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5/8/2017 1 Marathon County Seminar The Science (and Art) of Plant Disease Diagnosis Brian D. Hudelson Department of Plant Pathology University of Wisconsin-Madison/Extension Plant Disease Diagnosis The Disease Triangle Susceptible Host Pathogen Favorable Environment Disease No Disease No Disease No Disease No Disease No Disease No Disease Plant Disease Diagnosis “Easy Money Diseases” Powdery Mildew Cedar-Apple Rust Golden Canker Black Knot Plant Disease Diagnosis “The Rest . . .” Sample Diagnosis Plant Disease Diagnosis The Disease Triangle Susceptible Host Pathogen Favorable Environment Disease No Disease No Disease No Disease No Disease No Disease No Disease Plant Disease Diagnosis Susceptible Host Colorado Blue Spruce Cytospora Canker Spruce Needle Drop Rhizosphaera Needle Cast

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Page 1: Plant Disease Diagnosis Marathon County Seminar The ......Plant Disease Diagnosis Abiotic Disorders Chlorosis Blossom End Rot Imprelis Injury 2,4-D Injury Urine Damage Salt Damage

5/8/2017

1

Marathon County Seminar

The Science (and Art) of Plant Disease Diagnosis

Brian D. Hudelson

Department of Plant Pathology

University of Wisconsin-Madison/Extension

Plant Disease Diagnosis

The Disease Triangle

Susceptible Host

PathogenFavorableEnvironment

Disease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

Plant Disease Diagnosis

“Easy Money Diseases”

Powdery Mildew

Cedar-Apple Rust

Golden Canker

Black Knot

Plant Disease Diagnosis

“The Rest . . .”

Sample

Diagnosis

Plant Disease Diagnosis

The Disease Triangle

Susceptible Host

PathogenFavorableEnvironment

Disease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Susceptible Host

Colorado Blue Spruce

Cytospora

Canker

Spruce

Needle Drop

Rhizosphaera

Needle Cast

Page 2: Plant Disease Diagnosis Marathon County Seminar The ......Plant Disease Diagnosis Abiotic Disorders Chlorosis Blossom End Rot Imprelis Injury 2,4-D Injury Urine Damage Salt Damage

5/8/2017

2

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Susceptible Host

Varietal Differences

Plant Disease Diagnosis

The Disease Triangle

Susceptible Host

PathogenFavorableEnvironment

Disease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Necrotic Symptoms

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Necrotic Symptoms

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Necrotic Symptoms

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Discolorations

Page 3: Plant Disease Diagnosis Marathon County Seminar The ......Plant Disease Diagnosis Abiotic Disorders Chlorosis Blossom End Rot Imprelis Injury 2,4-D Injury Urine Damage Salt Damage

5/8/2017

3

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Discolorations

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Discolorations

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Overgrowth Symptoms

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Overgrowth Symptoms

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Undergrowth Symptoms

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Wilt Symptoms

Page 4: Plant Disease Diagnosis Marathon County Seminar The ......Plant Disease Diagnosis Abiotic Disorders Chlorosis Blossom End Rot Imprelis Injury 2,4-D Injury Urine Damage Salt Damage

5/8/2017

4

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Spatial Patterns

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Symptoms

Temporal Patterns

Plant Disease Diagnosis

The Disease Triangle

Susceptible Host

PathogenFavorableEnvironment

Disease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Pathogens

Macroscopic Examination

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Pathogens

Microscopic Examination

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Pathogens

Microscopic Examination

Page 5: Plant Disease Diagnosis Marathon County Seminar The ......Plant Disease Diagnosis Abiotic Disorders Chlorosis Blossom End Rot Imprelis Injury 2,4-D Injury Urine Damage Salt Damage

5/8/2017

5

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Pathogens

Microscopic Examination

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Pathogens

Microscopic Examination

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Pathogens

Incubations and Isolations

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Pathogens

Bioassays

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Pathogens

Serological Techniques

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Pathogens

DNA-Based Techniques

Page 6: Plant Disease Diagnosis Marathon County Seminar The ......Plant Disease Diagnosis Abiotic Disorders Chlorosis Blossom End Rot Imprelis Injury 2,4-D Injury Urine Damage Salt Damage

5/8/2017

6

Plant Disease Diagnosis

The Disease Triangle

Susceptible Host

PathogenFavorableEnvironment

Disease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

NoDisease

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Favorable Environment

• Collect information on weather

– Rainfall vs. drought

– Driving vs. gentle rain

– Humidity

– Hail

– High winds

– Hot vs. cold temperatures

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Favorable Environment

• Collect information on weather

– Winter conditions

• Snow cover

• Ice sheets

• Freezing and thawing

• Fall/winter transitions

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Favorable Environment

• Collect information on soils

– Clay vs. sandy

– Well vs. poorly drained

– Flat vs. sloped

– Fertility and pH

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Favorable Environment

• Collect information on chemical sources

– Fertilizer applications

– Pesticide applications

– Air pollutant point sources

– Heating systems

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Putting It All Together

Drought

+

++

+

Diplodia Tip Blight

Page 7: Plant Disease Diagnosis Marathon County Seminar The ......Plant Disease Diagnosis Abiotic Disorders Chlorosis Blossom End Rot Imprelis Injury 2,4-D Injury Urine Damage Salt Damage

5/8/2017

7

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Putting It All TogetherPlant Disease Diagnosis

New Diseases

Koch’s Postulates

• Link a pathogen with symptoms on a given host

• Isolate the pathogen in pure culture

• Inoculate plants and reproduce symptoms

• Re-isolate the pathogen from inoculated plants

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Abiotic Disorders

Chlorosis

Blossom End Rot

Imprelis Injury

2,4-D Injury Urine Damage

Salt Damage

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Abiotic Disorders

Cold Injury

Heat Injury

Drought Stress

Winter Injury Improper Planting

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Non-Diseases

Maple Eyespot Gall

Broad Mite Injury

Stink Horns

Slime Mold

Plant Disease Diagnosis

Where to Go for Help

Plant Disease Diagnostics ClinicDepartment of Plant Pathology

University of Wisconsin-Madison1630 Linden Drive

Madison, WI 53706-1598

(608) [email protected]

http://pddc.wisc.edu

Follow on Facebook and Twitter @UWPDDC


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