Physical development

Dr Jeremy Jolley

Gross Motor 0-1 month

Primary reflexes, placing, primary walk, grip

Prone – turns head to one side

Limbs held in flexion Marked head lag

when pulled to sit

Gross motor 1-3 months

Prone – raises chin off floor Bottom gradually lower Knees straighten Rests on forearms

Supine – head in midline Hands brought together

in finger play (3/12) No head lag (3/12)

Three months

Gross motor: 3-6 months

Prone, support on extended arms, rests on hands

Reaches out for toy (4-5/12)Grasps feet (6/12)Holds arms out to be lifted (6/12)Sits with support (6/12)Held, takes weight on legs

Gross motor: 6-12/12

Reaches for and holds toys Pulls self to sit (7/12) Sits with support of own arm

(7/12) Sits with no support, reaches for

toy (8/12) Pulls to stand holding on but

cannot get down (10/12) Attempting to crawl (8/12) Cruises (stepping sideways)

(12/12) Can let self down from furniture Walks with hand held (11-12/12)

6 months

8 months

Gross motor: 12-15/12

Walks alone (13-14/12)

Kneels Crawls upstairs (not

downstairs)

12 months

14 months

Gross motor: 15-18/12

Walks as adult, runs (18/12) Pulls and pushes large

wheeled toy Crawls upstairs and

downstairs (backwards) Bends knees to pick up toy

from floor Backs into chair Climbs forward into adult

chair to sit

18 months

Gross motor: 2 years

Runs well, starting and stopping

Walks upstairs, two feet to a step

Climbs on furniture

Gross motor: 2½ years

Walks up and downstairs two feet to a step

Sits on cycle (no use of pedals)

2 ½ years

Gross motor: 3 years

Walks upstairs but downstairs two feet to a step

Can walk on tip-toe Stands on one foot Pedal cycle using

pedals

Gross motor: 4 years

Walks up and down stairs in adult fashion

Runs on tip-toe

Gross motor: 5 years

Runs up and down stairs

Stands on one foot with folded arms

Hops and skips on one foot

Age 6

Fine motor: 1/12

Eyes follow moving ball

Regards face

Fine motor: 3/12

Supine – finger play Holds toy but cannot

coordinate eyes and hands

Follows moving ball vertical and horizontal

Fine motor: 6/12

Supine: holds feet and brings to mouth

Grasps toy with both hands and brings to mouth

Palmer grasp and transfer

Fine motor: 9 months

Pokes toy Scissor grasp Begins to be able to

find toy hidden from sight

Fine motor: 1 year

Points Plays pat-a-cake Finds hidden toy

Fine motor: 15 months

Builds tower of two Carries doll while

walking Grasps crayon and

scribbles to and fro

Fine motor: 1½ years

Tower of three bricks

Fine motor: 2 years

Tower of 6-7 bricks Turns pages singly Uses cup safely

Fine motor: 2½ years

Copies a ‘V’ shape Uses preferred hand

Fine motor: 3 years

Copies circle and ‘V’ shape

Uses scissors

Fine motor: 4 years

Builds simple buildings with bricks

Fine motor: 5 years

Copies squares and crosses

Physical development

Dr Jeremy Jolley