority of scientists accepted by the vast majority of scientists Earth’s interior is made up of two layers: the

Breaking up of PangaeaBreaking up of Pangaea

60-50 million years ago60-50 million years ago North America and North America and

Greenland break awayGreenland break away India collides with AsiaIndia collides with Asia Australia breaks away Australia breaks away

from Antarcticafrom Antarctica

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