planning for vulnerable to exclusion user groups, how to

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Urban Mobility Days 2020

Urban Mobility Days, 2 October 2020

Training session:

Planning for vulnerable to exclusion user groups,how to make your SUMP more inclusive for all



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• Guidance documents

• Initiatives

• Training opportunities

European support to prepare, develop and implement a Sustainable Urban Mobility Plan




The EU SUMP Platform organises annual conferences to promote the concept of SUMPs across the EU (now merged in the UMD 2020).

The conferences highlight the latest developments in urban mobility planning, foster the exchange of ideas and experiences and offer a networking opportunity:

• Sopot (Poland) in 2014

• Bucharest (Romania) in 2015

• Bremen (Germany) in 2016

• Dubrovnik (Croatia) in 2017

• Nicosia (Cyprus) in 2018

• Groningen (The Netherlands), 17 and 18 June 2019

Annual EU Conferences on SUMPs

http://www.eltis.org/participate/events/1st-european-conference-sustainable-urban-mobility-plans

http://www.eltis.org/participate/events/2nd-european-conference-sustainable-urban-mobility-plans-sumps

http://www.eltis.org/discover/news/3rd-european-conference-sustainable-urban-mobility-plans

http://www.eltis.org/discover/news/4th-european-conference-sustainable-urban-mobility-plans

http://www.eltis.org/discover/news/5th-european-conference-sustainable-urban-mobility-plans

http://www.eltis.org/sump2019




A wealth of information on how to develop and implement a SUMP, including:

• Information about the elements of a SUMP

• Guidelines on the process of developing and implementing a SUMP

• Selected tools, guides, handbooks and reports to support urban mobility professionals in their work

• Case studies that analyse selected local examples of the development and implementation of mobility plans

• A database on the involvement of cities in EU activities related to sustainable urban mobility planning

www.eltis.org/mobility-plans

The Mobility Plans portal

http://www.eltis.org/mobility-plans




Housekeeping rules

• This session is going to be recorded

• Please keep the microphone muted when not speaking

• Use the Q&A box to write your questions




How is this training structured?

PART I Understanding the challenge

• What are we dealing with?• What is mobility poverty?• Social layers: why we need to start from

them?• How can you identify mobility poverty in

our city?

LET’S THINK TOGETHER…• Which are according to your experience,

the most relevant unattended mobility needs of the different groups?

PART II Planning to favour social inclusion

• How transport systems could be redesigned to favour social inclusion?

• Strategy development for an inclusive SUMP• Measure planning for an inclusive SUMP

LET’S THINK TOGETHER…• Which are according to your experience, the

most suitable measures to tackle the travel needs of the different groups?




Simone BOSETTI

• Chair of the Coordinating Group of the European Platform on Sustainable Urban Mobility Plans

Cosimo CHIFFI

• Senior expert in design of sustainable mobility actions

• Main fields of expertise: cycling and walking mobility, zero emission logistics and flexible/inclusive collective passenger transport

• Key expert in the H2020 HiReachproject

Sofia PECHIN

• Expert in urban and transport planning

• Master and bachelor degree in Architecture and Urban planning

• Experience in architecture, research, urban design projects and Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning

The trainers

• Project coordinator of the H2020 HiReach project, dealing with transport equity and inclusion




Let’s introduce each other

• Where do you work?• City authority (technician)• City authority (decision maker)• Transport authority or operator• Mobility expert / consultancy• University / academia• Association / NGO• Student• Other

• Are you familiar with the concept of transport / mobility poverty?• Yes• No




PART I: Understanding the challenge



11

What are we dealing with?

But above all…

AVOIDING TO PLAN FOR“white middle-aged men living in urban areas with a smartphone”



12

What are we dealing with?

STRENGTHEN THE SUMP CAPACITY TO IMPROVE QUALITY OF LIFE FOR

ALL CITIZENS AND CITY USERS



13

What is transport poverty?

A term that refers to the social effects of transport-related deficiencies. Quite often the focus is on transport provision and basic needs

Source: HiReach project

An individual is transport poor if, in order to satisfy their daily basic activity needs, at least one of the following conditions apply:

Availability:

No suitable transport option available

Accessibility:

Transport options do not reach destinations and opportunities

Affordability:

High cost burden

Adequacy:

Travel conditions are dangerous, unsafe or unhealthy for the individual.

