physical features of africa. sub-saharan africa is composed of a huge plateau
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Physical Features of Africa
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Sub-Saharan Africa is composed of a huge plateau
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The edges of the continent tend to end in Escarpments
• Steep cliff at the edge of a plateau with a lowland area below
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River Transportation impeded by waterfalls and rapids
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Kongou Falls - Gabon
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Victoria Falls
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The Great Rift Valley• A rift valley is a large break in the Earth’s
surface formed by shifting tectonic plates (divergent)
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Location of equator through middle of region acts like a mirror
• Similar climatic patterns north and south of equator
Desert
Desert
Tropical Tropical
Savannah
Savannah
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Desertification of the Sahel
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Smooth Coastline, few harbors
• Harbor – a part of a body of water along the shore deep enough for anchoring a ship and situated to provide protection from wind, waves, and currents
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Large Number of Land-locked countries
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Soil Composition – not a lot of fertile land
• Limited fertility of rain forest soil
• Deserts– Sahara in north, Kalahari in south, Namib in
south east
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Africa has approximately 30 percent of the earth’s remaining mineral
resources. South Africa’s total mineral reserves alone is estimated to be worth
$2.5 trillion. The continent has the largest reserves of precious metals with
over 40 percent of the planet’s gold reserves, over 60 percent of the cobalt,
and 90 percent of the platinum reserves
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How does the physical geography of Africa affect settlement,
conquest, and development?
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• Plateau• Hydroelectric Power• Escarpment• Rift Valley• Animism• Sub-Saharan• Imperialism• Colony• Harbor