physics chapter 1 introduction exercises

Chapter I Introduction Selected exercises: 1. Express the U.S. speed limit of 55 miles per hour in (a) ft/s; (b) m/s. 2. The density of water is about 1 g/cm 3 . What is this in SI units? 3. (a) The distance traveled by light in a year is called a light-year. Given that the speed of light is 3.00x10 8 m/s, express the light-year in kilometers. (b) The average distance between the earth and the sun is called an astronomical unit (au) and its value is about 1.5x10 11 m. What is the speed of light in au/h? 4. A knot is a nautical unit of speed: 1 knot = 1.15 mph. What is a knot in m/s? 5. A small car has a 2.2-L engine. Convert this to cubic inches. 6. Specify the number of significant figures in each of the following values: (a) 23.001 s; (b) 0.500x10 2 m; (c) 0.002030 kg; (d) 2700 kg/s. 7. Given that = 3.14159, find: (a) the area of a circle of radius 4.20 m; (b) the surface area of a sphere of radius 0.46 m; (c) the volume of a sphere of radius 2.318 m. 8. Evaluate [(3.00x10 12 ) (1.20x10 -20 ) / (4.00 x 10 -1)]-1/2 . 9. Convert the following to scientific notation: (a) the distance to the sun, 149,500,000,000 m; (b) the wavelength of yellow sodium light, 0.000,000,5893 m; (c) the radius of an atom 0.000,000,000,2 m; (d) the radius of a nucleus 0.000,000,000,000,004 m. 10. Check the following equations for dimensional consistency where v is speed (m/s), a is acceleration (m/s 2 ), and x is position (m): (a) x = v 2 / (2a); (b) x = ½ a t; (c) t = (2x / a) 1/2 . Some unit equivalences: 1 mi = 5280 ft, 1 mi = 1.609 km, 1 km = 1000 m, 1 kg = 1000 g, 1 m = 10 dm = 100 cm, 1 L = 1 dm 3 , 1 in = 2.54 cm Answers: 1. (a) 55 mi/h (5280 ft / mi) (1 h / (3600 s)) = 80.7 ft/s; (b) 24.6 m/s. 2. 10 -3 kg / (10 -2 m) 3 = 10 3 kg/m 3 . 3. (a) 9.47x10 12 km; (b) 7.2 au/h. 4. 0.514 m/s. 5. 134 in 3 . 6. (a) 5; (b) 3; (c) 4; (d) 2 to 4. 7. (a) A = r 2 = 55.4 m 2 ; (b) A = 4 r 2 = 2.7 m 2 ; (c) V = 4 r 3 / 3 = 52.17 m 3 . 8. 3.33x10 3 . 9. (a) 1.495x10 11 m, (b) 5.893x10 -7 m, (c) 2x10 -10 m, (d) 4x10 -15 m. 10. (a) Correct; (b) Wrong; (c) Correct.

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A series of questions that are pertinent to passing a Physics class at Miami Dade College. Unfortunately they do not use an official text book.

TRANSCRIPT

Chapter I

Introduction

Selected exercises:

1. Express the U.S. speed limit of 55 miles per hour in (a) ft/s; (b) m/s. 2. The density of water is about 1 g/cm

3. What is this in SI units?

3. (a) The distance traveled by light in a year is called a light-year. Given that the speed of light is 3.00x10

8 m/s, express

the light-year in kilometers. (b) The average distance between the earth and the sun is called an astronomical unit (au) and its value is about 1.5x10

11 m. What is the speed of light in au/h?

4. A knot is a nautical unit of speed: 1 knot = 1.15 mph. What is a knot in m/s? 5. A small car has a 2.2-L engine. Convert this to cubic inches. 6. Specify the number of significant figures in each of the following values: (a) 23.001 s; (b) 0.500x10

2 m; (c) 0.002030

kg; (d) 2700 kg/s.

7. Given that = 3.14159, find: (a) the area of a circle of radius 4.20 m; (b) the surface area of a sphere of radius 0.46 m; (c) the volume of a sphere of radius 2.318 m.

8. Evaluate [(3.00x10

12) (1.20x10

-20) / (4.00 x 10

-1)]-1/2.

9. Convert the following to scientific notation: (a) the distance to the sun, 149,500,000,000 m; (b) the wavelength of

yellow sodium light, 0.000,000,5893 m; (c) the radius of an atom 0.000,000,000,2 m; (d) the radius of a nucleus 0.000,000,000,000,004 m.

10. Check the following equations for dimensional consistency where v is speed (m/s), a is acceleration (m/s

2), and x is

position (m): (a) x = v2 / (2a); (b) x = a t; (c) t = (2x / a)

1/2.

Some unit equivalences: 1 mi = 5280 ft, 1 mi = 1.609 km, 1 km = 1000 m, 1 kg = 1000 g, 1 m = 10 dm = 100 cm, 1 L = 1 dm

3, 1 in = 2.54 cm

Answers: 1. (a) 55 mi/h (5280 ft / mi) (1 h / (3600 s)) = 80.7 ft/s; (b) 24.6 m/s. 2. 10

-3 kg / (10

-2 m)

3 = 10

3 kg/m

3.

3. (a) 9.47x1012

km; (b) 7.2 au/h. 4. 0.514 m/s. 5. 134 in

3.

6. (a) 5; (b) 3; (c) 4; (d) 2 to 4.

7. (a) A = r2 = 55.4 m

2; (b) A = 4 r

2 = 2.7 m

2; (c) V = 4 r

3 / 3 = 52.17 m

3.

8. 3.33x103.

9. (a) 1.495x1011

m, (b) 5.893x10-7

m, (c) 2x10-10

m, (d) 4x10-15

m. 10. (a) Correct; (b) Wrong; (c) Correct.