Name: _____________________________________CSI: The Experience Web Adventures (http://forensics.rice.edu)

CASE ONE

FORENSIC BIOLOGY DNA is located in the _______of a cell.

a) Mitochondria b) Golgi apparatus c) Nucleus d) Vesicles

All of the following would have different DNA, EXCEPT:a) mother and daughter b)fraternal twins c) an older brother and a younger brother d) identical twins

Forensic biologists compare DNA samples by looking at how many markers?_______________

The PCR technique:a) makes DNA grow a lot faster than it usually does c) makes millions of copies of the DNA markersb) uses a machine to match two DNA profiles d) is part of the Extract step of DNA analysis

The four steps of DNA processing are:a) Extract, Sort, Analyze, Compare c) Extract, Amplify, Separate, Analyzeb) Duplicate, Separate, Analyze, Sort d) Extract, Amplify, Assemble, Compare

TOXICOLOGY LAB Vitreous humor is found in the:

a) nose b) elbow c) knee d) eye

What does SCREENING test accomplish?a) tells you what specific drug was in the victim c) finds evidence by looking inside the stomachb) checks for the presence or absence of chemicals d) tests whether you should be a toxicologist or not

What happens to a chemical when it is analyzed by the Gas Chromatography/Mass Spectrometer (GC/MS)?a) It is broken into fragments which are each counted to create a graphb) It dissolves in a liquid which then is tested with iodinec) It is added to other chemicals to create a chemical reactiond) It is vaporized to analyze the chemical as a gas

A mass spectrum of a chemical:a) will match the mass spectra of other chemicalsb) will be unique, unlike the mass spectrum of any other chemicalsc) is very small and must be duplicated several times to be analyzedd) is not a reliable way to compare chemicals

How do CSIs ensure that evidence does not get tampered with?a) Everyone promises to not contaminate the evidenceb) A security guard watches the evidence box at all timesc) No one is allowed to handle the evidence except the Supervisord) Anytime someone examines evidence, they must sign a Chain of Custody form

What is a positive control?a) a sample prepared by the toxicologist which has a specific chemical presentb) a sample prepared by the toxicologist that does not have any chemicals in itc) a sample with any chemical in itd) a sample with human blood

FIREARMS AND TOOLMARKS

The _______marks the bullet with the gun’s unique characteristics.a) Magazine b) Firing pin c) Prime d) Rifling

What is the caliber of this bullet?

Where do investigators test fire a suspected gun in order to get individual characteristics of the gun?a) In an iron box b) In a water tank c) In a big empty room d) In a steel tube

What equipment do investigators use to analyze striations on bullets?a) Light table b) Magnifying glass c) Comparison microscope d) Super-glue fuming chamber

A 9mm bullet was collected from the victim, and two firearms were found at the crime scene. Both gun 1 and gun 2 use 9mm bullets. How can the investigators determine which gun fired the bullet?

Taurus gun 1 Taurus gun 2

a) Compare the fingerprints on the bullet with those found on gun 1 and gun 2b) Identify the rifling pattern on the bullet and match it to gun 1 and gun 2c) Contact the gun manufacturers, and see which one also produces the same type of bulletsd) Test fire the suspected guns and compare the bullet striations to the fatal bullet.

MEDICAL EXAMINER

Which of the following is NOT determined by a medical examiner?a) Cause of death b) Manner of death c) Time of death d) Place of death

An internal autopsy always begins with a ____ incision.

During an autopsy, the examiner sticks the syringe into the ______________to collect a blood sample for further analysis.

The term “rigor mortis” refers to:a) The death of a person. c) The Latin word for “responsible for death.”b) The body’s muscles stiffening after death. d) The body temperature of a deceased person.

Where does a medical examiner measure the body temperature of a dead person? ________________________

There are three important things a medical examiner looks for when determining the time of death. Which is NOT one of them?

a) Odor mortis b) Algor mortis c) Livor mortis d )Rigor mortis

CASE TWOFINGERPRINTSWhat causes fingerprints to be left behind when we touch things?

a) Salt produced by our sweat glands c) Natural sweats and oils in the skinb) Moisture in the atmosphere d) Dust on the things we touch

9mm

20mm

Weight = 115 gr.

IAFIS is the FBI’s national fingerprint database. Criminologists often search the database for fingerprint matches. What does IAFIS stand for?