Time budget:

Excessive amount of time in travel



14

From transport poverty to mobility poverty

In a wider mobility poverty perspective the focus is also on “motility”– the potential to move –thus linked also to values and abilities that are crucial for understanding and navigating a mobility system




15

From transport poverty to mobility poverty

Big implications on • the definition of

specific objectives • the design of SUMP

strategies • the selection of

measures




16

Expanding the spatial perspective




17

Social layers: why we need to start from them?




18

We need to understand citizen and city user´s mobility needs, abilities and their social-geographical specificities in order to develop an inclusive SUMP

This is an underlying and guiding principle not a standalone activity



19

Children and youth


• negative impacts on children’s health and safety of increased traffic• reduced independent mobility

• especially pupils and students, are the most frequent users of public transportation• car use is increasing less than before, or even declining, for young people who seem to

be less car-oriented than previous generations• new status symbols are not cars but internet and phones

• cycling is more fashionable amongst young urban professionals than driving• poor availability of public transport and high fares may prevent young people from having

access to education, work and social interactions, especially for those living in rural areas and /or low-income families



20

Elderly


• public transport plays a crucial role, especially in rural areas, supporting an independent life and access to basic services, and reducing social isolation

• people continue to be active for more years, resulting from improved health, more travelling options, better foreign-language skills, and lifestyles (“forever young” megatrend)

• experience mobility limitations caused by increasing cognitive problems and physical impairments

• in using public transport, face many transport-related barriers linked to difficulties in reaching bus stops or accessing vehicles, fear of falling and apprehensions about personal security,

difficulties in reading timetables and destinations• deterioration of the ability to drive



21

Women and single parents


• more likely to use public transportation than men (in general less access to private vehicles)

• public transport plays a crucial role in empowerment, access to opportunities and independence

• poor mobility and access to transport can prevent women from entering the labour market or lead to choose less profitable jobs because they are closer to home or easier to travel to

• engaged in childcare, domestic work and caring for elderly, sick or disabled relatives and therefore

more likely to work part-time, take on jobs nearer or better connected to home (even if

low-paid), or to decide not to work at all• more likely to combine trips/make trip chains than to make separate trips: commuter services

may cater less to women



22

People with reduced mobility


• wide diversity of impairments: reduced vision, reduced hearing, reduced movement, psychologically/mentally cognitively challenged

• travel less than non-disabled even if they have similar needs

• rely on private transport and depend on the support of relatives• access to transport has a significant impact on the quality of life and independence

• less likely to benefit from access to standard transport options if they are not designed taking their needs into account

• Most frequent mode of transport of this segment is the car as passenger• accessible transport information systems relevant for people with sensory

impairment or learning disabilities



23

People living in rural and deprived areas


• wide variation in PT use with respect to the level of urbanisation: residents in large towns are almost twice as likely to use urban public transport as those in small to middle-sized or in rural villages

• observed differences in the use of public transport reflect not only the availability, but also the accessibility, of public transport in terms of proximity to bus, metro or tram stations

• in rural areas mobility needs are mostly satisfied by the use of cars, and usually forced to own one

• people living in remote and low-density rural areas usually have to cope with poor and infrequent public transport services

• walking and cycling is unsafe, and often unpractical



24

Low income and unemployed


• particularly reliant on local public transport services, since in many cases they cannot afford a private car or other means of transport

• the use of cars is closely related to income levels

• in remote areas often rely on private vehicles, posing a substantial financial burden on households (forced car ownership)

• availability of public transport and affordable fares affect employment opportunities and access to basic services

• less mobile, limiting themselves to those compulsory trips, such as to work, health services or food shops



25

Migrants and ethic minorities


• less likely to own a car than natives, owing to their less favourable economic conditions (buying a car and getting a driver’s license is costly)

• car access is lower among female migrants than among males, the gender gap being wider than that observed in the case of natives

• more likely to walk and to use public transport than natives, even if female migrants may find the latter less comfortable because of security issues

• cycling appears to be more popular among natives than among migrants, especially women

• language barriers and racial/religious discrimination• Tend to live together in communities in low income areas



26

Which transport condition affect each group?


SOCIAL GROUPS AVAILABILITY ACCESSIBILITY AFFORDABILITY ADEQUACY AWARENESS

Low income and unemployed

✓ ✓

Elderly people ✓ ✓ ✓

People with reduced mobility

✓ ✓

Women ✓ ✓ ✓

Migrants and ethnic minorities

✓ ✓

Children and young people

✓ ✓ ✓

People living in rural and deprived areas

✓ ✓ ✓



27Source: HiReach project



28Source: HiReach project



29

Preparation and analysis

SUMP PHASE 1

Enrich the core team (1.2)

Correctly plan involvement of vulnerable groups (1.4)

Detail the geographical scope (2.1)



30

What are our resources?

