Plans and PlanningPlans and Planning

Plan: A detailed scheme, program, or method worked

out beforehand for the accomplishment of an

objective.

Types of PlansTypes of Plans Financial Wedding Event Estate Military Kitchen

DefinitionDefinition Planning: The process of preparing a detailed

scheme……..to accomplish an objective. Planning is future-oriented and comprehensive. It seeks to link knowledge and action in ways

that improve the quality of public and private development decisions affecting people and places.

Planning embraces visionary and utopian thinking, yet also recognizes that the implementation of plans requires the reconciliation of present realities.

Purpose of Urban Purpose of Urban PlanningPlanning Promote the public good; Help meet human needs in a

manner that enhances the quality and distribution of resources in the physical, social and economic environment; and

Advocate an open, informed and inclusive public decision making process to reach rational decisions.

HistoryHistory Lake Dwellers Rome Paris Barcelona Washington, DC Chicago, IL

RomeRome

ParisParis

Washington, DCWashington, DC

Chicago, ILChicago, IL

Traditional ThemesTraditional Themes Land Use Environment Transportation Economic Development Housing Infrastructure

Land Use MapLand Use Map

EnvironmentEnvironment

TransportationTransportation

Economic Economic DevelopmenDevelopmentt

HousingHousing

InfrastructureInfrastructure

Early ApproachesEarly Approaches Dealt largely with how to create a healthy,

attractive, efficient, and safe community. Focused on forms, patterns, locations, and

interrelationships of streets, public and private building sites, parks and recreation areas, shopping and industrial districts, etc.

Explored closely related legal and social issues like public control of land use and building height, bulk, and housing standards.

Modern ApproachesModern Approaches Embraces virtually all aspects of

urban public administration: Environmental protection Economic development Crime prevention Conflict resolution Prevention of gender, racial, ethnic,

and age discrimination

Current ExamplesCurrent Examples Portland, OR Boulder, CO Teton County, WY Davis, CA

Portland, ORPortland, OR

Boulder, COBoulder, CO

Teton County, WYTeton County, WY

Davis, CADavis, CA

Traditional Planning Traditional Planning ProcessProcess Rational Planning

Applies rational decisionmaking to planning process

Typical elements: goal setting, Identification of policy alternatives, Evaluation of means against ends, and Implementation of decisions with feedback

loops and repetition of steps

Rational Planning Rational Planning ProcessProcess Formulation of goals and objectives Identification and design of major

alternatives Prediction of consequences of each

alternative Evaluation of consequences in relation to

desired objectives and values Decision based on information provided in

the preceding steps Implementation of decision Feedback and assessment of results

Requirements for Requirements for Rational PlanningRational Planning Well defined problem Alternatives to consider Baseline information Complete information about the

consequences of each alternative Information about the values and

preferences of citizens Adequate time, skill, and resources.

AlternativesAlternatives Incremental

Push and pull approach “Satisficing”

Advocacy Social justice

Radical Grass roots

Legal IssuesLegal Issues Status of the plan Relationship of the plan and the

zoning ordinance Jurisdictions

ProblemsProblems Scale Participation Representation Equity Sustainability Economy Natural systems Politics Values