/fƏnetɪks/

Phonetics is general study of all human speech sounds and how they are produced ,transmitted and received.

Organs of speech

A knowledge of phonetics enables teachers to:1) give a true description of sounds of English and

how they are made.2) point out the mistakes in learner’s pronunciation

and help them learn the correct form.3) differentiate sounds of English from those of the

mother tongue.

Phonetics describes these sounds using symbols of IPA

1-Consonants

2-Vowels

3-Diphthongs

The smallest unit of sound in speech.

e.g /m/,/k/

1 phonemic symbol = only 1 phoneme

1 letter may = more than 1 phoneme

1-Voiced : a sound is voiced if the vocal cords vibrate.

/ b, g , v,d,z,Ʒ,ʤ,ð,l,r,w,j,m,n,ɳ/

2- Voiceless(unvoiced): a sound is voiceless if the vocal cords are not vibrating. /p ,t ,k ,f ,s ,h , , ʧ , ʃ /ϴ

Two identical sounding words that vary in only one sound

Which occurs in the same position in both words shoes choose sink think rice rise

move, order ,watch, pass, judge , box, play, start , fish, walk , breathe ,dwarf

watch, pass, box, start, fish , walk, dwarf

1. fat / ɜ :/2.work / a: / 3.leave / ǝ / 4.bird / :/Ͻ5.bunch / i:/6.walk / ɪ / 7.kneel / æ/ 8.father / / Ʌ

1. fat /æ/2.work /ɜ:/3.leave / i:/4.bird /ɜ:/5.bunch / / Ʌ

6.walk / :/Ͻ

7.kneel / i:/8.father / a: /-/Ə/

Two vowel sounds join to form one speech sound.

1-/ǝbaut/ 6- /teɪst/ 2-/fæmlɪ / 7- /ʤɪm/ 3-/haɪt/ 8-/dɪstɪɳkʃn/ 4-/r bɪʃ/ 9-/kjƱƏ/Ʌ5-/t ɪlƏt/ 10-/ æɳks/Ͻ ϴ

1-/ǝbaut/ about 6- /teɪst/taste 2-/fæmlɪ / family 7- /ʤɪm/ gym 3-/haɪt/ height 8-/dɪstɪɳkʃn/ distinction 4-/r bɪʃ/ Ʌ rubbish 9-/kjƱƏ/cure5-/tϽɪlƏt/ toilet 10-/ϴæɳks/thanks

/ id/ / t / /d/

move, order ,watch, pass, judge , box, play, start, fish, walk , breathe ,dwarf

/ id/ / t / /d/

started watched moved

passed ordered

boxed judged

walked played

dwarfed breathed

move, order ,watch, pass, judge , box, play, start, fish, walk , breathe ,dwarf

A digraph is two letters that spell one sound.

It can spell consonant sound or vowel sound.

Add ing to the following words :1- clap 2- write 3- box 4- die 5-open 6-begin

Add ing to the following words :1- clap clapping2- write writing3- box boxing4-die dying5-open opening6-begin beginning

pronounce , confuse , curtain, city , phonetic, dancing, cart ,urgency, echo , cheese ,central ,cyder , delicious /k/ /s/

pronounce , confuse , curtain, city , phonetic, dancing, cart ,urgency, echo , cheese ,central ,cyder , delicious /k/ /s/

confuse pronouncecurtain city

phonetic dancingcart urgency

centralcyder

In English the letter ‘c’ is mostly pronounced as a /k/ sound.

It is pronounced /s/ when it is followed by the letters e , i, or y

1. cupboard, pub, pupil 2. bird, cat, snake 3. tall, desk, half4. Wednesday, Monday, Sunday5. country, child, knife6. island, address, some7. answer, paint, pencil8. hundred, green, white9. lamp, autumn, bath

Examples: island , psychology ,drive , write

b,c ,d ,e ,g , h , k , l , n, p, s, t, u, w

U is not pronounced when it comes after g and before a vowel.

1-prize2- myths3- sandwich 4 -smooth 5- queen 6-thumb 7-actual8-races 9- congratulation

1-prize /praɪz/ 2- myths /mɪ s/ϴ 3- sandwich /sænwɪʧ/ /sænwɪʤ/ 4 -smooth /smu:ð/ 5- queen /kwi:n/ 6-thumb / m/ϴɅ

7-actual /ækʧƱel/ 8-races /reɪsɪz/ 9- congratulation/kƏɳgræʧƱleɪʃn/