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When a handsome man married to a beautiful woman and their children look like this…

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Plastic Surgery

Contents• History of Plastic Surgery• Steps of Face Shape Correction• Results of Plastic Surgery• Advantages and Disadvantages of Plastic Surgery

History of

Plastic Surgery

Egyptian Surgery (2000 BC)The Rhinoplasties (nose job) was started in Egypt. In a document known as Edwin Smith Papyrus, Egyptian were shown to prepare the dead body with a surgical method.

In example, the mummy of Ramses II were altered by inserted a little bone and a handful seeds into his nose.

Indian Surgery (600 BC)An Indian doctor, Acharaya Sushrut published ‘Sushruti Samitha’, a compilation of medical text about plastic surgery. These texts describe procedures to repair noses and ears that were lost either as punishment for crimes (such as adultery) or in battle.The method was well known as ‘The Indian Rhinoplasty’

Roman Surgery (100 BC)

Romans were the first to use plastic surgery to improve self-image. Roman, Aulus Cornelius Celsus, wrote “De Medicina” which was the plastic surgeon’s reference guide for more than 1700 years.

European Surgery (1500 AC)Heinrich von Pfolspeundt described a process “to make a new nose for one who lacks it entirely, and the dogs have devoured it” by removing skin from the back of the arm and suturing it in place. Although this process created less scaring, it did require the patient’s forearm to be awkwardly attached to the nose for 21 days.

In 1597, Italian Gasparo Tagliacozzi, known as the “father of modern plastic surgery” wrote the first plastic surgery textbook, “De curtorum chirugiau .”

Tagliacozzi was hindered by the church influence. Moreover, the technology used in general anesthesia was in its earliest stage which made any surgical process attempts extremely painful.

World War IBecause of trench warfare, thousand soldiers suffered from wounds trauma on faces, necks, and arms. Thus, plastic surgery became a good solution and began to be acceptable. Since that time, plastic surgery grow rapidly across the nation

The Advantages of Plastic Surgery

• Plastic surgery is such a healer for poor self-esteem• Hair restoration• Face correction• Breast augmentation for women with breast cancer• Remove scars and disfigurements• Correct gynecomastia, excess fat build-up in the breast because of

hormonal incorrection

Disadvantages of Plastic Surgery

• Medical risk : infection, severe bleeding, nerve damage that may lead to numbness, tissue death (necrosis), fluid collecting around the site (seroma), bruising in the area (hematoma), blood clots and deep vein thrombosis• Appearance: hyper trophic scars, bruising and felling for a period of

time after the surgery are often difficult to hide, ptosis/dropping and sagging in the surgical area, results of procedure are often out of expectation, slow healing, addiction