Physical and Chemical Properties

Properties

• Every piece of matter we come in contact with has unique characteristics that make that matter the way it is.

• The characteristics are called properties.

Properties

• There are two types of properties.– Physical Properties– Chemical Properties

Physical Properties

• A physical property is any characteristic of a material that can be observed with out changing the composition of the material.

Physical Properties

• There are 7 main physical properties.– Density– Viscosity– Conductivity– Malleability– Hardness– Melting point and Boiling point

Density

• Density is the amount of matter in a given volume.

• An objects density is the object’s mass divided by its volume.

• D= m/v

Viscosity

• Viscosity is a liquids resistance to flowing. Basically how runny it is.

• High Viscosity = thick liquidEX: cold honey

• Low Viscosity = thin, runny liquid Ex: Water

Conductivity

• Conductivity is the ability to allow heat to flow through a material.

• Materials that are good conductors of heat are usually also good conductors of electricity.

Malleability

• Malleability is the ability of a solid to be hit with out shattering.

Hardens

• Hardness is how resistant a material is to being scratched.

Melting Point and Boiling Point

• Melting point is the temperature at which a material changes from a solid to a liquid.

• Boiling point is the temperature at which a material changes form a liquid to a gas.

Chemical Properties

• Chemical Properties can only be observed when a material is changing into a new substance.

Chemical Properties

• There are two main chemical properties.

– Flammability– Reactivity

Flammability

• Flammability is a materials ability to burn in the presence of oxygen.

Reactivity

• Reactivity is how easily a substance combines chemically with another substance.