Plan 19

Facts Plan 19 was also known as plan ”A”.This plan was initially made in 1910 by

General Danilov.However, it was criticized greatly by France

and by some leading members of the Russian Army.

Due to the criticism, the plan underwent serious changes and was finished in 1912.

CriticismThe two main sources of criticism were:The French – there was a growing fear that

Germany would initiate the war by invading France, and so they wanted ”Plan 19” to be more aggressive for their protection.

Russian Army Officials – some of the officials thought that it was not Germany that was their main threat but Austria-Hungary. They thought they should be more prepared for an attack from the Austo-Hungarian army.

The PlanThe plan was that when Germany finally

attacked France, the Russians would invade East Prussia and then move towards central Germany.

While half the army (2 armies) were out overwhelming Germany through number, the rest would defend any incoming attacks either from Austria-Hungary or Germany itself.

The Russians had 4 armies at their disposal, comprising of 19 corps.

What Happened?Russia lost all battles advancing into Prussia

and they were forced to turn back.Thousands were dead as the German army

was much more advanced.Plan 19 failed as a result of the Russians

underestimating German forces and overestimating their own.