Susamto Somowiyarjo

Faculty of AgricultureGadjah Mada UniversityYogyakarta, Indonesia

AASPP and APPS ConferenceApril 26-29 2011

Darwin, Australia

Provide employment in rural area and reducing urbanization

Conservation of natural resources and tropical forest as lung of the world

Development of local wisdom and culture Source of food security and safety As social and political stability Development of domestic savings and

foreign exchange Source of renewable bio-energy

The Role of Agricultural Growth in the Most Asian Countries

Agriculture’s Central Role in Meeting MDGs (Mainly in four goals)

1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger2. Achieve universal primary education3. Promote gender equality and women

empowerment4. Reduce child mortality5. Improve maternal health6. Combat HIV/AIDS, Malaria, and other diseases7. Ensure environmental sustainability8. Develop a global partnership development

Nearly half of the world’s farmers are women (men pursue employment off of the farm)

Income and “time” povertyIncome and “time” poverty Heavy workloads can induce women to Heavy workloads can induce women to

remove their children from schoolremove their children from school Women will benefit from opportunity in Women will benefit from opportunity in

agriculture that help them to use their agriculture that help them to use their special skills for remunerative purposes, such special skills for remunerative purposes, such as skill in small livestoke production, as skill in small livestoke production, horticulture, or processing and packing. horticulture, or processing and packing.

IMPROVE PEOPLE’S ACCESS TO MORE AND BETTER-QUALITY OF FOOD

RAISE FARM INCOMES CREATE IMPLOYMENT ON AND OFF FARM EMPOWERMEN POOR AND MARGENALIZED

GROUPS, INCLUDING WOMEN PROMOTE OF SUSTAINABLE MANAGEMENT

OF NATURAL RESOURCES

CHALLENGES CONFRONTING ASIAN AGRICULTURE

1. Food security and safety2. Competitiveness of agricultural

products3. Climate change and global warwing4. Management and sustainability of

natural resources5. Low production and productivity6. The Scale of farm (0.16 ha & landless

labores)

MAIN PROBLEM IN SMALLHOLDER FARMER

1. Limited resources and low education2. Lack of modern technology and managerial

skill, including in diseases management3. Limited access to capital and information4. Low input and low income5. Low entrepreneurial ability6. Under-representation in political processes7. Price fluctuation8. Conversion of fertile agricultural lands to non

agricultural uses9. Food and fuel-land competition

Yellow disease on pepper

Pepper intercrop with potato, bean and chinese cabbage respectively

Reducing Gemini Virus Using Border Plants

HLB symptom on Siem mandarin as the most abundant citrus grown in Indonesia

High species number High structural diversity in time and space Exploitation of the full range of local

microenvironments Maintenance of closed cycles of materials and

waste through effective recycling practices Complex biological interdependency (promote

natural pest suppression) Dependence on local resources and human and

animal energy Use of local varieties of crops and animals

Introduction of exotic crops resulted in increasing plant diseases problems

Plant diseases control is predominated by the use of conventional synthetic pesticides

The high-quality standard demanded by the market results in heavy dependence on pesticides

LOW ACCES TO FARM INPUT (PLANTING MATERIALS, FERTILIZER AND PESTICIDE)

LIMITED EXTENTION SERVICES LACK OF AGRONOMIC INFORMATION

(RESISTANCE VARIETY) DIFFICULTY IN CROP ROTATION NO QUALITY ASSURANCE FOR FARM INPUT LACK OF SKILL IN USING MODERN INPUT LACK OF MANAGERIAL SKILL FOR FOOD SAFETY NO INCENTIVE TO EMPLOY IPM CONCEPT

SERVING AS CATALYSTS AND AGENTS OF CHANGE DEVELOPING THEIR PROFESIONAL SKILLS FINDING SCIENTIFIC BASIC FOR LOCAL WISDOM DEVELOPING DIAGNOSTIC METHOD AND SKILL

FOR NEW EMERGING DISEASES IMPROVING ACCESS TO EXISTING IPM DISSEMINATION OF THE SAFE AND COST

EFFECTIVE USE OF PESTICIDES

Promoting the exchange and dissemination of scientific knowledge and information on plant diseases management

Developing human resourses for phytopathological research and extention

Strengthening and enriching research capability in managing plant diseases

Generating goodwill and promoting better understanding among plant pathologists in the world

Prof Takikawa checking bacterial wilt of Chili in Bantul, Yogyakarta

HLB Master Class in Smallholder Citrus Farm in East Java

Citrus Farmer Field School

Field extension for detection and management of HLB Practical HLB detection tool using Iodine Kit

Tony Pattison and Andrew Daly atNusantara Tropical Fruit with Blood Disease

Problem on Cavendish

Prof Beattie gathering with citrus farmers and local agricultural officers in East Java

Thank you