phonology sounds and word stress input - ning
TRANSCRIPT
PhonologySounds & Stress
–Ken Arkind, An Experiment in Noise in A Sharp Major.
“Put your guns away — our weapon’s in our chest. Your body is an arsenal.
Your gut is a foxhole. Your lungs are magazines meant to carry the
ammunition of your breath. Your throat is a barrel.
Your tongue is a trigger.”
the articulatory system
vocal foldsvoiced or voiceless sounds
a-e-i-o-uSay these letters without stopping - in one breath.
b-c-d-f-g-h-j-k-l-etc.Can you do the same with these letters?
Phonetic Alphabet(English consonants only)
Consonants bilabial labiodental dental alveolar palatal velar labiovelar glottal
Stop Vl Vd
p b
t d
k g
Fricative Vl Vd
f v
Θ ð
s z
ʃ ʒ h
Affricate Vl Vd
tʃ dʒ
Nasal Vl Vd m n ŋ
Lateral Vl Vd l
Retroflex Vl Vd r
Glide Vl Vd j w
Phonetic AlphabetAmerican English Vowels
Front Central Back
High ɪ (bit) i (beat)
u (boot) ʊ (book)
Mid e (men) ɛ (bet)
ə (about) ʌ (but)
o (boat) ɔ (saw)
Low æ (bat) ɒ (sock)
Diphthongs/eɪ/say/ɔɪ/toy
/oʊ/no
/aɪ/I
/aʊ/sound
IPA Typewriterhttp://www.e-lang.co.uk/mackichan/call/pron/type.html
Board Races: -ed endings
/ɪd/
/t/
/d/
minimal pairs: /rid/ or /red/
/p/ or /b/
pea bee pin bin
peg beg peep beep
pay bay peach beach
park bark pig big
peas bees path bath pug bug pie bye
Free
Word Stress
Look at these words.
What rule can we derive about word stress?
Sun
Silly
Simplify
Simplicity
Serendipity
Each word has one main syllable stress.
Sun
Silly
Simplify
Simplicity
Serendipity
rebel & rebel
record & record
progress & progress
present & present
Word stress can change the part of speech.
rebel & rebel
record & record
progress & progress
present & present
Modern
Pleasent
Hopeful
Willing
Modern
Pleasent
Hopeful
Willing
Most two-syllable adjectives take the stress on the first syllable.
desktop
pantsuit
hardheaded
easygoing
overpay
underestimate
Compound nouns take the stress on the 1st word; adjectives and verbs take the stress on the 2nd.
desktop
pantsuit
hardheaded
easygoing
overpay
underestimate
let down & letdown
shut out & shutout
print out & printout
turn off & turnoff
Phrasal verbs can become compound nouns by shifting the stress.
let down & letdown
shut out & shutout
print out & printout
turn off & turnoff