Philippine Popular Culture

Tim M. De Castro Erlinda R. Fandiño, Ph.D.

2

Table of Contents

Module 5: Brief History Of The Areas Of Philippine Popular Culture Introduction 33 Learning Objectives 33

Lesson 1. Electronic Media 34 Lesson 2. Paper-Based Media 39

Module 6: Philippine Popular Culture: A Closer Look

Introduction 48 Learning Objectives 48 Lesson 1. Phrases, Quotes and Pick Up Lines 49

Lesson 2. Selfie Bandwagon 52 Lesson 3. Milk Tea Fad 53

Lesson 4. Teleserye-A Daily Dose of Filipino Leisure Lesson 5. K-POP Phenomenon 54

Lesson 6. Values Integration 55 Module 7: Popular Sports

Introduction 60 Learning Objectives 60

Lesson 1. Basketball 61 Lesson 2. Football 63

Lesson 3. Sepak Takraw 64 Lesson 4. Boxing 65 Lesson 5. Baseball 66

Lesson 6. Values Integration in Sportsmanship 67

3

List of Figures

Figure Description

5.1 Electronic Media 34

5.2 The film, called Dalagang Bukid, was directed by Jose Nepomuceno

35

5.3 Stars of Philippine Cinema's Golden Age 36 5.4 History of Philippine Media 36 5.5 James Lindenberg 37

5.6 Paper-Based Media 38 5.7 The Turtle and the Monkey 40

5.8 Liwayway 41 5.9 Kengkoy 42

33

MODULE 5

BRIEF HISTORY OF THE AREAS F PHILIPPINE

POPULAR CULTURE

Introduction

Popular culture in the Philippines is a concern of recent awareness, recent

exploration, and even more recent definition. Consider the country whose popular

culture is in question: A Third World, developing nation; with many indigenous ethnic

groups still definitely unurbanized; with a long history of colonization that left behind

at least two immediately discernible layers of cultural influence.

Mass media-generated culture in the Philippines is what can be properly

called popular culture, and this is of recent vintage.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module, students should be able to:

1. Understand the Brief History of the Areas of Philippine Popular Culture in terms of

mass media, film, komiks, television and radio, magazines, and literature;

2. Appreciate the development of media; and

3. Apply theoretical knowledge in understanding the concept and spread of popular

culture.

34

Lesson 1. Electronic Media

The Electronic Media

• Film

“The formative years of Philippine cinema, starting from the 1930s, were a

time of discovering the film genre as a new medium of art. Scripts and

characterizations in films came from popular theatre and familiar local literature.

Nationalistic films were also quite popular, although they were labeled as being

too subversive (Fernandez, 1981).

Figure 5.1 Electronic Media

Source: (https://divinemedia.co.in/wp-content/uploads/2019/08/electronic-media.png, 2020)

“The 1940s and the war brought to the Philippine cinema the consciousness

of reality. Movie themes consisting primarily of war and heroism had proven to be

a huge hit among local audiences (20 stars of Philippine Cinema’s Golden Age,

2014).

35

The first film produced by a Filipino is José Nepomuceno's Dalagang

Bukid (Country Maiden) in 1919 based on a highly acclaimed musical play by

Hermogenes Ilagan and León Ignacio.

Figure 5.2 The film, called Dalagang Bukid, was directed by Jose Nepomuceno

Source: (https://images.summitmedia-digital.com/esquiremagph/images/2019/08/16/First-

Filipino-Movie-MAIN-IMAGE.jpg, 2020)

“The 1950s was labeled as the first golden age of Philippine cinema. Four big

production studios (LVN Pictures, Sampaguita Pictures, Premiere Productions

and Lebran International) were at their peak in filmmaking, employing premier

directors like Gerardo de León, Eddie Romero and César Gallardo while

contracting the biggest stars of that period.” The Filipino film industry was one of

the busiest and bustling film communities in Asia, releasing an average of 350

films a year making Philippines second to Japan in terms of film productions a

year (20 stars of Philippine Cinema’s Golden Age, 2014).

36

Famous Actors of the Golden Cinema

Fernando Poe, Jr Susan Roces Eddie Garcia Gloria Romero

Figure 5.3 Stars of Philippine Cinema's Golden Age

Source: (https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/1680/stars-of-philippine-cinemas-golden-age,

2020)

• Radio

In June 1922, a couple of 50-watt radio stations were established in

Pasay and in Manila by Henry Hermann. During that time, the Filipinos

readily accepted radio news and entertainment programs, and local

businessmen, who recognized its profitability, established their own radio

stations to advertise their products and services (Fernandez, 1981).

Henry Herman

Figure 5.4 History of Philippine Media

Source:(https://s3.amazonaws.com/s3.timetoast.com/public/uploads/photos/1111124

0/k.jpg, 2020)

In 1924 the first two call letters “KZ” was assigned to all radio stations

in the Philippines in accordance with the laws of the United States of America.

37

When World War II was over, KZFM was the first radio station to return on the air.

It reopened in May 1945 and was operated by the US Army Office of War

Information (Fernandez, 1981).

In 1947 KZFM, renamed DZFM, became the nucleus of the Philippine

Broadcasting System.

• Televison

“Television in the Philippines was introduced in October 1953 upon the first

commercial broadcast made by Alto Broadcasting System (now ABS-CBN),

making the Philippines the first Southeast Asian country and the second in Asia

to do so. Even before that, during the late 1940s, a number of academic

experiments had been done and replicated by Filipino engineers and students.”

The network that introduced it, ABS-CBN, is currently the leading network in

terms of ratings, reach, and revenue. From 1975 to 1978, the Sinag Awards were

given by the Philippine Academy for Television Arts and Sciences (PATAS).

”The Star Awards for Television are the oldest existing television awards in the

country; they are handed out annually by the Philippine Movie Press Club and

are voted by the press (Goolsby, 2014).

Figure 5.5 James Lindenberg

Source:

(https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=https%3A%2F%2Fcharlieagatep.wordpress.com%2Ftag%2Fja

mes-lindenberg%2F&psig=AOvVaw2GB-asOoxrb6-

Mh9_s2JCg&ust=1603696914018000&source=images&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCIjwgpibz-

wCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAD, n.d.)

