planning and design of residential layout .../media/esri-india/files/pdfs/events/...12th esri india...

12

th Esri India User Conference 2011

PLANNING AND DESIGN OF RESIDENTIAL LAYOUT USING GIS

Venugopal T V, Prakash P S

Harkirat Singh, Shivanad P N.

(under the guidance of V ANANTHARAMA

Abstract:

Many residential townships are being developed

across the country for providing housing facilities to ever

growing population. This project is an attempt to plan and

design the layout according to bylaws and regulations of

the governing authority (BDA/BMRDA) using Geographic

information system (GIS), Global positioning system (GPS)

for which ARC GIS 9.3 and ERDAS Imagine9.1 have been

made use of. The main objective is to apply GIS in various

stages of the project including

1. Feasibility studies

2. Governmental approvals – environmental impact

assessment

3. Scientific planning and design of various

infrastructures of the layout like the

� Residential units

� Commercial units

� Water supply lines

� Sewerage lines

� Roads networks

� Rain water harvesting units

4. Marketing of the project.

The other objective is to create Triangular Irregular

Network (TIN) using Total Station data and Google earth

data, compare the result and investigate the possibility of

reducing and/or eliminating ground survey. Using TIN,

Digital Elevation Data (DEM) is created to develop the

ground surface profile to calculate the formation levels of

roads, sewerage lines, and plinth levels of the individual

houses so as to provide the proper slope for draining out

the used water as per IS1172:1993. Additionally we render

the entire layout in 3D and create a data base management

system which will be useful to engineer, customer and the

government.

Thus our project shows that GIS can greatly enhance

the process of planning and design of an efficient and a

sustainable residential settlement.

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Venugopal T V, Prakash P S,

Harkirat Singh, Shivanad P N.

RVCE, Bangalore

ANANTHARAMA,

Asst.professor, Department of Civil Engineering, RVCE)

Many residential townships are being developed

across the country for providing housing facilities to ever

growing population. This project is an attempt to plan and

nd regulations of

the governing authority (BDA/BMRDA) using Geographic

information system (GIS), Global positioning system (GPS)

for which ARC GIS 9.3 and ERDAS Imagine9.1 have been

The main objective is to apply GIS in various

environmental impact

planning and design of various

infrastructures of the layout like the

The other objective is to create Triangular Irregular

Network (TIN) using Total Station data and Google earth

data, compare the result and investigate the possibility of

cing and/or eliminating ground survey. Using TIN,

Digital Elevation Data (DEM) is created to develop the

ground surface profile to calculate the formation levels of

roads, sewerage lines, and plinth levels of the individual

er slope for draining out

Additionally we render

the entire layout in 3D and create a data base management

system which will be useful to engineer, customer and the

greatly enhance

the process of planning and design of an efficient and a

About the Authors:

MR Venugopal T.V (B.E. civil),

Email:[email protected]

Mobile:+91-9740294275

Prakash P S (B.E. Civil)

Email:[email protected]

Mobile:+91-9632251095

We are presently doing our masters in

Geo informatics from KSRSAC, Bangalore.

We have completed our under graduation in Civil

engineering from RVCE, Bangalore.

Our GIS projects include,

Planning And Design Of Residential

Using GIS. This project was selected as

Technological University‘s (VTU

engineering project. This project also won “most

innovative project award “ conducted by

Entrepreneurship cell of RV college

Earlier Worked on a project aimed at

providing Optimized feeder bus routes to the

Banglore Metro Rail corporation limited (BMRCL)

using GIS .Our project was highly appreciated by

BMTC and was also published in the newspaper.

Finalist in the national level competition

designing a metro rail system,

Kharagpur. We were among the final 10 teams out

of the 300 odd teams that participated. We

the only team in the country to make use of GIS for


masters in

Bangalore.

under graduation in Civil

from RVCE, Bangalore.

Planning And Design Of Residential Layout

. This project was selected as Visvesvaraya

(VTU) best civil

engineering project. This project also won “most

innovative project award “ conducted by

Entrepreneurship cell of RV college

ked on a project aimed at

providing Optimized feeder bus routes to the

Banglore Metro Rail corporation limited (BMRCL)

using GIS .Our project was highly appreciated by

BMTC and was also published in the newspaper.

el competition for

conducted by IIT

We were among the final 10 teams out

of the 300 odd teams that participated. We were

only team in the country to make use of GIS for

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Introduction: We come across a number of private property developers,

community. Many a times the main criteria

maximum amount of area under commercial utilization. This being the case

communities” to be well planned, self sustainable

consumers. Thus we wanted to bring a sc

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number of private property developers, who are selling sites based on the concept of

criteria on which the site planning is done is on the sole intension of

maximum amount of area under commercial utilization. This being the case one cannot

self sustainable and good enough to provide all the adequate

Thus we wanted to bring a scientific, methodical approach to planning, designing and marketing of these

this event.

who are selling sites based on the concept of gated

on which the site planning is done is on the sole intension of getting

one cannot expect these “gated

adequate facilities to the

and marketing of these

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living spaces (‘gated communities’) by using

engineer, government and the customer are benefitted and

sustainable residential spaces.

