phenomenology and interactive systems design
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Phenomenology
A philosophy of being-in-the-world with relevance for design
Jelle van DijkNovember, 26, 2013,
SDU Design, Sønderborg, Denmarkwww.jellevandijk.org
Why phenomenology is difficult
• Questions basic assumptions
• Not ‘what things are’ but ‘how things can be (for us)’
• Disagreements amongst phenomenologists
Important phenomenologists
• Edmund Husserl• Martin Heidegger • Maurice Merleau-Ponty
• Hubert Dreyfus
Phenomenology and technology: Paul Dourish, Lucy Suchman, Toni Robertson, Philip Agre, Winograd & Flores, Peter-Paul Verbeek, Charles Lenay, Pierre Lévy
Other phenomenologists (more or less): Brentano, Jaspers, Sartre, Arendt, Schütz, Gadamer, Levinas, Derrida, Latour, and more recently, Francisco Varela, Evan Thompson, Shaun Gallagher, Alva Noë.
Why study phenomenology?
(Klemmer, 2006): Bodily activity [is] essential to understanding human cognition. Dourish suggests phenomenology ... as [a] uniting lens for social and tangible computing.
(Dourish, 2001): [Even in VR] users are disconnected observers of a world they do not inhabit directly. They peer out at it, figure out what's going on, decide on a course of action [using] the narrow interface of keyboard or dataglove. … Our experience in the everyday world is not of that sort. We inhabit our bodies and they in turn inhabit the world, with seamless connections back and forth (p.102)
Phenomenology: A philosophy of experience
Edmund Husserl(1859-1938) Germany/Austria
Experience?
“User-experience is not like usability—it is about feelings. The aim here is to create happiness. You want people to feel happy before, during and after they have used your product. ... It is a touchy feeling kind of thing. Why, for instance, does an Audi S6 give you a much better user-experience than a Ford Focus? I mean, in terms of usability they are pretty much the same. (Baekdal’s designer blog, 2006)”
Martin Heidegger(1889-1976) Germany
Maurice Merleau-Ponty(1908-1964) France