planning for and collecting valid and meaningful drinking water samples
DESCRIPTION
James Latimer Environmental Program Specialist Drinking Water Program AK Dept. of Environmental Conservation E-mail: [email protected]. Planning for and Collecting Valid and Meaningful Drinking Water Samples. 2010 Sustained Compliance Workshop Anchorage, AK Sept 23-24, 2010. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
Planning for and Collecting Valid and Meaningful Drinking Water Samples
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James Latimer Environmental Program Specialist
Drinking Water ProgramAK Dept. of Environmental Conservation
E-mail: [email protected]
2010 Sustained Compliance WorkshopAnchorage, AK
Sept 23-24, 2010
Presentation Summary
Sample Planning – generalized and detailed
Collecting Samples – preparations and procedures
Sample Demonstration – total coliform & chemical Sample Results – understanding results and following through
as needed
Questions
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Sample Planning
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Planning Tools
Total Coliform Sample Siting Plan
Lead & Copper Sample Plan
Planning ahead can be critical to maintaining
an adequate supply of safe and healthy water
To succeed, we need to know (and do):
1. what needs to be done
2. when & where to sample
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Importance of Planning
A Monitoring Summary includes:
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What to sample for & where to sample
How often to sample
Date of last sample
Date next sample is due
Definitions and explanations
DEC contact information
Other Examples of Monitoring Summaries
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Other Planning ToolsPrinted media
e.g., wall or desk calendarElectronic media
e.g., email alerts
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Quarter
Specific Sample PlansThe following sampling plans will not be covered
today:
A source water monitoring plan for Long Term 2 Enhanced Surface Water Treatment Rule (LT2); or
A Stage 2 Disinfectant and Disinfection Byproducts Rule (Stage 2 DBPR) Initial Distribution System Evaluation (IDSE) sampling plan
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Creating, Using, & Modifying a Total Coliform Rule (TCR)
Sample Siting Plan
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Total Coliform Sample Siting Plan (18 AAC 80.410)Who is required to have one?
Applies to Community, Non Transient Non-community, & Transient Non-community public drinking water systems
What it is?Where and when to sample
Routine sampling; and In the event of total coliform positive result:
Within 24 hours, and the following month
Sample site selection is important
Keep a copy readily available onsite, & revise as needed
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DEC TCR Sample Siting Plan* “Template”
* for smaller systems, serving 1000 or less people
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http://dec.alaska.gov/eh/dw/publications/forms.html
System Information
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Quarterly-Monthly Sampling Chart
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What to do if a result is positive/present for total coliform bacteria or E. coli
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Distribution System Schematic
Any formatE.g., engineer schematic, hand-
drawn, notes on satellite image, and others
DEC Drinking Water Program staff review & approve all Total Coliform Sample Siting Plans
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Lead and Copper Sampling Plan (CWS and NTNCWS)
Site selectionBased on materials
evaluation (pipes and fixtures containing lead and/or copper), & use (i.e. residential vs. commercial)
Do not include sites with point-of-use or point-of-entry treatment devices for inorganics (1 exception)
What to do if not enough sites.
Names or IDs of sites should be clear and consistent
Consistent locations provide results that can be compared over time
Accessibility - changesActivity/Inactivity (i.e. , schools)First Draw, after 6 hours with
no-flow Newly replaced pipes or
fixtures may influence results
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Lead and Copper Sampling Plan EssentialsProvide an explanation for selection of sitesProvide clear and complete descriptions and
names for each site, and include alternative sites
Note sample proceduresFlushing proceduresDescribe how 6-hour idle flow time will be met Note if residents will collect samples Emphasize collection from cold water tapEmphasize use of consumptive taps
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Collecting SamplesPreparations
Supplies, Instructions, FormsCollecting samples
Tap or site issuesPotential contaminationContainer specifics
Demonstrations Total ColiformVolatile Organics (VOCs)
Recording & reporting data
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Pre-collection PreparationsSupplies
Sample bottlesValid free chlorine
residual powder packets
Tools & paper towelsCooler (s)Ice & packing
materialsDisinfectant FormsOther items as needed
ArrangementsLab hoursFlightsCoordinate with any
relevant contractorsCourtesy reminders
to home or business owners –ensure access
PaymentsOther items as
situation warrants
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Quiz & Clues –Distribution System
Free Chlorine ResidualSame Time & Location
as each Total Coliform Sample
Collect prior to Total Coliform sample
Free - and check powder packet type & expiration date
There is at least one approved free chlorine residual test strip
When and where do we sample distribution chlorine residual?
Do we sample before or after total coliform sampling, and does it matter?
Is this a free or total chlorine measurement?
How about test strips?
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Distribution Chlorine Residual
21http://dec.alaska.gov/eh/dw/publications/sample.html
Common Methods of Determining Free Chlorine Residual
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Follow instructions provided by the manufacturer
Total Coliform BacteriaSampling Reminders
Arrange transportationKeep enough extra sample
bottles on siteConfirm sample location on
the sample siting planPersonal and area sanitation
is important
Prepare faucet (avoid sampling at drinking water fountains):Disinfect then flush
Fill to 100+ ml - not too little < 100ml gets rejected
Not too much Sample bottles are brittle
Pad for shipping, and do not submit if damaged
Cool, yet not frozenDouble check formsLimited hold time
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Total Coliform Bacteria Sampling
24http://dec.alaska.gov/eh/dw/publications/sample.html
Non-TCR SamplesToday’s Special - VOCs
Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs)
Total Trihalomethanes (TTHM) & Haloacetic Acids (HAA5)
Lead & CopperInorganicsArsenicFluorideand more...
Special bottle/lidOpen septa lid prevents
contamination while allowing for sample extraction at lab
Do not rinse bottleLow tap flowClose to tapBottle angledFill completely - no air
spaceMinimize overflow
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VOC Sampling
27http://dec.alaska.gov/eh/dw/publications/sample.html
Lab Forms
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Partially Completed Forms
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the lab
the lab
Sampling Demonstrations
West aisle Kelly Cobbs (DEC)
East aisle Leticia Tadina
(DEC)
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Reporting Ensure that time and
money are not wasted:Recheck forms &
labels for accuracy & completeness
Label on bottle
Labs are required to report results directly to DEC
PWSs are responsible to ensure that DEC receives results
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Points To Ponder & To Act OnPlan & sample as far
ahead as possibleDevelop, revise, and
keep handy TCR and Pb/Cu sample plans
Understand and use the Monitoring Summary, and use in combination with a calendar or other sample scheduling or tracking media.
Sampling begins and ends with accurately and completely filling out forms
Understand & address sample issues specific to each type of sample collected
Accurate results are very importantWater is very importantYour job is very
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Thee End!??? Questions, comments ???
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