Objectives:

1. To study the necessary approvals and to design

2. Creation of a database associated with the

the stakeholders of the project (investor,government,

3. Create Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) of the area using Total Station an

4. To design

o Water supply system.

o Sewerage system.

To map the above two systems along with

5. To render the entire layout in 3D using GIS tool

Methodology:

1. The land for the proposed layout was surveyed using t

2. Image procurement and Rectification -

downloader software by specifying the extent

process by which and image or grid is converted form

o Projected Coordinate System

o UTM, WGS 1984

3. Planning of the layout amenities and digitizing

provision of other amenities of the layout such as main roads, arterial roads, parks and public facilities using

Arc GIS (Fig 1). The planning of the layout is carried o

which the planning of these amenities were carried out are listed

o There must be adequate space for

� Residential area

� Commercial area

� Recreational area

o Must be according to bylaws

o Planning must takes care of environmental considerations

o All necessary engineering aspect (including slope, aspect etc)

o Planning should be such that Resources are optimally used.

o The public space must be located away from the

o Easy access for all people to all amenities provided.

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by using GIS such that all stake holders of a such a project

government and the customer are benefitted and act as partners in the creation of a well

essary approvals and to design the residential layout according to the government

Creation of a database associated with the features of the layout such that it acts as a source of information and aide

,government,engineer,consumer,) to make informed decisions

Create Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) of the area using Total Station and Google earth data and compare the results

with creation of attribute database.

To render the entire layout in 3D using GIS tools.

surveyed using total station and this data was imported into the

The satellite imagery of the required area was procured

extents of the area in terms of latitude and longitude. Rectification

is converted form image coordinated to real-world coordinate

digitizing- The whole area was divided into plots of various sizes along with

other amenities of the layout such as main roads, arterial roads, parks and public facilities using

The planning of the layout is carried out as per the guidelines of local authorities.

which the planning of these amenities were carried out are listed as follows

There must be adequate space for

Planning must takes care of environmental considerations.

All necessary engineering aspect (including slope, aspect etc) must be considered.

Planning should be such that Resources are optimally used.

The public space must be located away from the residential area.

Easy access for all people to all amenities provided.

namely the developer,

act as partners in the creation of a well planned and

government bylaws.

rce of information and aides

to make informed decisions.

and compare the results

imported into the Arc GIS.

was procured using google earth

Rectification, (i.e. is the

coordinates) was done by using

The whole area was divided into plots of various sizes along with

other amenities of the layout such as main roads, arterial roads, parks and public facilities using CADD and

ut as per the guidelines of local authorities. The guiding criteria on

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4. Creation of a database associated with the features of the layout such that it acts as a source of information and aides

the stakeholders of the project (investor

step involved in creation of data base is digitization of the features either in form of a polygon (for representing a

building or line (for representing roads) or points (to

information in the form of an attribute table. The following illustrates the database creation, where in a layout

developer wants to number the plots, i.e.

attributes data. The advantage to the user is that once the site is selected

automatically selected. Thus if a customer wants to know the

choice and get to know its details without any difficulty

the software can be used to calculate statistics automatically. For examp

by using the calculate statistics option which is a

and which the database management system (DBMS) uses to optimize query response.

Feature

Sites

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Figure: 1 Layout plan

Creation of a database associated with the features of the layout such that it acts as a source of information and aides

vestor, government, engineer, and consumer) to make informed decisions.


building or line (for representing roads) or points (to represent the elevation data etc). Further


er wants to number the plots, i.e. basically here linking the spatially referenced site polygon with a numeric

The advantage to the user is that once the site is selected, in viewer, the attributes of the site is

automatically selected. Thus if a customer wants to know the site number or the area he can just click the site of his

get to know its details without any difficulty (shown in figure: 2). The other feature useful for a user is that

the software can be used to calculate statistics automatically. For example the total number of 50x80 sites is obtained

by using the calculate statistics option which is a mathematically calculated data that describes the state of a database

and which the database management system (DBMS) uses to optimize query response.