38

James Lindenberg, an American engineer dubbed the "father of Philippine

television," began assembling transmitters and established Bolinao Electronics

Corporation (BEC) on June 13, 1946. The company was named after his wife's

hometown of Bolinao, Pangasinan. Three years later, he was the first to apply for a

license in Philippine Congress to establish a television station. After a year, on June

14, 1950, his request was granted. Due to the scarcity of raw materials and strict

import control since 1948, he was compelled to branch into radio broadcasting

instead (Goolsby, 2014).

39

Lesson 2. Paper-Based Media

Figure 5.6 Paper-Based Media

Source:

(https://www.google.com/url?sa=i&url=http%3A%2F%2Fcarptoons.com%2F%3Fq%3Dcartoon

s_investing&psig=AOvVaw28SRONJpp5b6tWHSHx0MY9&ust=1603698114046000&source=i

mages&cd=vfe&ved=0CAIQjRxqFwoTCNDFiJqfz-wCFQAAAAAdAAAAABAz, 2020)

Publishing has changed forever in the 21st Century

Print Media (Comics, Magazines, Books, Newspapers) no longer has the dominance it

once had. With the coming of computers, and in particular the internet, it is now possible

for virtually anyone to publish their own electronic publication. Even printed publications

are easier and cheaper to publish than in the past, using a computer to write and

compile pages, and either a computer printer (for small print runs) or a commercial;

printer (for larger print runs) to produce the hard copy (“Publishing -Electronic and

Paper based,” 2020)

40

Book and Magazine publishers have suffered since the late 1990's as these

changes have provided increasing competition. Large Print Media publishers are

unlikely to disappear though, for several reasons.

Commercially viable Publishing involves a range of skills, and it is rare to find individuals

who can do the lot. Producing the work is only part of the job. Marketing and physically

moving a publication from publisher to consumer are huge tasks requiring a great deal

of expertise. (“Publishing -Electronic and Paper based,” 2020)

• Komiks

Comics in the Philippines (Filipino: Komiks) are widespread and popular throughout the

country from the 1920s to the present. Komiks were partially inspired by American

mainstream comic strips and comic books during the early 20th century. Particularly

after World War II, the medium became widely popular, though its mainstream appeal

has subsided somewhat with the advent of other mass-media forms such

as telenovelas. Webcomics produced by independent Filipino web-based artists have

caught the attention of local and foreign readers (“Publishing -Electronic and Paper

based,” 2020).

Figure 5.7 The Turtle and the Monkey

Source: (https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/0/0e/The_Monkey_and_The_Turtle_3.jpg,

2020)

41

While the first indigenous cartoons may be traced to José Rizal's illustration of the fable

"The Tortoise and the Monkey" (1885), the origins of the mainstream komiks industry

would not arise until after the Spanish–American War (“Publishing -Electronic and Paper

based,” 2020).

Figure 5.8 Liwayway

Source:

(https://philippinepresshistory.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/liway3.png?w=231&h=300 ,

n.d.)

In the 1920s, Liwayway magazine began running comic strips under the direction

of Romualdo Ramos and Tony Velasquez, such as the still-running Mga Kabalbalan ni

Kenkoy (The Misadventures of Kenkoy). Valasquez is considered the father of Filipino

comics (“Publishing -Electronic and Paper based,” 2020).

42

Figure 5.9 Kengkoy

Source: (https://kyotoreview.org/wp-content/uploads/Komiks_one.jpg, 2020)

The first Filipino comic strip was "Kenkoy," which first appeared in 1929, its main

character a city slicker through whom creator Antonio Velasquez commented on "the

foibles of Filipinos grappling with the new manners and mores brought about by

urbanization (“Publishing -Electronic and Paper based,” 2020)

It then consisted of four frames, used as a filler in the popular weekly Liwayway, but

eventually grew to a full-page feature. By 1931 other comic strip characters joined slick-

haired Kenkoy, almost all of them modelled on American A comics characters: Kulafu,

who roamed the mountains of Luzon as Tarzan did Africa; Huapelo, the Chinese corner

store owner (long a stock figure of fun in Philippine life, fiction and drama), Saryong

Albularyo, the barrio doctor whose last name meant quack; Goyo and Kikay, local

counterparts of Maggie and Jigg~,~ and so on through the years and the changing

fashions to eventually include today's superheroes, horror stories, science fiction,

preternatural creatures derived both from lower Philippine mytho logy and from Western

sources. And so there appear Dyesebel the siren; the flying Darna; the Medusa-like

43

Valentina, characters from Philippine folklore, otherworldly royalty and nobility out of the

quatrains of the awit and cordo, freaks of many persuasions like phantomanok

(phantom and rooster) and horse-bodied Petra, + magical agents of good like Karina

and her flying kariton (pushcart), historical figures, sports figures, and in a more realistic

vein, people from daily life - martyred mothers and drunken fathers and business

executives and blue-collar workers (“Publishing -Electronic and Paper based,” 2020).

Since 1972 and Martial Law, the komiks have also been used by government

agencies to cany such developmental messages as the Green Revolution (home

vegetable gardens), housing programs, and family planning. The content - the dreams,

the hopes, the values, the vision of life, the escape from reality (that suggests the reality

escaped from), the problems and their solutions, the total world view reflected in the

komiks - defmitely makes the komiks popular culture. Although not created by the

consumers, these are created for a popular and not an elite audience, by artists who,

although motivated by profit, have their finger on the public pulse, their ears cocked to

the public voice, their minds tuned to the public dream. But it is not only content that

makes komiks "of the people." It is also the fact that they have such a reach and grasp:

For countless Filipinos, the komiks is perhaps the only reading fare - a cheap,

accessible substitute for more serious literature (“Publishing -Electronic and Paper

based,” 2020)

• Magazine

Figure 5.10 Philippine Magazine

Source:

(https://philippinepresshistory.files.wordpress.com/2015/05/untitled20.png?w=166&h=300

, 2020)

44

In 1904 the Philippine Magazine was established. It was the first publication

to be called a magazine in the Philippines, and according to Maslog (1960), “the first

periodical to carry miscellaneous information.” The publication started as the

Philippine Teacher, a semi-government publication for public school teachers but

was renamed Philippine Magazine in 1905 and then became privately owned the

next year (as cited by Marsella, 1969) . In 1929, A.V.H. Hartendrop took over as

editor and broadened its scope. He dedicated the magazine to the cultural

development of the Philippines.

