Philosophy gives direction to the Philosophy gives direction to the curriculum in terms of its goals and curriculum in terms of its goals and objectives; the schools’ underlying objectives; the schools’ underlying beliefs and values have impact on beliefs and values have impact on curriculum content and choice of curriculum content and choice of appropriate instructional strategies appropriate instructional strategies and learning activities in and learning activities in implementing the curriculum.implementing the curriculum.

SCHOOL PURPOSES

Suggestions from subject

specialists

Use of Psychology

Of Learning

Use ofPhilosophy

Studiesof

Learners

Studies of Contemporary

life

Tyler’s View of Philosophy in Relation to school purposes

Philosophy provides educators, Philosophy provides educators, teachers and curriculum makers with teachers and curriculum makers with framework for planning, implementing framework for planning, implementing and evaluating curriculum in schools. It and evaluating curriculum in schools. It helps in answering what schools are for, helps in answering what schools are for, what subjects are important, how what subjects are important, how students should learn and what materials students should learn and what materials and methods should be used.and methods should be used.

PERENNIALISM IDEALISM REALISM EXPERIMENTALISM EXISTENTIALISM

Reality Ontology

A world of reason and God

A world of things

A world of things

A world of experience

A world of existing

Truth (Knowledge Epistemology)

Reason and revelation

Consistency of ideas

Correspondence and sensation (as we see it)

What works What is

Personal, subjective choice

GoodnessAxiology

Rationality Imitation of ideal self, person to be emulated

Laws of nature The public test Freedom

Teaching Reality

Disciplinary subjects and doctrine

Subjects of the mind-literary, philosophical, religious

Subjects of physical world-math, science

Subject matter of social experiences-social studies

Subject matter of choice-art, ethics, philosophy

TeachingTruth

Discipline of the mind via drill

Teaching ideas via lecture, discussion

Teaching for mastery of information-demonstrate, recite

Problem solving, project method

Arousing personal responses-questioning

Teaching Goodness (Values)

Disciplining behavior (to reason)

Imitating heroes and other exemplars

Training in rules and conduct

Making group decisions in light of consequences

Awakening self to responsibility

Why SchoolsExist

To reveal reason and God’s will

To sharpen the mind and intellectual processes

To reveal the order of the world and universe

To discover and expand the society we live in to share experiences

To aid children in knowing themselves and their place in society

What Should Be Taught

External truths

Wisdom of the ages

Laws of physical reality

Group inquiry into social sciences, method and subject together

Unregimented topic areas

Role of the Teacher

Interprets, tells

Reports, person to be

emulated

Displays, imparts

knowledge

Aids, consultant

Questions, assists

student in personal journey

Role of the Student

Passive reception

Receives, memorizes

Manipulates, passive

participation

Active participation, contributes

Determines own rules

School’s Attitude Toward Change

Truth is eternal, no real change

Truth to be preserved, antichange

Always moving toward

perfection, orderly change

Change is ever present, a process

Change is necessary at

all times