During fuming, the super glue heats up and attaches to _____ in the fingerprint.a) Human skin b) Amino acids and oil c) Valleys d) Fingerprint powder

Evidence is usually placed in a superglue _____ when developing the fingerprints.a) Chamber b) Tube c) Slide d) Tank

DNA AND mtDNADNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material in our cells that controls what we inherit from our parents. Which of the following statements is true?

a) Different parts of a person’s body have different DNA.b) A DNA profile contains 31 unique genetic markers (known DNA sequences).c) Except identical twins, no two individuals have the exact same DNA.d) Siblings have the same DNA, because they were born by the same parents.

What system used by the FBI compiles DNA of known violent offenders from all over the nation and can be used to match DNA with a sample found at a crime scene?

A woman gets out of bed, watches TV, talks on the phone, pets her cat, and then goes shopping. Which object would be most useful in collecting the woman’s DNA sample?

a) The TV b) The cat c) The phone d) The TV remote

You can alter your DNA so it will appear to be different.a) True b) False

A mitochondrion is the site of energy production and contains copies of mitochondrial DNA. Which one is it in the cell below?

Which of the following statements is true?a) Mitochondrial DNA is as unique as nuclear DNA, so different people cannot have identical mitochondrial DNA.b) The shape of nuclear DNA is circular, while mitochondrial DNA is linear.c) In a cell, there are much more copies of mitochondrial DNA than nuclear DNA.d) Nuclear DNA is inherited from both parents, and so is mitochondrial DNA

According to this family tree, which pair of people must have the same mitochondrial DNA?

John and Cathy are married. They have two children (Mark and Dianne) and three grandchildren (Kate, Ann and Mathew), as is shown in the family tree below.

a) Mark and Kateb) Jason and Mathewc) Cathy and Kated) Cathy and Ann

= male

= female

HAIR ANALYSISThe cuticle is the outside covering of a hair, and it has three different scale patterns. Which of the following pictures shows the cuticle scale that is found in a human hair?

What must be present in a hair sample to test for nuclear DNA?

a) Follicular tag b) Cuticle c) Medulla d)CortexJohn uses a microscope to exam hair samples from four different animals. Below is what he sees from each sample. Which one is most likely to be from a human?

A B C D

FORENSIC ODONTOLOGYThere are various methods to document or preserve the bitemark on a victim. Which is NOT one of them?

a) The tissue and skin of the bite site is frozen for future comparisons.b) The bitemark is photographed using different lighting effects.c) An L-shape ruler is used to document the measurements of the bitemark.d) The saliva left on the bitemark is collected for DNA analysis.

The anterior teeth are the front-most teeth that usually produce a bitemark. What do the anterior teeth consist of?a) Bicuspids and molars b) Incisors and canine c) Canine and Bicuspids d) Incisors and molars

Picture A below is likely to be a dog bite, and picture B is likely to be a human bite. Which statement is part of the reasoning for this judgment?

A Ba) There are more teeth marks in picture B than in picture A.b) Picture B shows prominent and large canine teeth.c) The bitemark in picture A is larger than the one in picture B.d) The bitemark in picture A is oval shaped, while the one in picture B is roughly circular.

When photographing a bitemark, what tool is commonly used to document the measurements of the bitemark?a) A coin b) An ABFO NO. 2 scale c) A tape measure d) A number tag

You have a photo of the bitemark on a victim and have identified a suspect. Below is a list of tasks you need to complete before you can decide if his/her teeth match the bitemark. What is the correct order to complete these tasks?A. Create a 3D cast of the suspect’s teeth B. Compare the end product with the bitemark photoC. Take dental impression from the suspect D. Trace the outline of the teeth onto a transparent sheet

a) ACDB b) CDAB c) DACB d) CADB

TOXICOLOGYDoes the sample below contain chemical A?__________________To test if a sample contains chemical A, the examiner used a reagent that reacts with chemical A to produce an orange color. The picture on the right shows the results on the testing tray. Use this information to answer the following questions.

What does “negative control” mean in this test?a) It means nothing is added in that well.b) It means a sample that purposely does not contain chemical A.c) It means a sample that purposely gets a negative charge.d) It means the amount of chemical A is controlled to be small.