The recent cultural history of the Philippines reflects the influence of the

Philippine Magazine, a monthly published for the Philippine intellectual. During the

height of it success in the 1930's, the monthly featured some of the best writing by

Filipinos in English. Within its pages were cultural essays on diverse topics of

contemporary interest that are milestones in cultural history. Short stories and poetry

in the magazine were written by promising young Filipinos who today are still

producing some of the best literary works in English, A provocative editorial

discussed contemporary political, economic, and social issues with can dor. The

essays, short stories, poetry. and editorials, combined with several regular columns

and special sections, resulted in the most popular and successful magazine of its

kind at that time. The Philippine Magazine's success was the result of the work of its

editor, A. V. H. Hartendorp, a congenial American who had chosen the Philippines as

his home. Because of his great love for the Philippines and his interest in developing

a cultural literary magazine, Hartendorp set himself the task of finding excellent

original material on the Philippines and Southeast Asia. When he undertook his

editorial duties in 1925, the magazine was primarily devoted to education (Philippine

Magazines During the American Occupation, 2015).

45

Assessment Task 6-1

I. Instruction: Draw your own komik strip with your own SHORT original story

II.

III.

IV.

V.

Assessment Task 6-2

Instruction: Write a short essay about this topic: “Will print-based media

disappear in the future?”

46

Summary

“It is clear that definition of what is popular in the Philippine context can be

no easy task. Consider further: although the root word involved is populus, the

people, the meaning "popular culture" has taken on in this day is not just "of the

people" but more specifically of the mass, a mass generally understood to be

urban and industrialized.

Applied to the Philippines and its peoples of different levels of

urbanization, with only a small percentage being urban and industrial in the

Western mode, the term has to take on shades, sub meanings, and distinctions,

all of which demand preliminary explanations.”

47

References

Fernandez, D. (1981). Philippine Popular Culture: Dimensions and Directions. The State of

Research in Philippine Popular Culture. Philippine Studies, 29(1), 26–44. Retrieved

from http://www.philippinestudies.net/files/journals/1/articles/1645/public/1645-1642-

1-PB.pdf

Goolsby, J. (2014, May 11). History of philippine television. Retrieved October 25, 2020,

from Slideshare.net website: https://www.slideshare.net/kikojace/history-of-

philippine-television

Tanoy, Amy (2009). "Presentation 4: The Future of Public Broadcasting in the Philippines".

Japan Media Communication Center. Retrieved January 22, 2020.

Wikipedia Contributors. (2020, October 24). Television in the Philippines. Retrieved October

25, 2020, from Wikipedia website:

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Television_in_the_Philippines

20 stars of Philippine Cinema’s Golden Age. (2014, July 21). Retrieved October 25, 2020,

from The Kahimyang Project website:

https://kahimyang.com/kauswagan/articles/1680/stars-of-philippine-cinemas-golden-

age

Geocities: The Philippine TV History. Accessed January 23, 2009.

Marsella, J. A. (1969). Some Contributions of the “Philippine Magazine” to the Development

of Philippine Culture. Philippine Studies, 17(2), 297–331. Retrieved from

https://www.jstor.org/stable/42632023?seq=1

Publishing -Electronic and Paper based. (2020). Retrieved October 25, 2020, from

Acsedu.co.uk website: https://www.acsedu.co.uk/Info/Writing/Publishing/Publishing-

Electronic-and-Paper-based.aspx

VI. Philippine Magazines During the American Occupation. (2015, May 27). Retrieved

October 25, 2020, from An Online Museum Of The Country’s Storied Press Past

website: https://philippinepresshistory.wordpress.com/2015/05/27/vi-philippine-

magazines-during-the-american-

occupation/#:~:text=In%201904%20the%20Philippine%20Magazine%20was%20est

ablished.&text=It%20was%20re%2Dreleased%2C%20still,Maria%20Guerrero%2C%

20and%20Nick%20Joaquin.

48

MODULE 6

PHILIPPINE POPULAR CULTURE: A CLOSER

LOOK

Introduction

The 21st century high-tech informational advances have greatly influenced the image

of the Philippine popular culture from antiquity to modernity. Now and henceforth, the

millennial Pinoys carried with them the hugot quotes typical of whogoat or in the native

parlance “sinongkambing”, are indeed quotable statements that are sentimental as full of

emotions, yet very popular ranging from the first man of the first city, to the last man of the

last barrio. Eventually, a pick-up line or chat-up line is a conversation opener with the intent

of engaging a person for romance or dating with emergence of overt and sometimes

humorous displays of the wit of the speakers to their target listeners.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module, students should be able to:

1. Discuss their own concepts of phrases, quotes, pickup lines, and selfie

bandwagon, and how these affect their volumes of crazes in terms of milk tea,

teleserye, and k-pop phenomenon; and

2. Share how values integration can be made in the basic and tertiary levels of

curricular instructions spiraled in terms of patriotism, new forms of literature,

corona virus, spoken poetry, photo essay, bayanihan, support system,

generosity, courage, and welcome homecoming among those victimized by

sporadic and sudden volcanic eruptions throughout the country.

49

Lesson 1: Phrases, Quotes and Pick Up Lines

Meanwhile, selfie is an image that includes oneself or often with another person or

as part of a group, and is taken by oneself using a digital camera especially for posting on

social networks. As compounded by the foregoing high-tech cultural advances, the milk tea

craze has been going on in the Philippines in recent years as balanced by the K-pop, a truly

global phenomenon with the distinctive blend of addictive melodies among the youths thus

affecting their worthiness throughout the country, which by all means alerted the DepEd

and the CHED authorities in the restoration of values education in the young generation for

their active share in making this nation great again in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic crisis

which seems no end limit both local and global (Ghaz, 2020).

Phrases

The word phrase has its etymological root via late Latin from Greek phrasis

originated from phrazein which means “declare, tell’, and generally refers to a style or

manner of expression commonly started in the mid 16th century (Online Meaning, 2020).

