planning with floods in the lower mekong basin. 1/28 the agenda regulation
TRANSCRIPT
Planning with floods
in the Lower Mekong Basin
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The agendaRegulation
The agendaInfrastructure
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The agendaLand use
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The agendaBenefits of floods
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The agenda
Need to protect population, agriculture, infrastructure, environment
Need to protect population, agriculture, infrastructure, environment
Growing economic activity in flood-prone areas
Growing economic activity in flood-prone areas
Flood management
Interventions: Land use, infrastructure
Interventions: Land use, infrastructure
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reservoirsreservoirs
land useland use
embankmentsembankments
waterwayswaterways
roadsroads
regulatorsregulators
The agendaCross-border effects
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• Natural (physical/ecological) cause-effect relations (e.g. flow resistance and flood risk)
• Structural interaction, 'neighbour relations' (economy, infrastructure) (e.g. channel depth of a regional waterway; or regional tourism)
• Immaterial relations (e.g. knowledge-sharing)
Cross-border effects
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The basics
Apart from the climate, the flood risk depends on
... the runoff
... the flow resistance - upstream & downstream
... the storage capacity
... structural protection
... all of which respond to intervention!
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The vulnerability to floods depend on
... the flood risk
... land use in flood-prone areas
... awareness and preparedness
... options for response & mitigation
... all of which can be planned for & managed!
The basics
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Risk
Vulnerability
The basics
... which is partly manageable!
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Damage
Exposure
Sensitivity
Benefits
... which can beless manageable!
What is 'flood management'?
... structural protection (dykes)
... flood proofing
... land use management
... water management (storage operation)
... awareness and preparedness (incl. FF)
... capacity-building, research, knowledge-sharing
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The MRC FMMPFlood Management & Mitigation Programme
• A development objective
• A strategy
• An implementation plan(or 'action plan')
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The MRC FMMPDevelopment objective
• "people's suffering and economic losses due to floods are prevented, minimized, or mitigated, while preserving the environmental benefits of floods."
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Jul-Oct 2000 Serious floods in the LMB
Oct 2000 MRC Council initiative
Feb 2001 Consultation workshop
Aug - Sep 2001 Consultations, workshops
Nov 2001 FMM strategy endorsed by Council
Feb 2002 FF expert meeting
Apr 2002 1st Annual Flood Forum
July - Oct 2002 Consultations, workshops
Nov 2002 FMMP approved by Council
The MRC FMMPChronology
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Draft FMMPDraft FMMP
FMMP componentsFMMP components
National workshopsNational workshops
Revised draft FMMPRevised draft FMMP
Regional workshopRegional workshop
Final draft FMMPFinal draft FMMP
... with participation by NMCs, line agencies, IOs, CSOs, donors
... continuous dialogue with other MRC programmes
The MRC FMMPFormulation process
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• Flood forecast services
• Information center
• Forum on floodplain management and flood preparedness
• Coordination of floodplain management
• Analytical services, setting of standards
• Neutral mediator of transboundary issues
• Capacity building and technology transfer
The MRC FMMPStrategic roles of MRC
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The MRC FMMPImplementation
FMM strategyFMM strategy
Guiding principlesGuiding principles PrioritiesPriorities
Fields of interventionFields of intervention
FMMP componentsFMMP components
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• Basinwide significance;• involve upstream partners;• poverty alleviation & gender issues;• sustainability;• participatory approach;• integrated action, avoidance of duplication;• ecological benefits; and• feasibility.
The MRC FMMPGuiding principles
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MRC role
element
MRC role
element
Technical products & services provider
Technical products & services provider
Addressing differences & facilitation
Addressing differences & facilitation
Land use planningLand use planning
Structural measures Structural measures
Flood preparednessFlood preparedness
Capacity-building & technology transfer
Capacity-building & technology transfer
Emergency response Emergency response
The MRC FMMPFields of MRC intervention
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MRC role
element
MRC role
element
Technical products & services provider
Technical products & services provider
Addressing differences & facilitation
Addressing differences & facilitation
Land use planningLand use planning Medium priorityMedium priority Medium priorityMedium priority
Structural measures Structural measures High priorityHigh priority High priorityHigh priority
Flood preparednessFlood preparedness High priorityHigh priority Low priorityLow priority
Capacity-building & technology transfer
Capacity-building & technology transfer
Medium priorityMedium priority
Medium priorityMedium priority
Medium priorityMedium priority
Emergency response Emergency response Medium priorityMedium priority Low priorityLow priority High priorityHigh priority
The MRC FMMPFields of MRC intervention
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• 6 components
• 15 sub-components
• 39 outputs
• 52 activities
... over 6 years
Regional FMM CenterRegional FMM Center
Land use planningLand use planning
Structural measuresStructural measures
Flood proofingFlood proofing
Transboundary mediationTransboundary mediation
Emergency management Emergency management
The MRC FMMPImplementation
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FMMPFMMP Capacity-building Capacity-building
Agriculture, irrigation, forestryAgriculture, irrigation, forestry
Fisheries Fisheries NavigationNavigation
Water resources & hydrologyWater resources & hydrology
The MRC FMMPInterfaces
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2 different needs
• FMMP: A flood management strategy for MRC
• BDP: A flood management strategy for LMB
Within MRC's mandate & capacity
Within MRC's mandate & capacity
Full suite of LMBissues, potential, concerns
Full suite of LMBissues, potential, concerns
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Why a BDP FM strategy?
The Mekong Agreement
§ 1: To cooperate in ... irrigation, hydropower, navigation, flood control, fisheries ... to optimize the ... mutual benefits ... and to minimize the harmful effects ...
§ 2: a BDP ... to identify, categorize and prioritize the projects and programs ... at the basin level
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Strategy formulation
• A strategy must be agreed between the countriesand supported by stakeholders
• It must provide for identification and ranking of proposed interventions
• It may be more or lesspassive or proactive
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Strategy formulation
• Soft: 'The flood risk should be duly considered whenever relevant'
• Medium: 'The flood risk must not increase'
• Hard: 'The flood risk in area A must be less than once in 25 years'
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Inter-sector relations
Flood management
Irrigated agricultureWatershed management FisheriesHydropowerNavigation, river worksEnvironment Socio-economics
Side effects,risks,
synergies, inconsisten-
cies
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Good strategies... provide:
• Attractive & achievable development goals
• Added value of integrated action
• Balance between stakeholder interests
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Proactive planningaction-oriented, often at sector level
• Describe the desired future situation
• Find out what is required to achieve it
• Find out what others are doing
• Find out what needs to be done
• Do it!
Regulatory planningless proactive, often inter-disciplinary
• Describe priorities and concerns
• Describe trends, opportunities, threats, linkages
• Sort out inconsistencies, develop synergies
• Provide regulatory framework and knowledge
FMMPFMMP BDP ... regional planning
process ... watershed management
& flood management... identification of
projects
BDP ... regional planning
process ... watershed management
& flood management... identification of
projects
The MRC FMMPInterfaces
FMMPFMMP ENV ... environmental decision
support... SEA framework... environmental flows ... support studies &
research facilitation
ENV ... environmental decision
support... SEA framework... environmental flows ... support studies &
research facilitation
The MRC FMMPInterfaces
FMMPFMMP WUP ... data & information... modelling package... analysis of flow and
waterlevels
WUP ... data & information... modelling package... analysis of flow and
waterlevels
The MRC FMMPInterfaces