PhotosynthesisPlant – multicellular eukaryotes that have cell walls made of cellulose and photosynthesize.

Billy

“stationary animals that eat sunlight”

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) One of the most important compounds that cells use.

Stores and releases energy - adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

ATP consists of adenine, a 5-carbon sugar called ribose, and three phosphate groups.

Adenosine Triphosphate (ATP) Adenosine diphosphate

(ADP) has two phosphate groups instead of three. ADP does not contain as much energy as ATP. Another P is added to ADP to form ATP.

Cells release the energy stored in ATP by breaking the bonds between the second and third phosphate groups.

Uses of ATP Powers protein pumps in the

cell membrane Powers cilia and flagella Power for synthesis of

proteins Powers motor proteins that

contract muscles Provides cell energy

How could a small seed become a giant tree?

Heterotroph – obtains energy from food it consumes

Autotroph – uses energy from the sun to produce food

Photosynthesis - autotrophs use the energy of sunlight to produce high-energy carbohydrates that can be used for food.

Autotroph or Heterotroph

Photosynthesis6CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6O2

LIGHT

Carbon Dioxide

Water

Glucose

Oxygen

What is Light?

Light Speed, c = 2.9979 x 108 m/s

Or 670.6 million mph

Which type of light carries more energy, blue or red?

Why are plants usually green?

Electromagnetic SpectrumWave length and energy are inversely proportional

• The smaller the wave length, the more energy

• Blue light is high energy

• Red light is low energy

They reflect green light

Plant Pigments Pigments – light absorbing molecules Chlorophyll – the most abundant pigment

in plants, that absorbs blue and red light. Chlorophyll a - a blue-green pigment Chlorophyll b - a yellow-green pigment

Accessory Pigments Carotene - an orange pigment

Xanthophyll - a yellow pigment

Anthocyanin – a red pigment

Photosynthesis Takes place in the

chloroplast Thylakoids – saclike

photosynthetic membrane in the chloroplast

Grana – stacks of thylakoids

Stroma - the region outside of the thylakoid membranes

Photosynthesis (Overall)

Light

CO2H2O

Chloroplast

LIGHTREACTIONS(in thylakoids)

CALVINCYCLE

(in stroma)

NADP+

ADP

+ P

ATP

NADPH

O Sugar

Electrons

Light Dark

Factors Affecting Photosynthesis Shortage of water

H2O acts as the electron donor in the light dependent reaction

Temperature Photosynthesis is

controlled by enzymes that work best between 0 C and 35 C.

Light Intensity More light increases rate

of photosynthesis

Photosynthesis and respiration are complimentary processes.

Products of one are reactants for the other.

Lightenergy

PHOTOSYNTHESIS

6 CO2 6+ H2O

Carbon dioxide Water

C6H12O6 6+ O2

Glucose Oxygen gas

C6H12O6 CO26 H2O ATPs

Glucose Oxygen gas Carbon dioxide

6

Water Energy

O2 6+ + +

Respiration

Photosynthesis

Organize your thoughtsWorking in pairs at your tables please address the

following: What is the chemical equation for photosynthesis

(reactants/products) What is light? How does it play a role in

photosynthesis? Write down everything that you already know

about photosynthesis. Lastly, what is it that you don’t understand about

plants or photosynthesis?

Green Solar Cells1. What is responsible for the various shades of

green in plants?

2. What is the function of the stroma lamellae?

3. What evidence supports the theory that chloroplast were once invasive cells?

4. How is excess food stored?

5. How does the author define photosynthesis?

2

1

3

4

5

6

Light

CO2H2O

Chloroplast

LIGHTREACTIONS(in thylakoids)

CALVINCYCLE

(in stroma)

NADP+

ADP

+ P

ATP

NADPH

O Sugar

Electrons

Photosynthesis – Light and Dark Reactions

Light Dark

2

1 3

4

Dark Reaction (Calvin Cycle)

7._______

6._______

1._______

4._____________

3.___________

2._______________

5._____________

Homework (for Thurs. 12/9):

1.In text read pgs 230-2332.In 8.2 assessment on pg 234 answer question #1,2 and 3 all parts of each question

Using the light reaction diagram:

On your own, describe the four steps of the light reaction in your own words. Use complete sentences.

In your group:1. See if you can write the chemical

equation for photosynthesis (inputs and outputs)

2. What is the organelle in plant cells that is most involved with photosynthesis

3. Explain why this organelle captures energy

4. What is light?5. Make a list of things you already know

about photosynthesis

Light Reaction

1.

9.

6.

4.

5.

3.

Type of Transport =

Type of transport =

2.

7.

8.

10.

H+ Concentration =

H+ Concentration =