Quotes

Whereas the term quote " from Old French coter "to mark” from Medieval origin

rooted from Latin auctus, meaning “to increase”. An obscure term for auction, one

guaranteed to impress friends and neighbors, is the Latin word subhastare. It is the

conjunction of sub, meaning "under," and hasta, meaning "spear" (Online Definition, 2020).

From general connotation, quote is repeat or copy out (a group of words from a text

or speech), typically with an indication that one is not the original author or speaker. With

synonyms such as repeat, say again, reproduce, restate, retell, echo, iterate, parrot, extract,

excerpt, derive, misquote, ingeminate, and the like indicative with no originality in distinctive

textual articulation.

50

Pinoy Hugot Quotes

Filipinos are noted for quotes, such the case of hugot as a slang word refers to

drawing emotions from somewhere deep within their being. The so-called Pinoy hugot

quotes typical of whogoat or in the native parlance “sinongkambing”, are indeed quotable

statements that are sentimental as full of emotions, yet very popular ranging from the first

man of the first city, to the last man of the last barrio (Ghaz, 2020).

A brown race flat nose creatures, the Filipinos are undeniably entertainers and

creative thinkers. Those are obviously among the reasons why hugot lines have existed and

become a trend in the Philippines.

Somehow, Tagalog hugot lines may appear as a form of a joke but it shows how

creative the mind is – it can link two things that are very far from each other. However, most

of the time, one of the things in the comparison exists in reality while the other is in the

emotional aspect that is why it is called hugot.

Meanwhile, have a look and scan through a text, website, or collection of data for your

enjoyment of the Pinoy hugot quotes as 5 of the many eye catching jokes of which are

significantly spiralled below:

1. Hugot Lines About Love (Pag-Ibig): “Sa love, ‘di maiiwasan na may U-Turn. Yung

akala mong dire-diretso na, may babalikan pa pala.”

2. Hugot Line About Work (Trabaho): “Magmahal ka ng tapat na pulitiko, yung

tumutupad sa pangako.”

3. Hugot Lines About Family (Pamilya): “Minsan yung mga magulang parang

nababaliw na panahon yan, ang init-init ng ngiti sa harap mo pero sa loob, bumabaha na ng

luha sa hirap ng buhay niyo.”

4. Hugot Lines About Life (Buhay): “Ang buhay ng tao parang kuryente rin yan, ‘di

natin alam kung kailan may interruption para mas lumiwanag.”

5. Hugot Lines About School (Eskwela): “Bago mo habulin ang kung sinuman,

habulin mo muna grades mo.”

51

Pick Up Lines

The word “pick” as etymologically originated from Dutch pikken refers to “pick, peck”

which means to pierce or break up with a pointed instrument; and German picken ‘peck

denotes “puncture”, also with French piquer to “prick” meaning to penetrate (Online

Meaning, 2020).

The etymological source of the word up from Old High German oba, which refers to

"over, above, on, upon" which refers "to a higher place" meaning "get up, rise to one's feet"

(as in up and leave) is recorded from 1640s. Sense of "to move upward" is recorded from

1737. Meaning "increase, to rise up, swell." And thus, the bilingual word pick up meaning,

"lift and take with the fingers," from pick (v.) + up (adv.) (Online – Wiktionary, 2020).

A pick-up line or chat-up line is a conversation opener with the intent of engaging a

person for romance or dating. Overt and sometimes humorous displays of romantic interest,

pick-up lines advertise the wit of their speakers to their target listeners (Pick-up line –

Wikipedia, 2020).

Pick up lines are an interesting method on how to flirt with a girl. They often don't

work, but if you have the right mindset (and to be fair, looks), and can deliver them with a

certain je ne sais quoi, you can actually start a conversation with a girl if you use the right

one.

Among the trends in the Philippines that hook a lot of people are the pick-up lines.

These are humorous lines that are usually used by one person to convey what he or she

feels or want to say through comparisons. One of the people who are known for their witty

and entertaining pick-up lines is the late Senator Miriam Defensor-Santiago (Ghaz, 2020).

Cute pick up lines are great ice breakers. Imagine yourself in your local bar and you

see the most beautiful girl you have ever seen. Your imagination kicks into overdrive and

you start thinking about how to flirt with a girl. But then you stop and realize that you don't

know any cute pick up lines.

52

Lesson 2. Selfie Bandwagon

Selfie is an image that includes oneself (often with another person or as part of a

group) and is taken by oneself using a digital camera especially for posting on social

networks. Apparently, selfie is a photograph that one has taken of oneself, typically one

taken with a smartphone or webcam and uploaded to a social media website. On one hand,

we take pictures of ourselves and post them online for other people to see, like and

comment on (Biotechnology and Robotics - University of Oxford, 2020).

Selfies have become ubiquitous in society both local and global, and there are a few

things fuelling our desire to post selfies (Maher, 2020):

1. We want to be loved: When we post a selfie for the World to see, we eagerly await

for the likes and comments to show up from friends and strangers. Sometimes immediately

after posting, we stick around for a few minutes and rapidly refresh the page to see how

quickly they start rolling in. Why? Because these likes and comments make us feel loved.

After all, it was a picture of me, of my face. Maybe we aren't so ugly after all?

2. We want to be accepted: Those same likes and comments also make us feel

accepted. “I posted a picture of my face and 24 people liked it! Wow! Maybe they think I'm

cool, good-looking, fun or maybe they want to date me?!” These are the types of things that

go through our minds. Maybe we just want to know that someone else cares about us, that

they see us or that we matter.

3. We want to matter: We constantly see our friends posting selfies of

themselves while on vacation, hanging out with friends, doing fun activities, etc. When we

see this, we subconsciously think “wow, that person has an exciting life and does all sorts of

cool things…” It makes us want to post selfies showing the World that we too, happen to be

cool, fun people. We want to matter. We want people to think highly of us. To be honest, we

care what people think about us.

4. We want connection: The reason social media sites and apps, like Facebook,

Instagram and Twitter are so popular is because we are social beings who desire

relationships with one another.