What should be used as a positive control?a) Water b) Cyanide c) Chemical A d) Extraction buffer

When is the victim’s sample taken for a toxicology screen?a) At the crime scene b) At the Morgue c) After a suspect is identified d) Never

A toxicologist is responsible for:a) Examining the organs during an autopsy c) Testing blood and bodily fluids for poisoningb) Investigating whether a person died of natural causes d) Collecting fingerprints from the crime scene

OTHERSA medical examiner autopsy does NOT require_______________.

a) Evidence collection b) Identification of the body c) Photographic documentation d) Permission from the next-of-kinWhich chemical can be used to detect blood, even if it’s been wiped from a surface?

Blunt force trauma refers to: a) Injures cased by sharp objects. c) Drowning and asphyxiation.b) Fractures, broken bones and external bruising. d) Diseases of the heart

Identifying a specific person can best be achieved by____________.a) Hair analysis b) Bitemark analysis c) Fingerprint analysis d) Shoeprint analysis

A special type of microscope that allows two separate objects to be viewed simultaneously in the same ocular is known as a ______________.

a) Compound microscope b) Comparison microscope c) Dissecting microscope d) Polarized light microscope

CASE THREEFINGERPRINTSWhat causes fingerprints to be left behind when we touch things?

a) Salt produced by our sweat glands c) Natural sweats and oils in the skinb) Moisture in the atmosphere d) Dust on the things we touch

There are three main classes for fingerprints based upon their visual pattern. Which of the following is NOT one of them?a) Loops b) Whorls c) Arches d) Spirals

How would this fingerprint be classified? a) Loops b) Whorls c) Arches d) Spirals

Fingerprints that you cannot see with the naked eye are called latent prints. Which of the following substances is often used to develop latent fingerprints?

a) Nail polish remover b) Blu-Tack c) Super-glue d) Alcohol

DNA ANALYSIS DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) is the genetic material in our cells that controls what we inherit from our parents. Which of the following statements is true?

a) Different parts of a person’s body have different DNA.b) A DNA profile contains 31 unique genetic markers (known DNA sequences).c) Except identical twins, no two individuals have the exact same DNA.d) Siblings have the same DNA, because they were born by the same parents.

What system used by the FBI compiles DNA of known violent offenders from all over the nation and can be used to match DNA with a sample found at a crime scene?

A woman gets out of bed, watches TV, talks on the phone, pets her cat, and then goes shopping. Which object would be least useful in collecting the woman’s DNA sample?

Which part in the cell below contains most of the DNA? (Circle a letter)

If we compare a boy’s DNA with his parent, what result will we find out? a) The child has 50 DNA markers that are the same as his mother.b) The child has 50 DNA markers that are identical to his father.c) 50% of the child’s markers are identical to his mother.d) All of the boy’s DNA markers are identical to his father.

Are these two DNA profiles a match? ________________

SHOEPRINTSA plastic shoe print occurs when a shoe sinks into a soft substance like mud. How would an investigator collect a plastic shoe print from the crime scene?

a) Use electrostatic treatment to lift the shoe print c) Use dyes to bring up the impressionsb) Dust the shoe print with special powders d) Use dental plaster to make a cast of the shoe print

Below are steps involved in making a cast of a shoe print. What is the correct order in this process?A. Remove the casted mold from the shoe printsB. Mix dental plaster with waterC. Apply hairspray to the siteD. Pour the dental plaster mix next to the shoe prints

a) BDAC b) CBDA c) BCAD d) DBCAClass characteristics of a shoe print are marks that are a direct result of the manufacturing process of the shoes. Which of the following is not one of the class characteristics?

a) Shoe size b) Manufacturer c) Shoe types d) Random cut on the shoe’s soleWhen doing shoe print comparison, investigators have to identify ________________ in order to decide if the shoe prints are a match.

a) the origin of the shoe c) the material of the shoeb) the unique markings of the shoe d) the specific color of the shoe

FACIAL RECONSTRUCTIONIn facial reconstruction, which is one of the crucial factors when considering the tissue depth?

a) Gender b) Weight c) Height d) Surrounding environmentWhich statement is true about facial reconstruction?

a) A skillful artist is the only key to the success of facial reconstruction.b) Tissue depth markers are put on the skull after the sculpture is completed.c) A reconstructed face is usually the same as what the person looked like.d) Teamwork of artists and forensic scientists on reconstruction projects increases the success rate for identification.