What is our planning context?

Desk and fieldwork activities start!



31

The importance of data sources

Open data (Municipal, Regional and National) are primary sources

Need of fine grained data

Data gaps orientate the involvement of vulnerable groups (focus groups, surveys) but also measure planning (inclusive mobility options needs proper data!)

SUMP PHASE 1



32

How can we identify mobility poverty in our city?

CROSS-CHECKING EVIDENCE WITH VULNERABLE GROUPS

This is how to co-design the SUMP

EXPLORING SOCIO-ECONOMIC TRENDS AND LANDSCAPES

Socio-economic data and indicators help us to identify which are the

most relevant and vulnerable social groups in our city

ASSESSING CURRENT TRANSPORT SUPPLY AND DEMAND

To understand what is missing, we first need to understand what we already have in terms of infrastructure and mobility services and if there’s an

unmet demand

SUMP PHASE 1



33

Collect key data and indicators

- Demographic trends, age pyramid

- Population distribution and density rates

- Residents with physical and/or cognitive impairments

- Expats and ethnic minorities

- Employment and income rates

- Levels of education

- Car ownership rates city vs. province

- Gender-related (single parents, work-life balance, kids<4y/women15-49y)

- …

SUMP PHASE 1




35

Start with basic and largely available data


Tirana Genova

SUMP PHASE 1



36

Always assume a spatial perspective in analysing data


SUMP PHASE 1

Source: Tirana SUMP



37

Always assume a spatial perspective: built up areas, density and flows


SUMP PHASE 1



38

Integrate research and civil society actions

Quite often universities, research centres and civil society organisations (NGOs) have already conducted in-depth analysis on vulnerabilities and social exclusion phenomena

Try to isolate mobility-related aspects and put key messages in dedicated sections or box

Look for relevant studiesand build-up relevant partnerships

SUMP PHASE 1




39

• Taxis• Private hire vehicles• Vehicle sharing (NTCs)• Ride hailing (NTCs)

Explore the broad range of mobility services and options


SUMP PHASE 1

• Conventional PT• DRT • Transport for PRM• School Transport

• Community transport services

• Peer-to-peer ridesharing• Community vehicles



40

Try to answer to some key questions

What kind of services are in my city?How do they work? Where do they serve?

How is their level of accessibility?Is information available and legible?Can everyone purchase these services?

SUMP PHASE 1

Explore the broad range of mobility services and options




41

Check accessibility and adequacy of facilities and infrastructures


SUMP PHASE 1

Are streets and sidewalks accessible and safe?Is there a complete mapping of physical barriers and quality of walking paths?How different vulnerable groups use the public and road space?

Try to answer to some key questions



42

Investigate perceptions, attitudes and unattended needs

Use qualitative data, shape Surveys, involve stakeholders and organisefocus groups to fine tune the emergence of problems and needs

• ATTITUDINAL SURVEYS• INTERVIEWS• FOCUS GROUPS• USE CASES/PILOTS

SUMP PHASE 1

CROSS-CHECKING EVIDENCE WITH VULNERABLE GROUPS



43

Good examples, the case of ViennaParticipative process for inclusion – FAIRNESS CHECK

Vienna – STEP 2025

The three key items are as follows:• housing• free or green space• Mobility

Focus on Urban Mobility Plan and the inclusive approachFAIRNESS CHECK



44

Good examples, the case of ViennaParticipative process for inclusion

Team for Mobility▪ Creating a broad basis▪ Involving implementers▪ Focus on future processes

Fairness Check

Citizens Council

▪ Constructive analysis▪ 8-80 (and more) approach▪ To avoid “forgetting” groups

with special needs

▪ Neutral, quality input▪ Can help you with good arguments▪ Focus on strong messages

Three methods



45

Diversity net

Target groups

inter-subjective and discursive method with experts of

young personspersons with restricted mobility persons affected by poverty

caregiverscommuterspersons who are not familiar with technology

TransportGender mainstreaming Human rights

DisabilitiesCitizen involvement

Good examples, the case of Vienna

Fairness Check



46

Let’s think together…

White Board• Which are according to your experience, the most relevant

unattended travel needs of the different groups?