53

Lesson 3. Milk Tea Fad

The milk tea craze has been going on in the Philippines in recent years, but it's far

from over. The tea and milk concoction known for its seabed of chewy tapioca pearls has

been around in major Asian places, like Hong Kong and Taiwan for many years. Meanwhile,

Filipinos rank second highest bubble tea drinkers in Southeast (Manila Times, 2020).

Lesson 4: Teleserye-A Daily Dose of Filipino Leisure

Philippine television drama, also known as teleserye, Filipino telenovelas or P-

drama, is a form of melodramatic serialized fiction in television in the Philippines. Teleserye

is derived from two Filipino words: "tele", which is short for "telebisyón" (television) and

"sérye" (series) (Philippine Television Drama, 2020).

Teleseryes share some characteristics and have similar roots with classic soap

operas and telenovelas, yet the teleserye has evolved into a genre with its own unique

characteristics, often working as a social realist reflection of Filipino reality. Teleseryes are

aired in prime-time, afternoon, five days a week. They attract a broad audience crossing age

and gender lines, and command the highest advertising rates in the Philippine television

industry. The series last anywhere from three months to a year, or even longer, depending

on their rating (Philippine Television Drama, 2020).

Other forms of Philippine dramas include "serials" and "anthologies", which are

usually shown on a weekly basis. These dramas are also intended to air a finite number of

episodes usually lasting one season depending on the ratings (Philippine Television Drama,

2020). However, in the midst of the unwavering desire of teleserye-a daily dose of Filipino

leisure, the pioneering and the largest ABS-CBN was junked totally by majority of the

members of the House of Representatives causing job displacement of thousands of Filipino

professionals and technicians in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic crisis.

54

Lesson 5. K-POP Phenomenon

K-pop has become a truly global phenomenon thanks to its distinctive blend of

addictive melodies, slick choreography and production values, and an endless parade of

attractive South Korean performers who spend years in grueling studio systems learning to

sing and dance in synchronized perfection. Exo, “Call Me Baby” (Zimmer, 2020).

K-pop and Hallyu started its world domination with dramas and movies about ten

years ago. Dramas like Winter Sonata (겨울연가) and Full House (풀하우스) – and more

recently, Coffee Prince (커피프린스 1호점) – and movies like My Sassy Girl (엽기적인 그녀)

and Old Boy (올드보이) are often mentioned when you ask people how they got hooked on

Korean pop culture. For me it was Full House (minus the extremely disappointing kiss at the

end) and My Tutor Friend (동갑내기 과외하기), both of which I’ve probably seen at least a

half a dozen times (Zimmer, 2020).

Then, about five years ago, K-pop started to follow the trails that the dramas and

movies blazed. Asia was the first to fall to the K-pop wave and in the past few years South

America, Europe and North America have become fertile grounds for CD sales, concerts,

and of course, fans. From SM Town selling out a concert in Paris, France to Girl’s

Generation performing on David Letterman and then forcing a Best Buy store in the U.S. to

close due to the massive amount of fans who showed up to see them… K-pop and Korean

media have become a global phenomenon. And Toronto is no exception as can be seen by

the recent 2K12 Korea Night concert sales (and the immense line-up that appeared way

before the doors opened (Zimmer, 2020).

55

Lesson 6. Values Integration

Values integration is generally anchored on the five core thrusts as follows:

• Studying and working hard are acts of worship

• To love and forgive each other for the sake of God

• To repel evil with good in return

• To love for others what you love for your self

• Modesty in dress and actions at all times

In the Philippine scenario, values are integrated in the basic and tertiary levels of

curricular instructions spiralled as follows:

Patriotism and Unit. The DepEd as advanced by the CHED has been making efforts

to help instil nationalism and patriotism among children both young and adult for them to

remember the great deeds done by our national heroes for the attainment of freedom in the

country (French, 2019).

New Forms of Literature. The newest type of literature that has been defined as a

distinct genre is media. This categorization was created to encompass the many new and

important kinds of texts in our society today, such as movies and films, websites,

commercials, billboards, and radio programs (French, 2019).

Corona Virus. The coronavirus pandemic has changed how millions around the

globe are educated. New solutions for education could bring much needed innovation.

Given the digital divide, new shifts in education approaches could widen equality gaps. In a

matter of weeks, coronavirus (COVID-19) has changed how students are educated around

the world (French, 2019).

Spoken Poetry. We will learn more about spoken poetry, its importance, and some

examples in Tagalog. Spoken word poetry is an art form that gives emphasis on the

aesthetics of wordplay. It is a medium in which artists express their emotions through writing

and speech (French, 2019).

Photo Essay. It is simply a collection of images that are placed in a specific order to

tell the progression of events, emotions, and concepts. Used by world class photojournalists

such as Lauren Greenfield and James Nachtwey, and Joachim Ladefoged to name a few,

56

the photo essay takes the same story telling techniques as a normal essay, translated into

visual images (French, 2019).

Bayanihan. It is popularly known since the time of antiquity to modernity as a core

essence of the Filipino culture. It is helping out one’s neighbor as a community, and doing a

task together, thus lessening the workload and making the job easier. It is also called the

‘community spirit’. It is best exhibited when people wish to move locations in the rural area

(French, 2019).

Support System. In the modern parlance otherwise known as the Operations

Support Systems (OSS), or Operational Support Systems in British usage, are computer

systems used by telecommunications service providers to manage their networks (e.g.,

telephone networks). They support management functions such as network inventory,

service provisioning, network configuration and fault management. Thus, in the COVID-19

pandemic crisis, the OSS is used as online blended teaching-learning process starting from

kindergarten to the post graduate levels of education both local and global (French, 2019).

Generosity. It is the trait of being willing to give your money or time. Synonyms of

which are generousness and charitableness, a generosity as manifested by practicing

charity (as for the poor or unfortunate) as well as bounteousness and bounty conceived then

as generosity evidenced by a willingness to give freely without expecting something in

return (French, 2019).

Courage. It has direct bearing on the ability to do something that frightens one often

called as boldness to face the ordeal with a strength in the face of pain or grief. The

synonymous terms are bravery, braveness, valor, fearlessness , intrepidity, nerve, daring,

and audacity (French, 2019).