Data fields

Area

Creation of a database associated with the features of the layout such that it acts as a source of information and aides

make informed decisions. The first


Further to store the needed


basically here linking the spatially referenced site polygon with a numeric

the attributes of the site is

site number or the area he can just click the site of his

. The other feature useful for a user is that

le the total number of 50x80 sites is obtained

mathematically calculated data that describes the state of a database

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Figure: 2

The attribute data will be very useful in queries

site selected is facing? This data is used during the registration processes. The other feature that we can make use is

label the data depending upon the type of information that we wish to access

on site numbers alone or label the same base

5. Creation of Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) of the area using Total Station and Google earth data

compare the results. TIN data set was created by using the ARC

from the total station survey. Another TIN dataset was created by using the elevation values obtained from

earth.

Figural: 3 TIN from Total station and TIN

Though both the TINs are exactly not the same, however the fact remains that the Google

preliminary planning. Also this Google tin can be used in making the following key decisions

o Where to place the water tank

o Where to place the STP

o Direction of flow of water

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Survey number

Owner’s name

Site number

Facing direction

igure: 2 Attribute information of the sites

queries like, who is the owner of a particular site and what direction a

This data is used during the registration processes. The other feature that we can make use is

label the data depending upon the type of information that we wish to access. For example we can label features based

ite numbers alone or label the same based on owners name etc.

Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) of the area using Total Station and Google earth data

TIN data set was created by using the ARC GIS 3D analyst tools using the x

TIN dataset was created by using the elevation values obtained from

Figural: 3 TIN from Total station and TIN from google earth data

s are exactly not the same, however the fact remains that the Google

preliminary planning. Also this Google tin can be used in making the following key decisions

hat direction a particular

This data is used during the registration processes. The other feature that we can make use is

For example we can label features based

Triangular Irregular Network (TIN) of the area using Total Station and Google earth data (figure: 3) and

the x, y, z values obtained

TIN dataset was created by using the elevation values obtained from Google

s are exactly not the same, however the fact remains that the Google data TIN can used for

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Finally a land developer may take the help of Google TIN

i.e. without even doing any survey the developer can first get an idea of the terrain and then depending upon the

feasibly aspects he can decide to buy or not. It can also helps in saving the huge amount of money to spend in conduct

the survey before planning.

6. Referring to the codal provisions the various necessities like water supply, sewerage system of the residential lay

was designed according to civil engineering practices.

the land ,distance, position of the various amenities of the layout .These inputs were used in the form of different layers

of data such as DEM data (using ERDAS 9.1)

layer containing the details of the position of Sewerage treatment

and by using various civil engineering methodologies

equation) the position of the water lines and their diameter were fixed and then mapped along with their attribute

values. The water supply and sewer lines for layout is shown in figure: 4.

Figure: 4 Water supply and sewer lines for proposed residential layout

7. The entire layout was rendered into 3D along with other a

figure: 5) Arc Scene is a map display program customized for displaying 3D data. This application enables users to

visualize complicated urban planning information in 3D way, to evaluate allowable capacity of block and to simulate

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may take the help of Google TIN in deciding whether to buy a particular property or not.

without even doing any survey the developer can first get an idea of the terrain and then depending upon the

r not. It can also helps in saving the huge amount of money to spend in conduct

Referring to the codal provisions the various necessities like water supply, sewerage system of the residential lay

according to civil engineering practices. Designing of these features required inputs such as the slope of

of the various amenities of the layout .These inputs were used in the form of different layers

(using ERDAS 9.1) for slope input, shape files containing the location of the sites, another

layer containing the details of the position of Sewerage treatment plant, water tank etc were overlapped on each other

methodologies (i.e. calculation and use of fixture units, use

water lines and their diameter were fixed and then mapped along with their attribute

lines for layout is shown in figure: 4.

: 4 Water supply and sewer lines for proposed residential layout

into 3D along with other amenities like parks, roads etc using ARC Scene

is a map display program customized for displaying 3D data. This application enables users to


in deciding whether to buy a particular property or not.

without even doing any survey the developer can first get an idea of the terrain and then depending upon the

r not. It can also helps in saving the huge amount of money to spend in conduct

Referring to the codal provisions the various necessities like water supply, sewerage system of the residential layout

Designing of these features required inputs such as the slope of

of the various amenities of the layout .These inputs were used in the form of different layers

containing the location of the sites, another

tank etc were overlapped on each other

units, use of hazen willam

water lines and their diameter were fixed and then mapped along with their attribute

menities like parks, roads etc using ARC Scene (as shown in

is a map display program customized for displaying 3D data. This application enables users to


12


building plans. With visualization and analys

issues which modern cities confront.

