planning for an international audience to save time and money
TRANSCRIPT
Planning for an international
audience to save time and money
RachelPeña
#UXPA2016www.uxpa2016.org
Session Survey:www.uxpa2016.org/sessionsurvey/349ConferenceSurvey:www.uxpa2016.org/survey
Rachel Peñ[email protected]
World Languages (by number of native speakers)
and there are6,889
languages not listed here(not counting dialects)
1. Chinese2. Spanish3. English4. Arabic5. Hindi ( India)6. Bengali (Bangladesh)7. Portuguese8. Russian9. Japanese10. German
11. Javanese ( Indonesia)12. Lahnda (Pakistan)13. Telugu ( India)14. Vietnamese15. Marathi ( India)16. French17. Korean18. Tamil ( India)19. I ta lian20. Urdu (Pakistan)
Potential Costs
00.5
11.5
22.5
33.5
44.5
5
1 Language 2 Languages 10 Languages
No I18NFull I18N
Exponential Increase in Cost
DefinitionsInternationalization is the process of designing a software application so that it can be adapted to various languages and regions without engineering changes.
Internationalization (I18N)
Localization is the process of adapting internationalized software for a specific region or language by adding locale-specific components and translating text.
Localization (L10N)
Globalization is the process of creating content for acceptance by a broader global audience.
Globalization (G11N)
What is Unicode?Unicode provides a unique number for every character, no matter what the platform, no matter what the program, no matter what the language.
So what does that mean?
It means Peña doesn’t become Pe⎕a
LanguagesfamiliesDouble byte Cyrillic Other languages
JapaneseChineseKorean
RomanRussianBulgarian
LaotianFarsiThai
Double bytecharactersA double-byte character set also known as an "expanded 8-bit character set", is an extended single-byte character set, implemented as a code page.
Cyrillic languagesIt is the basis of alphabets used in various languages, past and present, in parts of the Balkans and Northern Eurasia, especially those of Slavic origin, and non-Slavic languages influenced by Russian. Cyrillic is one of the top 5 used writing systems in the world.
LanguagesexpansionSeparate presentation and content, so that font sizes, line heights, etc. can be easily adapted for translated text. You should also bear these ideas in mind when designing database field widths in character lengths.
Expansion chartFor most languages, it is generally safe to prepare for as much as 25%-35% expansion.
Remember that the actual expansion percentages will change depending on the subject matter, writing style, and sentence or string length.
Very short strings of text can expand as much as 100%-300% in length, and longer passages will often expand at the following estimated rates:
Expansion chartExpansion & Contraction Percentages for Translation
Language From English To EnglishAlbanian +15% -5% to -15%Arabic +20% to +25% -20% to -25%Burmese +15% -5% to -15%Catalan +15% -5% to -15%Croatian +15% -5% to -15%Czech +10% -5% to -10%Danish -10% to -15% +10% to +15%Estonian +15% -5% to -15%Finnish -25% to -30% +30% to +40%Flemish +10% -5% to -10%French +15% to +20% -10% to -15%German +10% to +35% -20% to +20%Greek 10% -5% to -15%Hebrew -20% to -30% +20% to +30%Hindi +15% to +35% -15%Italian +10% to +25% -15%Japanese -10% to -55% +20% to +60%Korean -10% to -15% +15% to +20%Norwegian -5% to -10% +5% to +10%Polish +20% to +30% -5% to -15%Portuguese +15% to +30% -5% to -15%Russian +15% -5% to -15%Spanish +15% to +30% -5% to -15%Swedish -10% +10%Thai +15% -5% to -15%
Cultural variation in name structuresStructure
Given Middle Family Suffix
Double family names
Single-word names(Mononyms)
Multiple names, none of Which are historic familynames passed from generation to generation
Places used
Many, with slight variations
Spanish and Portuguese
Parts of Indonesia, India, Pakistan
Ethiopia:Names includes lineage ( 3 or 7Generations of mononyms )
Arabic Countries:Includes patronym, reference to First-born son, personal description, occupation or tribe
Scandinavian:Patronyms used in place of a family name.
Example
Martin Luther King Jr.
Gonzalo Alberto Peña Solórzano
Sugiantoro
YakovLebna Nadew NegasiMekdim Bekele Mihretu
Abu Karrim Muhammad al-JamilIbn Nidal ibn Abdulaziz al-Filistini
Jón OlafssonKristin Jónsdóttir
Other Considerations• Length of names
• Relative importance of name elements
• Life events that trigger name changes
• Need for additional name versions- Pronunciation for Japanese names- Alternative names, such as preferred names
“Bob Smith” = “Robert James Smith III”“Simon Fong” = “Fong Yat Ming” = 方一鳴
- Historical names (e.g. Maiden names)
How do you put this address there?
Lomas de La TrinidadCarretera Vía Las Minas,Cruce con C. San Rafael, Qta. KatyCaracas 1080Venezuela
Calendars & Dates
AsiaNorth AmericaEurope, South America
Hebrew date: Islamic date: Afghan date:
25th of Iyyar, 577625 Sha’ban, 143713 Jawza, 1395
06/02/16
Phone numbers
Country Example Digits
Australia (0403) 416 7216 11Brazil (97) 8723-8967 10China 190-6587-1234 11France 06 87 71 23 45 10Norway 24 56 76 34 8United Kingdom 07700 954 321 11United States (801) 373-7337 10
Number Display
Country FormatFrance 1 234 567,89Germany 1.234.567,89India 12,34,567.89Switzerland 1'234'567.89United States 1,234,567.89
Meanings of colors changeVery few colors hold the same meaning across cultures
Passion is represented by Red in multiple locales
But Courage can be represented by Red, Orange or Yellowdepending on where you live
Icon and symbol selection “Symbolism can be culture-specific. The check mark means correct or OK in many countries. In some countries, however, such as Japan, it can be used to mean that something is incorrect. Japanese localizers may need to convert check marks to circles (their symbol for 'correct') as part of the localization process.”
http://www.w3.org/standards/webdesign/i18n