A Homecoming at Taal Volcano: “Everything’s Gone in A Blink” – An essay.

'Everything's Gone in the Blink of an Eye. ... “My home is now gone,” claimed Melvin

Mendoza, 39, a boatman that returned on Tuesday to Taal, the volcanic island in the center

of a freshwater lake simply 40 miles southern of Manila, which appeared on Sunday like an

atomic bomb mushroom cloud. What is horrible, subsequent to volcano irruptions where the

inhabitants in the surrounding lake not fully recovered and rehabilitated, the COVID-19

pandemic crisis emerged nationwide (French, 2019).

57

Assessment Task 6-1

Discuss scholarly the following:

1. What are your own concepts of phrases, quotes, pickup lines, and selfie

bandwagon, and how these affect your volumes of crazes in terms of milk tea,

teleserye, and k-pop phenomenon?

2. How values integration can be made in the basic and tertiary levels of curricular

instructions spiralled in terms of patriotism, new forms of literature, corona virus,

spoken poetry, photo essay, bayanihan, support system, generosity, courage,

and welcome homecoming among those victimized by sporadic and sudden

volcanic irruptions throughout the country?

58

Summary

No escapades among the millennial generation from the 21st century high-tech

informational influences in their carriage of the Philippine popular culture from antiquity to

modernity. Now and henceforth, the millennial Pinoys carried with them the hugot quotes

typical of whogoat or in the native parlance “sinongkambing”, are indeed quotable

statements that are sentimental as full of emotions, as compounded by their pick-up lines

with the intent of engaging them for romance or dating as a departure from the old antique

of harana as done in the classical days. Meanwhile, selfie is an image that includes oneself

or often with another person or as part of a group, and is taken by oneself using a digital

camera especially for posting on social networks. Thus, all these high-tech cultural

advances are truly global phenomena which by all means alerted the DepEd and the CHED

authorities in the restoration of values education in the young generation for their active

share in making this nation great again in the midst of COVID-19 pandemic crisis which

seems no end limit both local and global.

59

References

Biotechnology and Robotics - University of Oxford. Retrieved in 2020 from

https://steel.ac/welcome

Cowper, W. (2020). Retrieved from: www.poetsgraves.co.uk.

French, Lilibeth A. (2019). The Office of the Presidential Assistant for the Visayas (OPAV),

Province of Iloilo.

Ghaz, S. (2020). Ano ang talambuhay ni Sandy Ghaz? Retrieved in 2020 from Brainly.ph

https://brainly.ph/question/2466682.

Gompertz, W Arts editor. Retrieved 2020 from @WillGompertzBBCon Twitter

Hugot... What does this Filipino slang word mean?. (2020). Retrieved in 2020 from

www.tagaloglang.com/hugot/

Milk tea craze . (2020).The Manila Times, Retrieved in February 24, 2020.

Online – Wiktionary. (2020). Retrieved in 2020 from https://en.wiktionary.org/wiki/line

Philippine Television Drama. (2020). Retrieved in 2020 from Wikipediaen.wikipedia.org › wiki

› Philippine_television_drama

Pick up Origin and meaning of phrase pick up by Online (2020). Retrieved in 2020 from

https://www.etymonline.com/word/pick up

Maher, R. (2020). Wikipediaen. Retrieved in 2020 from wikipedia.org

Zimmer, c. (2020). Facebook. Retrieved in 2020 from

https://www.facebook.com/public/Cindy-Zimmer

60

MODULE 7

POPULAR SPORTS

Introduction

Basketball has been a popular sport flowing within the blood of Filipinos as suited to

their taste to play in order to seek amusement by active exercise in out-of-doors for fresco,

despite mandate for strict observance of social distancing protocols due to COVID-19

pandemic crisis. And thus, the kit-cat portraiture of Filipinos to the said kind of the hoop,

catapulted the country as the third largest basketball market after USA and China, and

whether on the islands, or in the city particularly in the affluent areas of Makati or on

makeshift courts in Tondo, basketball runs through the heart of the nation.

Learning Outcomes

At the end of this module, students should be able to:

1. Discuss why basketball has been a popular sport flowing within the blood of

Filipinos by towering on the higher plane, and thus leaving behind other sports

games ranging from football and down the line to sepak takraw, boxing, and

baseball;

2. Decide which sports they wish to engage into; and

3. Integrate values in sportsmanship by delving deeper into the four elemental

components ranging from cooperation to fairness, graciousness,

honourableness, and humility.

61

Lesson 1. Basketball

Though in some instance, basketball towers on the higher plane by leaving behind

other sports games ranging from football and down the line to sepak takraw, boxing, and

baseball, good sportsmanship is one of the life lessons that children can learn from sports

by being cooperative, fair, gracious, honourable, and humble as a dove typical of the living

example by our Lord Jesus Christ who was borne in a cage of sheeps, and ultimately died

on the cross, the lowest form of capital punishment by nailing Him, until eventual death from

exhaustion and asphyxiation, despite the begotten son of God the almighty, creator of

heaven and earth. And that is the case of the end result of humility in sports values

integration (Online Meaning, 2020).

The etymological rootage of the word “popular” from Old French populaire and

directly from Latin popularis "belonging to the people as generally common hence devoted

to or accepted by them which dated back in1540’s (Online Meaning, 2020).

Beyond the etymological concept, the word popular means liked, admired, or

enjoyed by many people or by a particular person or group, and typical example of which is

"she was one of the most popular girls in the school." And thus, from the cultural viewpoint,

the word popular is intended for or suited to the taste, understanding, or means of the

general public rather than specialists or intellectuals (Dictionary.com, 2020).

Whereas, the word “sports” as etymologically revealed by Kuya Kim (2020), from Old

French desporter, deporter "to divert, amuse, please, play; to seek amusement," literally

"carry away" (the mind from serious matters), from des- "away" (dis-) + porter "to carry,"

from Latin portare "to carry, to lead, pass over."

From the restricted sense, the word “sports” means to amuse oneself by active

exercise in open air or taking part in some game" as usually of usage from late 15 century to

the present. And thus, combining both words to form the so called “popular sports” means

likeness of the people as suited to their taste to play in order to seek amusement by active

exercise in out-of-doors for fresco (Ugo Procacci, 1969: p. 15).