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1wjWgk7GefWsW2n2d6xkrrZojF3MN

settRpP4NL6EjQM/edit?usp=sharing




PART II: Planning to favour inclusive mobility



48

How transport systems could be redesigned to favour inclusive mobility?

As we already know, many measures are heavily dependent on EU financial support, and some are difficult to incorporate into ordinary public transport policies at local, regional and national level owing to public budget constraints.

However, some of the measures implemented do not require large-scale investment, but

rather, above all, mainstreaming of the social inclusion perspective in transport policies.

Taking into account the needs of vulnerable to exclusion user groups while preparing our SUMP

Strategy development Measure planning

PHASE 2

PHASE 3




Strategy development for an inclusive SUMP

Strategy development

SUMP PHASE 2



50


The importance of the social sustainability of urban transport cannot

be underestimated; it is a key prerequisite for social development.

Give space to CO-CREATION, listen to stakeholders and target groups

Design strategies that take into account the identified problems and needs

Create a vision that is JUST FOR ALL


SUMP PHASE 2

USER ORIENTED APPROACH



51

Making Public Transport wider, more efficient, integrated, attractive and inclusive

Fostering a kids-centered design and use of city streets and urban spaces to increase accessibility, attractiveness and safety

Bring ITS technologies, digital solutions, e-mobility closer to people. User (and non yet user) friendly approach


Examples of SUMP strategies


SUMP PHASE 2




Measure planning for an inclusive SUMP

Measure planning

SUMP PHASE 3



53


We need to find ways to combine efficiency with

equity by prioritising research and public

spending on those measures that appear to be most

effective in supporting social inclusion at lower costs.

Measure planning

Give space to CO-CREATION, listen to stakeholders and target groups

Choose a set of measures that take into account the identified problems and needs

Maintain a social inclusion perspective to identify priorities

SUMP PHASE 3



54


Making Public Transport wider, more efficient, integrated, attractive and inclusive

• Improving access to education and work

• Improving availability of transport options

• Increasing awareness and information of public transport staff

• Increasing travel independence

• Reducing fares for selected groups

Measure planning

SUMP PHASE 3

A few examples for each chosen strategy…



55Source: HiReach Deliverable 3.2

On-demand bus driven by unemployedNorthern Luxembourg

• combination of a social project and a mobility service offering door-to-door trips by means of on demand minibuses.

• Originally launched in 2009 by a non-profit organisationwith the objective of coaching, supporting and giving job opportunities to unemployed people as drivers.

• Today is funded by public funds on social services (covering 70% of the cost) with the idea of contributing to the restoration of full employment.

• available in 39 municipalities as supplement to public and private transport

• non-profit approach

• Private sponsors



56

Local link: rural transport scheme Ireland

• Combination of a DRT flexible door-to-door and a scheduled fixed transport

• Managed by voluntary management committees, the so-called Local Link offices

• Integrate more transport options including community/voluntary car schemes, car-sharing, rural hackney services and night time services depending of the needs of the specific areas

• Routing design, communication and marketing provided by NTA

• Service operated by small local companies or not for profit org.

Source: HiReach Deliverable 3.2



57Source: CiVITAS policy note - MEDIATE Good Practice Guide

A disability awareness training session for railways staffLuxembourg

• Theoretical information and practical exercises to give staff experience of the real life situations faced by people with reduced mobility and people with cognitive and sensory disabilities

• The scheme is officially integrated into routine staff training and takes place three or four times a year

• disabled people themselves are engaged in delivering training.



58

• Free service that helps individuals to plan accessible routes and journeys, and provides a mentor to travel with them until they have the confidence to make the journey independently.

• There is a limit of 10 accompanied journeys, but most people need far fewer.

• The service is available to people with any kind of physical, sensory or cognitive impairment

• information, Maps and guides to plan step-free routes

https://tfl.gov.uk/transport-accessibility/learn-to-use-public-transport

Mentoring service for public transport London (United Kingdom)



59Source: https://www.networkwestmidlands.com/tickets-and-passes/jobseekers/ and: HiReach Deliverable 3.2

Public transport supports jobseekersWest Midlands (United Kingdom)

• Workwise travel support offers eligible jobseekers and apprentices 50% off the full-cost price of most selected West Midlands Network (WMN), National Express buses (NX bus) and Metro travel passes for up to 3 months when starting a new job.

