planning nursing management

7/29/2019 Planning Nursing Management

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OBJECTIVES:

Define planning.

Discuss the principles of

planning.Enumerate the purpose of

planning.

Discuss the stages of planning.


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Explain the planning steps and process.

Forecasting or estimating the future.

Philosophy and objectives.

Identify planning strategies.

Setting the time frame.

Preparing the budget.

Discuss the types of planning.

Identify factors that are resistant toplanning.


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A plan of action for the foreseeable future

Selecting missions, objectives, and

actions, and requires decision making

Includes the WHY, the WHAT, the

WHEN, and the WHO


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Manages, Clarifies, and Focuses the

institution for project development

Serves as organizations framework

Pursue business strategies over the

next 3 5 years


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Based and focused on the vision,

mission philosophy and clearly

defined objectives.

Continuous process.

Utilizes all available resources.


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Precise in its scope andnature.

Time-bounded.Must be properly documented.


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Increases chance of success

Improves decisions

Establishes a framework for

decisionsOrients people to action rather

than reaction


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Includes day-to-day and future-

focused managing

Avoids crisis management

Provides basis for managing

performance

Increases employee involvement

Cost-effective


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Stage 1 Analysis of Opportunities

Stage 2 Identify Aim of Plan

Stage 3 Explore Options

Stage 4 Select the Best Option

Stage 5 Detailed Planning

Stage 6 Evaluation of Plan

Stage 7 Implementing Change

Stage 8 Closing the Plan


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STAGE 1


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Formal Analysis

Strength and WeaknessOpportunities and Threats


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Discovering the risk

Estimating the risk factorManaging the risk factor

Regular monitoring of the applied

strategy


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STAGE 2


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Sharpens the focus of plan

Best expressed in a simple single

sentence

Can be presented as:

Vision Statement Mission Statement


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Vision

The highest quality of patient careprovided through the advancement of

nursing practice.

Mission

Provide science-based, technologically

precise, compassionately deliverednursing care.


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What do I want the future to be?

What benefits do I want to give?

What returns do I seek?

What standards am I aiming at?

What values do I and my organization

believe in?


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STAGE 3


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Generate as many options as

possible

Come up with less obvious but better

solutions

Improve best ideas with parts fromother ideas


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STAGE 4


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Carry out detailed planning, costing,

and risk assessment2 useful tools in selecting the best

option:

Grid Analysis

Decision Tree


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STAGE 5


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Working out the most efficient and

effective way of achieving the aimDetermine who will do what,

when, where, how, and why, and

at what cost.


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State the current situation

Have a clear aim

Use the resources available

Detail the tasks to be carried out

Detail control mechanisms

Identify risks and plan for contingencies


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STAGE 6


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Investigate other options

Accept that no plan is needed or shouldbe implemented


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PMI (Plus/Minus/Interesting)

Cost/ Benefit Analysis

Force Field Analysis

Cash Flow Forecast

6 Thinking Hats


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STAGE 7


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Your plan will explain HOW

Include details the controls that you will

use to monitor the execution of the plan


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STAGE 8


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Carry out an evaluation of the project

Are there any lessons you can learn? Evaluation of project planning and see if

it can be improved


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Planning Steps/

Process

1 F ti ti ti


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1. Forecasting or estimating

the future

Forecasting- deals with the future.

Estimating - deals with the present and

the past.


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It analyzes the past, current and futureforces that affect the organization

- Expectation of outside/ inside interests

- Environment, demographic, resources,legal, technological factors should also beconsidered


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- Establishing nursing diagnosis and

interventions

- Prioritization

2 Defining the Philosophy and


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2. Defining the Philosophy and

Objectives

Mission:A statement of purpose that

described the performance, what it

should be and what it will be.

Goal: Is the aim, intention, terminal

point, anticipated outcome of every

action


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Philosophy: Values and beliefs by the

nursing administration and practice w/in

an organization , on what the

management and practice are/shouldbe


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It states belief as to how the mission is

achieve

Ex. We believe that: We are dedicated

to providing the most effective and

efficient patient care.


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Objective: They are action commitment

on how to achieve the mission and

retained the philosophy (the what).


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Characteristics of

objectives


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Specific

Measurable

Attainable

Realistic and challenging

Time-bounded


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Identifying Strategies

St t i


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Strategies

are series of actions or behaviors that

assist planners in achieving the

objectives


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The Planning Formula(Kron)


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WHATWhat should be done? What

equipment and supplies have been used

or are needed? What steps are

necessary in the procedure? What otherefficient methods may be used?


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WHENWhen should the job be done?

When was it formerly done? When could

it be done?


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WHEREWhere is the job being done?

Where does an activity occur in relation

to those activities immediately preceding

and following it? Where supplies couldbe stored, cleaned and so forth?