TOOLMARKSWhich lab equipment is usually used to analyze toolmark evidence?

a) Light table b) PCR machine c) Comparison microscope d) Super-glue fuming chamber

How do investigators know a suspected knife is the weapon that was used to kill the victim?a) They put the knife directly on the wound of the victim and see if there is a match.b) They photograph the wound and see if the knife matches the shape of the wound.c) They take impressions from the wound and the knife toolmark and see if there is a match.d) They analyze the fingerprints on the knife and see if they match the victim.

DIGITAL FORENSICSWhat is the first step in analyzing digital evidence from a computer?

a) Use antivirus programs to prevent computer virus.b) Use imaging tools to create an exact duplicate of the hard drive.c) Examine deleted files to find out what the suspect is trying to hide.d) Find out the latest activities on the computer and look into relevant information.

Which of the following is what investigators would do when they examine a computer?a) Print out every useful information on the computer.b) Skip images and audio files because these are mainly for fun.c) Install programs to monitor suspicious online activities. d) Discover and crack passwords to gain access to information.

OTHERSWhich of the following is considered part of the medical examiner’s job?

a) Determining if the victim was murdered c) Analyzing victim’s DNA sampleb) Doing facial reconstruction to identify the victim d) Documenting wounds on the body

A corpse is discovered buried in a field. It may be Jenny who was reported missing a few years ago and is now feared dead. The body is decomposed and is not easily identifiable. How might the investigator decide whether the body is Jenny?

a) Use facial reconstruction technique and compare the reconstructed photo with Jenny’s pictureMatch Jenny’s dental records with the teeth and jaw of the bodyAnalyze the skeletal remains to decide the gender of the body

b) Compare the fingerprints from the deceased with those from Jenny’s mother

CASE FOURFIRE INVESTIGATIONWhich of the following findings from a fire scene suggests that the fire was arson?

a) Puddle-shaped burn pattern c) Foreign ignitable liquids in burned materialb) Crazed window glass d) V-shaped burn pattern

After a fire, the molten wires in electrical cords often assume the shape of beads. If the demarcation (border) of such a bead is not sharp, it suggests that __________ has caused the fire.

a) burning from the outside c) an electric sparkb) an ignitable liquid d) human negligence

After a fire, window glass often shows a complicated pattern of short cracks, which is called crazing. What causes crazing?a) Air pressure from the outside. c) Air pressure from the inside.b) Rapid heating of cool glass. d) Rapid cooling of hot glass.

What technique would a forensic scientist use to confirm if an ignitable liquid was used to start a fire?a) Spectrophotometry b) Gel electrophoresis c) Gas chromatography d) Electron microscopy

TOXICOLOGYTo confirm if somebody died from smoke inhalation during a fire, the amount of __________ in the blood is determined.

a) soot b) clotted erythrocytes c) deoxyhemoglobin d) carboxyhemoglobinSpectrophotometry is a method that is based on the ability of molecules to __________ light.

a) absorb b) emit c) polarize d) refract

Copper bead with a sharp demarcation.

You are setting up a headspace gas chromatography analysis to determine the amount of ethanol in a sample. What would you choose as a positive control?

a) Diluting buffer b) Water c) A different alcohol, such as isopropanol d) EthanolLook at the gas chromatogram below. What do the different peaks represent?

a) Fragments of one and the same chemical. c) Different chemicals in the sampleb) Isotopes of one and the same chemical d) Different amounts of one and the same chemical.

A suspect has been found to have amphetamines in his blood. What technique can be used to find out which specific amphetamine it is?

a) Enzyme-Linked ImmunoSorbent Assay (ELISA) c) Headspace gas chromatographyb) Gas chromatography/Mass spectrometry d) Spectrophotometry

BLOODSTAIN ANALYSISThe bloodstain shown in the picture to the right would be labeled as a ________ type blood stain.

a) passive b) impact c) active d) transfer

When analyzing impact type of bloodstains (blood spatter shapes), the direction in which the blood traveled can be determined by …

a) counting the number of stains produced that are over 4 mm in width.b) measuring the width of the bloodstains.c) noticing which direction the pointed ends of the blood stains faced) measuring the angles of impact the blood stains make with the wall.

