Simone Orlandini, Federica Rossi, Anna Dalla Marta

Department of Agronomy and Land Management

University of Florence

National Research Council – Institute of Biometeorology

PLASMO ONLINE – CONTROL OF GRAPEVINE DOWNY MILDEW

• It affects the leaves, fruits and shoots. When weather is favourable and protection is not provided, downy mildew can easily destroy 50-75 % of the production.

• Downy mildew of grape occurs in most parts of the World where grapes are grown under humid conditions. It is still most destructive in Europe and in the eastern US, but it also severely affects northern Africa, South Africa, parts of Asia, Australia and South America.

The problem of downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola)

Main symptoms

mildew on under

leaf surface

oil spot on upper

leaf surface

damage on young grape cluster

LW, T RH, T R, T RH, T

Inoculation rate Incubation rate Senescence rate

INOCULATIONSPORES

VITALITYINCUBATION

Phenological model

TEMPERATURE

HUMIDITY

LEAF WETNESS

RAIN

INFECTIONS

Incubation

m T, RH

Inoculation T, LW

Survival

F1T, RH

Leaf areagrowth T

Primary inoculum

T, RHSporulation

F0

Quantitative model

AIMS

• In the frame of the activity of COST 718 forthe “Application of Meteorology toAgriculture”, a WWW version of PLASMO model was realised for the simulation of grapevine downy mildew.

• The online version has been developed on Linux platform and is provided at the URL http://agromet-cost.bo.ibimet.cnr.it/plasmo/.

http://http://agrometagromet--cost.bo.ibimet.cnr.itcost.bo.ibimet.cnr.it/plasmo/ /plasmo/

Clicking on:

User obtains information about the model and how itworks: how to prepare the input data file, to managethe data set, to set the starting conditions, to obtainthe outputs.

Clicking on:

User inputs his name, e-mail address (automatically stored on the server), country, the location of the meteorological station and may proceed to the uploading of his own meteorological data file (previously prepared in a suitable format).

A browse option for uploading the file is present

The meteo file can contain 6000 hourlyrecords (i.e. 250 days –8 months)

Clicking on:

User can set the starting conditions:

• the bud break date or the measured leaf area

• the observed disease intensity (if available)

Explanation windows open as each of this parameters isclicked on.

If direct input aboutleaf area is notavailable, PLASMO will calculate thisparameter through an internal functionbased on leaf area initial value and bud break date.

If the primaryinfection severityis not known, it iscalculated by the model accordingto the general ruleof thumb (10 mm rainfall, 10°C temperature over 24 hour period).

The time needed for the processing depends on the required range of visualization (8-months period is given in 75 sec)

Plant parameters:

The default initialand the maximumcalculated leafarea can bemodified to adjustfor different-vigourvarieties

Pathogenparameters

The defaultvalues may bemodified

Three ten parameters

Output section:

Summary of general information

Results and data are visualized both in text (tabels) and graphicform.

OUTPUTS

INPUTS (blue box)

BIOLOGICAL (green box)

OPERATIONAL (red box)

Data and graphs can be copiedand exported

LEAF AREA GROWTH

DESEASE SEVERITY (%)

•PLASMO project is a first step from COST 718 Action to translate agrometeorological models on a web-interface using open-source software.

AIMS

•To contribute to the use, management, exploitation of meteorological and agronomical data in a timely and efficient manner. •To spread out local resources and make them available to the international community: this is an interactive step helping developers to improve the models once validations have been done from different users in different environments and agronomical conditions, and offering to external users the opportunity to use free-of charge resources.

This activity can be prosecuted by working on other agrometeorological models (the ones tested in COST WG2, or others)