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HOWHow will the job be done? What

are the steps to be followed in doing the

procedure? How will the time and

energy of the personnel be used? Howmuch will it cost? How much time will it

require?


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WHOWho has been doing the job?

Who else could do it? Is more than one

person involved?


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WHYto each of the question, ask why.

Why is this job, this procedure, this step

necessary? Why is this done in this way,

in this place, at this time, by this person?


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CANCan some steps or equipment be

eliminated? Can this activity be

efficiently combined with other

operations? Can somebody else do itbetter? Can we get a machine to help?

Can we get enough money?


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Setting the TimeFrame


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Time management

is a technique for allocating ones time

through the setting of goals, assigning

priorities, identifying and eliminating

wasted time

using managerial techniques to each

goals efficiently


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Time Management

Principles


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Anticipating future problems

Prioritization of tasks

Setting deadlines

Delegation of works

Coordination and support


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Role of Nurse In Time

Planning


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1. Leadership Roles

2. Management functions


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Leadership Roles

a. Is self aware .

b. Functions as role model.

c.Assists the follower .

d. Prevents and /or filters

interruptions.


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e. Prioritizes professional over

technical aspects.

f. Role-models flexibility .g. To be vigilant for absenteeism

h. Setting standards , monitoring

results


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Management functions

a.Appropriately prioritizes day to

day planning.

b.Analyses the adequacy .c. Utilizes appropriate technology .

d. Daily planning is to be done.


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e. Setting long-range or short-

range goals.

f. Plan strategies and schedules

the jobs.g. Delegation of the job to

others


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Time-saving Techniques,Devices, and Methods


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- Conduct an inventory of activities

- Setting goals and objectives

- Time planner

- Break down large projects into smaller

parts.


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- Organizing work place

- Learn to delegate

- In a meeting, define the purpose clearly

before starting

- Develop effective decision-making skills


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Preparing the Budget

Budget


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Budget

is an annual plan, intended to guide

effective use of human and material

resources, products or services, and

managing the environment to improve

productivity. Swansburg, R. (2002)


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Identifies how much should be kept for

essential and regular expenses as well

as non-essential spending and areas

where spending can be reduced.


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In nursing, budgetary planning helps

ensure that clients or patients receive the

nursing services they want and need from

satisfied nursing workers.


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A good budget is based on objectives; is

simple, flexible, and balanced; has

standards; and uses available resources

first to avoid increasing costs


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a systematic plan that is an informedbest estimate by nurse administrators of

revenues and nursing expenses

It projects how revenues will meet

expenses and projects a return on

equity, that is, profit.


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The budget should be stated in terms of

attainable objectives to maintain motivation

of nurses at the unit of cost-center level.


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The nursing budget serves three

purposes:

1. To plan the objectives, programs, and

activities of nursing services and the

fiscal resources needed to accomplish

them.


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2. To motivate nursing workers through

analysis of actual experiences.

3. To serve as a standard to evaluate the

performance of nurse administrators and

managers and increase awareness of

costs.


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1. Determine the productivity goal

2. Forecast the workload

3. Budget patient care hours

4. Budget patient care hours and staffing

schedule


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5. Plan non-productive hours

6. Chart productive and non-productive

time 7. Estimate cost of supply and service

8. Anticipate capital expenses


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1. Formulation Stage

2. Review and Enactment

3. Execution Stage


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Method of budgeting used to controlcosts

Type of budget where no program istaken for granted and each program

must be justified each time funds are

requested.


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Part of budget planning

Includes items such continuing

education program, employees benefitfares, and health promotion program.


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It determines a range of volume instead

of an actual volume which is much moredifficult to plan


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-Dimensions are based on time span

and complexity or comprehensiveness.


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what are the right things to do

a.k.a. long range planning


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It is a long-term plan and includes the

development of overall organizational

goals and objectives, major initiatives,

taking into consideration external

environmental factors that affect the

operations on a long-term basis


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how does one do things right

a.k.a. operational or short range

planning


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It is concerned with the efficient, day-to-

day maintenance activities or use of

resources allocated to the unit and

directed towards the fulfillment of unit

objectives


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look at a shorter time frames, have a

narrower scope, and focus in more

detail (Arndt & Huckabay)


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similar to operating plans, involves

mapping out the day-to-day activities


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- Resistance almost always

accompanies change because change

alters the balance of a group


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Kotter and Schlesinger cited 4 reasons

for resistance to change:


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Self-interest

Misunderstanding

Low tolerance to change

Different perspectives on the

situation


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Ford and McNamara listed othersources of resistance:

Complacency

Resignation

Cynicism


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Communicate

Involve

Support


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Negotiate

Co-opt

Coerce

planning nursing management

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