Nutrition

• The process by which organisms obtain energy and nutrients from food, for growth, maintenance and repair of damaged tissues.

• Living organisms can be divided into two main groups base on their nutritional habits:

Can synthesis foods Obtain energy through the intake and digestion of organic substance

All living thing need food to live. Which are able to make food?

Algae Cactus Hydrilla sp. shark

Seaweed Parrot Hibiscus

Spider Grasshopper Human

A Brief History of the Discovery of Photosynthesis

Aristotle

Jan Ingenhousz

Jean Baptiste

van Helmont

Joseph Priestly

Jean Senebier

de Saussure

Robert Mayer

Blackman

Rob

ert H

ill

Required ______________ (from the air) and _________ (from the soil) to synthesise food in the presence of ___________

Synthesise carbohydrates (____________) and release _____________________ during photosynthesis.

Carry out photosynthesis in the green parts of plants which contain __________________.

In conclusion, scientists have shown that plants:

Physical structure of leaves Physical structure of leaves adapted for photosynthesisadapted for photosynthesis

• Consists of a flat, thin lamina.

(flat: has a large surface to trap sunlight;

thin: light can penetrate)

• The leaf of whole plant are arranged so that they shade each other as little as possible ( the leaves are in an optimal position for photosynthesis)

Leaf mosaic

The cross section of leaf and adaptation of the structure of a leaf for

photosynthesis

Draw and label this structure on a piece of paper

Support photosynthesis by allowing the exchange of __________ between inside of the leaf and its surroundings

Enable the ___________ and __________ of stomata.

• A ________________ covering which protects the leaf.

• _________________ to prevent excessive water loss.

• _________________, allow light to enter the leaf

• Coated with cuticle. Consist of ____________ layer. Thin and transparent. Does not contain ____________.

• Allows light to penetrate the leaf and reach the light trapping chloroplast inside

• Are packed tightly together in an upright arrangement near the upper surface of leaf.

• Have high density of __________________________.

• Consist of cell which have irregular ___________. (to increase the internal surface area for ________________ exchange).

• Have ___________ chloroplasts than palisade cells.

• The cells are ____________ arranged.

• The cell walls are coated with a firm of __________. The moist surfaces allow gaseous exchange to take place efficiently in the cells.

• Consists of _______________ and _________________.

• ______________ transports mineral ions and _________ to the leaf. _______________ transports the products of photosynthesis away from the leaf.

The cross section of leaf and adaptation of the structure of a leaf for photosynthesis

Forms the lower protective boundary to the leaf. Does not contain chloroplasts except for guard cells which are specialised.

Action or process of adjustment to the environment condition

Plants from different habitats show a variety of adaptations to carry out photosynthesis optimally.

In order to photosynthesis efficiently, plants need to have a method for __________ and an efficient means of absorbing ____________.

Form in groups of 6 and discuss about the adaptation of plants from different habitats to carry out photosynthesis

• Land Plants

• Floating Plants

• Desert Plants

• Aquatic Plants That Are Submerged