Based on the photograph below, where did the impact of the bullet that caused this blood spatter come from?

a) From the topb) From the leftc) From the rightd) From below

Passive bloodstains are usually _______ wide.a) … smaller than 1 mm b) … smaller than 4 mm c)… greater than 4 mm d)… greater than 4 cm

DNA PROFILINGHow many DNA markers do forensic biologists use to compare DNA samples?

a) 7 b) 10 c) 13 d)21The PCR (polymerase chain reaction) technique:

a) Makes DNA grow a lot faster than it usually does c) Makes millions of copies of the DNA markers b) Uses a machine to match two DNA profiles d) Is part of the Extract step of DNA analysis

The four steps of DNA processing are:a) Extract, Sort, Analyze, Compare c) Extract, Amplify, Assemble, Compareb) Duplicate, Separate, Analyze, Sort d) Extract, Amplify, Separate, Analyze

What do forensic scientists compare to establish if two DNA profiles such as the ones below match?

a) The number of DNA markers.b) The pattern of the peaks. c) The color of the peaks.d) The order or the markers.

What is the first step when extracting DNA from a blood sample?a) Centrifuge the sample to separate the DNA from the cells.b) Filter the sample to separate the cells from the fluid.c) Break the blood cells apart to release the DNA.d) Perform a PCR to make copies of the DNA.

The picture below is a part of a real DNA profile, showing one marker. Why does this marker have two different peaks?

a) The marker was amplified twice.b) Each peak is from a different DNA sample.c) The person has different copies of the marker.d) Each peak is a fragment of the same marker.

Why do markers in a DNA profile, like the one show below with marker #13 highlighted, sometimes have only one peak?

a) The person inherited the same marker from BOTH parents.b) The person is missing a marker.c) The PCR was done incorrectly and needs to be repeated.d) The person has a genetic disease.e)

MEDICAL EXAMINATIONIn an external autopsy, a gunshot wound with abrasions and blackening can be classified as a __________ wound.

a) distant range b) contact c) perforating d)penetratingDuring an external autopsy of a shooting victim, the medical examiner finds small abrasions, also called powder tattooing, on the victim’s skin around the gunshot wound. What can you deduce from this finding?

a) The gun was held directly against the skin when fired.b) The gun was fired from a near-contact range (up to 1 cm).c) The gun was fired from an intermediate range (1 cm to 4 m).d) The gun was fired from a distant range (more than 4 m).

Fingernail swabs collected during an autopsy are used to __________a) streak an agar plate to obtain bacteria cultures. c) determine fingerprint characteristics.b) perform a toxicology analysis for drug testing. d) extract DNA to identify potential suspects.

BALLISTICSIn an external autopsy, a gunshot wound with abrasions and blackening can be classified as a __________ wound.

a) distant range b) contact c) perforating d) penetratingDuring an external autopsy of a shooting victim, the medical examiner finds small abrasions, also called powder tattooing, on the victim’s skin around the gunshot wound. What can you deduce from this finding?

a) The gun was held directly against the skin when fired.b) The gun was fired from a near-contact range (up to 1 cm).c) The gun was fired from an intermediate range (1 cm to 4 m).d) The gun was fired from a distant range (more than 4 m).

Fingernail swabs collected during an autopsy are used to __________a) streak an agar plate to obtain bacteria cultures. c)determine fingerprint characteristics.b) perform a toxicology analysis for drug testing. d) extract DNA to identify potential suspects.

What is the caliber of the bullet below?

a) 9 mm b) 20 mm c) 115 gr. d) 180 mm2

Where do investigators test fire a suspected gun?a) In an iron box. c) In a water tank.b) In a sand sack. d) In a steel tube.

What equipment do investigators use to analyze striations on bullets?a) Light table b) Magnifying glass c) Comparison microscope d) Super-glue fuming chamber

A 9 mm bullet was collected from the victim. Both guns found at the crime scene use 9 mm bullets. How can the investigators determine which gun fired the bullet?

a) Compare the fingerprints on the bullet collected from the victim with those found on both guns.b) Identify the rifling pattern on the bullet collected from the victim and match it to both guns.c) Determine if one of the crime scene guns were from the same manufacturer as the bullet collected from the

victim.d) Compare the bullet striations from the crime scene guns to the bullet collected from the victim.

Rifling is one characteristic forensic scientists compare to see if two bullets come from the same gun. Conventional type rifling means the grooves on the surface of a bullet are _______

a) wide and flat in shape b) deep, easy to see c) superficial, not very distinct d) not present