Planet Earth: Yesterday, Today, Tomorrow

Unit Test Review

Layers of the Earth

crust

convectingmantle

outer core

innercore

Be able to label the layers of

the Earth.

Tectonic Plate Movement How do the tectonic

plates move?• The hot molten rock

in the convecting mantle rises, cools, and sinks in a cycle.

• This motion causes the plates to move toward each other, away from each other, slide under, or grind past each other.

Tectonic Plate Movement Question 1: What causes the tectonic

plates to move?

energy from the sunocean currentsthe convecting mantleall the above

Types of Plate Boundaries

Types of Plate Boundaries Question 2: At what kind of boundary

do mountains form?

Divergent (move apart)Transform (slide past)Convergent (move together)

Types of Plate Boundaries Question 3: What kind of plate

boundary causes earthquakes?

Divergent (move apart)Transform (slide past)Convergent (move together)

The Surface of the Earth is Constantly Changing!

Weathering and Erosion

Movement of Tectonic Plates

Earthquakes

Glacier Movement

Volcanoes

Floods

Tsunamis

The Surface of the Earth is Constantly Changing

Question 4: What processes cause changes to the Earth’s surface?

Great heat, floods, and earthquakes

Tsunamis, solar energy, and magma

Erosion, glacier formation, and weathering

Movement of plate tectonics, earthquakes, and floods

Evidence of Pangea Scientists believe

Pangea existed based on fossil evidence found on multiple continents.

The shape of continents is also a clue to the existence of Pangea.

Evidence of Pangea Question 5: If identical fossils are

found on two continents separated by an ocean, what conclusion can you draw?

The continents were once connected

The animals could swim wellThe continents are the same ageNone of the above

What Geologists Can Learn From Fossils

What Geologists Can Learn From Fossils

Question 6: When scientists find fossils, what are they able to learn from them?

Evidence of what organisms once lived in that location

Environmental changes in that area

The approximate age of the organism

All of the above

Rock Layers and Age Compare rock layersto a sandwich:

The oldest layer will beon the bottom. Each layer on top getsyounger and younger. The top layer is the mostrecent, or youngest.

Oldest layer

Youngest layer

Rock Layers and Age Question 7: In the picture, which

layer is the youngest?

Layer 1

Layer 2

Layer 3

Review this several times!Good luck