“Welcome to Berlin” ticketBerlin (Germany)

• allows refugees to use the public transport for free for a three months period upon their arrival to Berlin

https://www.networkwestmidlands.com/tickets-and-passes/jobseekers/



60


• improving the quality of open spaces

• Increasing use of healthier mobility modes

• Increasing safety and security

Fostering a kids-centered design and use of city streets and urban spaces to increase accessibility, attractiveness and safety

Measure planning

SUMP PHASE 3

What about the second chosen strategy…



61Source: Designing Child-Friendly High Density Neighbourhoods

Playable streetsLondon, United Kingdom

• Part of the laneway is used for local traffic and the other has been permanently shut off for play and leisure.

• In order to create the perception that this is a space that belongs to children, the designers have incorporated playful objects that are scattered along the laneway.

• Playful graphics are painted on the ground to indicate that this is a street where people come first.



62Source: CiVITAS policy note

Safe Travel Routes that enable children's active,independent mobility - Bicibus e PedibusMunicipality of Reggio Emilia (Italy)

• Bicibus consists in groups of primary school children travelling to school by bicycle or foot accompanied by at least two adults (parents, volunteers, grandparents).

• Each group travels along a predefined route which has been made safe and delineated by road surface markings and ‘(bike/foot) bus stops’.



63

Dinamica DonnaParma (Italy)

• The project was carried out after an ad hoc survey on women’s mobility needs by the Municipality of Parma. It includes different mobility services

• pink taxis, thanks to which women can travel by night in safety

• special licenses issued to pregnant women for access to restricted traffic zones or parking zones reserved to women

• Family/cargo bikes to rent

Source: CiVITAS policy note



64


• Promoting travel training and information

• Guaranteeing Foreign language information

• Providing tools that help increasing the use of mobility services

• Making the existing tools available to the people that today are still unable to use them

Bring ITS technologies, digital solutions, e-mobility closer to people. User and (non yet user) friendly approach

Measure planning

SUMP PHASE 3

And the last identified strategy…



65Source: CiVITAS policy note - MEDIATE Good Practice Guide

Language LineGreater Manchester (United Kingdom)

• telephone service which enables customers to talk to staff through translators in almost 200 languages

• Language Line helps tourists and visitors but also deals with the county’s local language needs



66https://www.technologyreview.es/

Stickers to facilitate public transport use by visually impaired peopleBarcelona (Spain)

• Signs in metro and bus stops that are usable by visually impaired people

• Using a smartphone camera and a free app, visually impaired people can scan the codes and listen to the information they store: from public transport schedules to obstacles they must know, or physical descriptions of the surrounding environment.

• The sign can be read by a smartphone at a distance of 12 meters (160 degrees), in less than a second and also while moving

• Possibility to reproduce the information in many different languages



67

Let’s think together…

White Board• Which are according to your experience, the most suitable

measures to tackle the travel needs of the different groups?

https://docs.google.com/spreadsheets/d/1tR3D3f_CEHujN_5Hhk1-

lRAgCa4KywreUUFfMCCVKwU/edit?usp=sharing




What’s next?




References

• CIVITAS Policy Note – Transport poverty• CIVITAS Policy Note – Gender and equality• ELTIS Guidelines for developing and implementing a sustainable urban plan (second edition)• EU-funded Horizon 2020 project, HiReach• Vienna – STEP 2025, Urban Mobility Plan

https://civitas.eu/sites/default/files/civitas_policy_note_transport_poverty.pdf

https://civitas.eu/sites/default/files/civ_pol-an2_m_web.pdf

https://www.eltis.org/sites/default/files/sump_guidelines_2019_interactive_document_1.pdf

https://hireach-project.eu/content/public-deliverables

https://www.wien.gv.at/stadtentwicklung/studien/pdf/b008443.pdf




In what other topic are you interested?

ELTIS plans to deliver online training seminars focusing on Sustainable Urban Mobility Planning

We would like to learn on your interests on providing online training and possible topics.

The poll is multiple choice allowing to tick more than one answer:

I would be interested in online training focusing on:

• setting up and driving the planning process for SUMPs• setting up and driving participation processes as a key element of integrated planning• setting up monitoring and evaluation schemes for SUMPs and how to carry them out• online formats for the planning process in times of social distancing• COVID19 related measures to support sustainable mobility choices• the role of public space as the physical frame for providing urban mobility options• specific details of the topic guides and practitioner briefs• I am not interested in online training



Simone Bosetti

[email protected]

Thank you!

Cosimo Chiffi

[email protected]

Sofia Pechin

[email protected]

planning for vulnerable to exclusion user groups, how to

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