Figure: 5 V

Conclusion:

• Paper shows that GIS can greatly enhance the process of planning and design of an efficient and a sustainable

residential settlement.

• Illustrates benefits and utility of GIS in various stages of the project including feasibility studies, governmental

approvals, planning, and design of various infrastructures of the layout and in the marketing of the project.

• Shows that the data available in public domain (Google earth data) can be used fruitfully during the preliminary stage of

the project.

• The advantage of geo referencing and linking of spatial data with the non spatial data helps in the process of informed

decision making and it is also of great use in reviewing of the decisions.

• Thus use of GIS in Civil engineering projects will make the process of surveying,

and accurate.

Acknowledgement:

We are highly indebted to our guide

R. V. College of Engineering, for his encouragement, guidance

motivation which helped us to successfully complete this project.

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building plans. With visualization and analysis capability, 3D-GIS are considered as a powerful tool to solve various

Figure: 5 View of proposed residential layout shown in 3D

shows that GIS can greatly enhance the process of planning and design of an efficient and a sustainable

utility of GIS in various stages of the project including feasibility studies, governmental

of various infrastructures of the layout and in the marketing of the project.

available in public domain (Google earth data) can be used fruitfully during the preliminary stage of

referencing and linking of spatial data with the non spatial data helps in the process of informed

decision making and it is also of great use in reviewing of the decisions.

ivil engineering projects will make the process of surveying, planning and designing simpler, faster

We are highly indebted to our guide Mr. V. ANANTHARAMA, Asst.professor, Department of Civil Engineering,

R. V. College of Engineering, for his encouragement, guidance and support in the use of the GIS software and constant

motivation which helped us to successfully complete this project.

GIS are considered as a powerful tool to solve various

shows that GIS can greatly enhance the process of planning and design of an efficient and a sustainable

utility of GIS in various stages of the project including feasibility studies, governmental

of various infrastructures of the layout and in the marketing of the project.

available in public domain (Google earth data) can be used fruitfully during the preliminary stage of

referencing and linking of spatial data with the non spatial data helps in the process of informed

planning and designing simpler, faster

, Asst.professor, Department of Civil Engineering,

in the use of the GIS software and constant

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We would also like to express our gratefulness towards all the faculty

Department and management of R. V. College of

References:

1. Matt Freeman ‘Singapore Masters Land-Use Planning Using GIS

2. ESRI, white papers and product documentation.

3. Dr B C Punmia, Ashok Kr Jain and Arum Kr Jain

edition,[2007].

4. Lilles, Thomas m Kiefer, Ralph W, Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York, 4

Edition, [2002].

5. Burrough, P A, Principles of Geographic Information System, Oxford Publication, [1986].

6. Satheesh Gopi, R. Sathikumar and N. Madhu, “Advanced Surveying” Total Station, GIS and Remote Sensing, Pearson

Education,[2008]

7. Dr B C Punmia, Ashok Kr Jain and Arum Kr Jain

edition,[2007].

8. 1172:1993 Indian Standard code of basic requirements for water supply, drainage and sanitation [Fourth Revision]

9. Anekal planning authority –By laws.

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We would also like to express our gratefulness towards all the faculty members, head of

College of Engineering, Bangalore.

Use Planning Using GIS’, Arc Watch, December [2009]

papers and product documentation.

Kr Jain ‘Water Supply Engineering ’, Laxmi Publications Pvt Ltd , 2

Lilles, Thomas m Kiefer, Ralph W, Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York, 4

Burrough, P A, Principles of Geographic Information System, Oxford Publication, [1986].

. Madhu, “Advanced Surveying” Total Station, GIS and Remote Sensing, Pearson

Kr Jain ‘Waste Water Engineering ’, Laxmi Publications Pvt Ltd , 2

1172:1993 Indian Standard code of basic requirements for water supply, drainage and sanitation [Fourth Revision]

of the civil engineering

‘Water Supply Engineering ’, Laxmi Publications Pvt Ltd , 2nd

Lilles, Thomas m Kiefer, Ralph W, Remote Sensing and Image Interpretation, John Wiley and Sons, Inc. New York, 4th

. Madhu, “Advanced Surveying” Total Station, GIS and Remote Sensing, Pearson

‘Waste Water Engineering ’, Laxmi Publications Pvt Ltd , 2nd

1172:1993 Indian Standard code of basic requirements for water supply, drainage and sanitation [Fourth Revision]

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