Basketball is also the number one sport in viewership and participation, with 99% of

people aware of the NBA. Filipinos have more access to professional basketball games than

62

Americans themselves, with games shown on cable daily, broadcasted across four to five

channels simultaneously (Basketball so Popular in the Philippines, 2020).

The YMCA had a major role in spreading basketball throughout the United States,

Canada, and the world. It was introduced to the Philippines by the YMCA early in the

American colonial period (1898–1946) and was an important part of an overhaul of the

education system (Basketball so Popular in the Philippines, 2020).

The Philippines won several medals in various pan-Asian competitions over the next

few decades. Winning the 1913 Far Eastern games was an incredible moment for the

nation. This was the springboard that made basketball what is it is today, the most popular

sport in the Philippines, and the rationale behind its accessibility as a real key to why so

many people play it – and it is fast and entertaining too. Basketball suits the life of Filipino

teenagers well, and is easy to learn but hard to master. For one reason or another, this

strategic and dynamic nature makes the game rewarding for both players and spectators

considering the historical fact that the country won bronze at the 1960 FIBA World

Championship, the highest finish to date of any Asian nation in the games (now the FIBA

World Cup.) By 1975, the country had established the Philippine (Basketball so Popular in

the Philippines, 2020).

Basketball Association, the first pro basketball league in the world outside of the

United States, and thus from then on, the nation’s love for the game continues. With the

foregoing historical records, Philippines is its third largest basketball market after USA and

China, and whether on the islands, or in the city – in the affluent areas of Makati or on

makeshift courts in Tondo, basketball runs through the heart of the nation (Basketball so

Popular in the Philippines, 2020).

63

Lesson 2. Football

The Philippines national football team otherwise known as Pambansang Koponan ng

Futbol ng Pilipinas represents the country in international football and has been playing at

the international level as early as 1913. Historical facts prove that prior to World War II, the

Philippines had regularly competed with Japan and the Republic of China in the Far Eastern

Championship Games. So far, the national team has never qualified for the FIFA World

Cup[5] and has qualified for the AFC Asian Cup only once, in 2019. They finished second at

the 2014 AFC Challenge Cup after losing to Palestine in the final (Basketball so Popular in

the Philippines, 2020).

Unlike most of Southeast Asia, where football is the most popular, the Philippines'

most popular sports are basketball and boxing, the result from the American rule, thus

drives away many football talents and contributes to the lack of success of football of the

Philippines. Often the Philippines only participated in the AFF Championship and finished

bottom. However, starting from 2010 AFF Championship, the country has started to develop

football as part of the sport's renaissance, finding more incentives to increase football

development and fan support, eventually led to the country's first ever Asian Cup

competition, the 2019 edition (Basketball so Popular in the Philippines, 2020).

The Philippines participated at the Far Eastern Championship Games, which

included football. The first edition was in 1913 and the last was in 1934. The games were

the first regional football tournament for national teams outside the British Home

Championship. The national team routinely faced Japan and China and at one edition the

Dutch East Indies at the games. The Philippines won over China at the inaugural

tournament with the scoreline of 2–1. During the 1917 edition, the national team achieved its

biggest win in international football. Led by Filipino-Spanish icon Paulino Alcantara, the

Philippines defeated Japan 15–2. Dan Palami, businessman and sports patron, was

appointed as team manager of the national team in 2009 by the Philippine Football

Federation. The national team still received minimal support from the government. Palami

made financial investments to the team using his own personal money. Since taking

responsibility over the national team, he has envisioned a plan named Project 100, which

plans to make the team among the top 100 national teams in the world in terms of FIFA

rankings. More foreign-born Filipinos were called up to play for the national squad

(Philippines National Football Team, 2020).

64

Lesson 3. Sepak Takraw

Sepak takraw, or kick volleyball, is a sport native to Southeast Asia. Sepak takraw

differs from the similar sport of footvolley in its use of a rattan ball and only allowing players

to use their feet, knee, chest and head to touch the ball. In Indonesia, Brunei, Singapore and

Malaysia it is called sepak takraw. In Malaysia, it can be known as sepak raga as well. In the

Philippines, the sport is also called "sepak takraw", resembling the related native sport

known as sipà, while the international version is known by the borrowed terms sipà tákraw

or sepak takraw. In Thailand, it is known simply as takraw. In Laos, it is kataw (Lao: "twine"

and "kick") (Ulanday, 2019).

In Myanmar, it is known as chin lone, and is considered more of an art as there is

often no opposing team, and the point is to keep the ball aloft gracefully and interestingly

(Sepak Takraw – Wikipedia, 2020). SUBIC, Philippines — The gold medal rush rubbed off

on the Philippine sepak takraw team which hammered out a double-gold medal haul at the

start of the 30th Southeast Asian Games sepak takraw competitions here at the Subic Gym

yesterday. The Nationals swept the hoop events for both men’s and women’s divisions for a

scorching opener in their bid to claim the overall championship for the first time in history

(Ulanday, 2019).

Playing coach Deseree Autor spearheaded the hosts’ early barrage, leading them

to a whopping 670 points for the women’s gold. Indonesia (660) and Myanmar (640) settled

for silver and bronze medal, respectively. It was the first sepak gold medal triumph for the

Philippine women’s squad that also included Josefina Maat, Sara Jean Kalalo, Mary Ann

Lopez, Jean Marie Sucalit and Abigail Sinugbohan. The Jason Huerte-led men’s squad

followed suit hours later, also posting 670 markers to cap off a twinkill for the Philippines.

Cambodia (450) and Laos (430) finished with the silver and bronze mint, respectively, in the

men’s side. “We prepared hard for this so we expected to dominate the hoop event. But the

real battle begins in regu,” said coach Rodolfo Eco (Ulanday, 2019).

“We hope to sustain this strong start for our mission to win the overall

championship,” said Pilipinas Sepak Takraw Association Inc. president Karen Tanchanco-

Caballero. Together with other seasoned bets Janjan Bobier, Metodio Sueco, Emmanuel

Escote, John Jeffrey Morcellos and Christian Gexorge Encabo, the Filipinos plunged into

65

action at the start of the preliminaries in centerpiece regu event where they placed second

two years ago in Malaysia (Ulanday, 2019).

Lesson 4. Boxing

Manny Pacquiao is a Filipino politician serving in the Philippines Senate and a

professional boxer. Pacquiao is one of the most renowned athletes of the world and the first

boxer in the story to win four of the original eight weight classes of boxing. The foregoing

politician and sportsman, had taken up boxing as a hobby when he was 14 years old. At the

age of 16, Pacquiao decided to make his hobby his profession and started to box

professionally. As an amateur, Manny had a record of 60-4, and later his boxing

achievements are marvelous, to say the least. Pacquiao was named Fighter of the Decade

(the 2000s) by the Boxing Writers Association of America, WBC, and WBO (Forbes, 2020).

Manny has defeated 20 world champions and was ranked second on ESPN’s list of

top pound for pound boxers of the past 25 years in 2016, wherein his net worth has been a

topic of much discussion. Many publications have reported his net worth to be around $190

million but Pacquaio once claimed that he had a total net worth of $3 billion. Manny

Pacquiao was named the second highest paid athlete in 2015 (Forbes, 2020).

66

Lesson 5. Baseball

Baseball was introduced in the Philippines during the American colonial period, and

subsequently became a national pastime in the country. The sport has become a re-

emerging sport in the recent years. National policy and programs on baseball are, since

2018, directed by a renewed organization recognized by the Philippine Sports Commission

and the Philippine Olympic Committee—the Philippine Amateur Baseball Association

(PABA), re-established in the same year (Baseball in the Philippines, 2020).

The first baseball game in the Philippines was played in September 1898 weeks after

the Battle of Manila, a match between Astor Battery led by George Wetlaufer and a regiment

from the American Army. From 1899 to 1900, baseball clubs were established by local

Filipinos. The sport's introduction aided the American colonial government's assimilation

efforts. General Otis planned to eliminate local cockfighting through the introduction of the

sport. A baseball league composing of six clubs was established. Then, Governor General

William Howard Taft encouraged baseball in the archipelago. Baseball grew to be a popular

sport in the country (Baseball in the Philippines, 2020).

67

Lesson 6. Values Integration in Sportsmanship

Regardless of the starting point, there are many values that can be learned by

participating in sports. Apparently, youngsters and older players can learn the value of work

ethic by playing sports. It's not just getting out on the field, court or ice and playing the game

(Values in Youth Sports, 2017).

Guide to sportsmanship dictates that you must be a good sport by means of the

display of the art of manliness. Let your performance speak for itself. After the game, make

sure to tell the other team “good game.” Offer some compliments to the opposing players.

Respect the rulings of officials. If your game has referees, remember to respect their rulings,

even if they make a bad call. They’re human beings and are bound to make mistakes

(Values in Youth Sports, 2017).

The values you convey to your young athletes act as the lens through which they

view the entirety of their sports participation. As a consequence, you should be thoughtful,

deliberate, and yet there is much more to be gained from the sports experience than a

winning record. When children and teens are involved in sports, they are able to learn and

put into practice values that will stay with them for the rest of their lives. Good

sportsmanship is one of the life lessons that children can learn from sports through the

following (Values in Youth Sports, 2017):

Be Cooperative: Join teammates, opponents, coaches and officials in mutual quest for

excellence.

Be Fair: Compete skillfully, guided by the letter and spirit of the rules.

Be Gracious: Savour the challenge of a tough competitor and meet it with your finest

performance, win or lose.

Be Honourable: Respect the game and everyone's contributions.

Be Humble: Take success in stride - share the credit.

68

Assessment Task 7

Discuss scholarly the following:

1. Why basketball has been a popular sport flowing within the blood of Filipinos by

towering on the higher plane, and thus leaving behind other sports games ranging

from football and down the line to sepak takraw, boxing, and baseball?

2. If you were to decide, which sports you wish to engage, and why?

69

3. How values integration can be made in sportsmanship by delving deeper into the four

elemental components ranging from cooperation to fairness, graciousness, honourableness,

and humility?

Summary

Basketball is highly favoured among Filipinos among those enjoying the affluent life

conditions, and those suffering from hand-to-mouth existence as hardly they could feed their

empty stomach indicative of their blatant disregard of social distancing protocols due to

COVID-19 pandemic crisis so long as they can seek amusement by active exercise in out-

of-doors for fresco, and thus catapulted the country as the third largest basketball market

after USA and China.

Though in some instance, basketball towers on the higher plane by leaving behind

other sports games ranging from football and down the line to sepak takraw, boxing, and

baseball, good sportsmanship is one of the life lessons that children can learn from sports

by being cooperative, fair, gracious, honourable, and humble as a dove typical of the living

example by our Lord Jesus Christ who was borne in a cage of sheeps, and ultimately died

on the cross, the lowest form of capital punishment by nailing Him, until his eventual death

for the third day he rose again as the end result of humility in sports values integration.

70

References

Baseball in the Philippines (2020). The New York Times

Dictionary.com. 2020. Definition of Popular Retrieved in 2020 from

Forbes. (2020). Did Pacquiao's success ruined the Philippine Global. Retrieved in 2020

from https://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20090907171147AATuHIz

Origin and meaning of popular by Online. (2020). Retrieved in 2020 from

www.etymonline.com/word/popular

https://www.dictionary.com/browse/popular

Kuya Kim Trolls His Bashers With Random Trivia And It's. Retrieved in 2020 from

https://www.8list.ph/kuya-kim-trolls

Philippines National Football Team (2020). University of Asia and the Pacific. pp. 49–50.

ISBN 978-621-8002-29-6.

Procacci, U. (1969). Frescoes from Florence. London: Arts Council. p. 15.

Sepak Takraw. (2020).

https://www.tutorialspoint.com/sepak_takraw/sepak_takraw_overview.htm

Ulanday, J. B. (2019). The Philippine Star.

Values in Youth Sports (2020). Psychology Today. Retrieved in 2020 from https://

www.psychologytoday.com

Why is basketball so popular in The Philippines(2020). Retrieved in 2020 from

www.crewtoo.com/crew-life/lifestyle/why-is-basketball-so-popular-in...