ASSIGNMENT BOOKLET

Bachelor's Degree Programme (B.Sc.)

MODERN PHYSICS

School of Sciences

Indira Gandhi National Open University

Maidan Garhi, New Delhi-110068

(January, 2013 Cycle)

PHE-11

Please Note

• You can take electives (56 to 64 credits) from a minimum of TWO and a

maximum of FOUR science disciplines, viz. Physics, Chemistry, Life

Sciences and Mathematics.

• You can opt for elective courses worth a MINIMUM OF 8 CREDITS and a

MAXIMUM OF 48 CREDITS from any of these four disciplines.

• At least 25% of the total credits that you register for in the elective

courses from Life Sciences, Chemistry and Physics disciplines must be

from the laboratory courses. For example, if you opt for a total of 64

credits of electives in these 3 disciplines, at least 16 credits should be

from lab courses.

• You cannot appear in the Term-End Examination of any course without

registering for the course. Otherwise, your result will not be declared

and the onus will be on you.

It is compulsory to submit the Assignment before filling in the Term-End Examination Form.

Valid from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013

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Dear Student, We hope you are familiar with the system of evaluation to be followed for the Bachelor’s Degree Programme. At this stage you may probably like to re-read the section on assignments in the Programme Guide for Elective Courses that we sent you after your enrolment. A weightage of 30 per cent, as you are aware, has been earmarked for continuous evaluation, which would consist of one tutor-marked assignment for this course. Instructions for Formatting Your Assignments

Before attempting the assignment please read the following instructions carefully: 1) On top of the first page of your TMA answer sheet, please write the details exactly in the following

format:

ENROLMENT NO. : ………………………………………

NAME : ………………………………………

ADDRESS : ………………………………………

………………………………………

……………………………………… COURSE CODE : ……………………………..

COURSE TITLE : ……………………….…….

ASSIGNMENT NO. : ………………………….…

STUDY CENTRE : ………………………..……. DATE : ….……………………………...……

PLEASE FOLLOW THE ABOVE FORMAT STRICTLY TO FACILITATE EVALUATION AND

TO AVOID DELAY.

2) Use only foolscap size writing paper (but not of very thin variety) for writing your answers. 3) Leave 4 cm margin on the left, top and bottom of your answer sheet. 4) Your answers should be precise. 5) While solving problems, clearly indicate the question number along with the part being solved. Be

precise. Write units at each step of your calculations as done in the text because marks will be deducted for such mistakes. Take care of significant digits in your work. Recheck your work before submitting it.

6) This assignment will remain valid from January 1, 2013 to December 31, 2013. However, you are

advised to submit it within 12 weeks of receiving this booklet to accomplish its purpose as a teaching-tool.

Answer sheets received after the due date shall not be accepted.

We strongly feel that you should retain a copy of your assignment response to avoid any unforeseen

situation and append, if possible, a photocopy of this booklet with your response.

We wish you good luck.

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Tutor Marked Assignment

PHE-11: Modern Physics

Course Code: PHE-11

Assignment Code: PHE-11/TMA/2013

Max. Marks: 100

Note: Attempt all questions. Symbols have their usual meanings. The marks for each question are

indicated against it.

1. a) In an experiment at CERN, µ-mesons were accelerated to a speed of 0.9994c. Determine

the life-time of the particle as measured in the laboratory if its proper life-time was 2.195 µs. If the life-time of the µ-mesons was measured to be 32 µs, calculate the speed of the µ-mesons. (5+5)

b) Light of frequency 8.0 × 1014 Hz is produced in a distant galaxy. The frequency of this light as measured on the earth is 5.0 × 1014 Hz (red shift). Calculate the speed of the galaxy with respect to the earth. (5)

c) What is the speed of an electron (me = 0.511 MeV/c2) with a momentum of 200 MeV/c? What is the speed of a proton (mp = 940 MeV/c2) with a momentum of 200 MeV/c? (5+5)

2. a) The average kinetic energy of a free electron in a metal is (3 kT/2) at high temperatures. At what temperature would the electron’s average de-Broglie wavelength be 0.5 nm? (5)

b) The uncertainty in the velocity of a ball of mass 50 g travelling horizontally at a velocity of 100 ms−1 is 0.01 ms−1. What is the uncertainty in its position? (5)

c) Calculate the probability current density for the wave function

.

,

i

rψ = =

r r rrk r

rk

ek

r

What is the number of particles that flow per second through a sphere of radius r? (5+5)

d) Determine [y, Ly]. (5)

3. a) The energy eigen values of a three-dimensional harmonic oscillator are given by

Enl = hω (2n + l + 32

)

Determine the energy spectrum of the oscillator for N = 2n + l = 0, 1, 2, 3. Draw the energy level diagram for the oscillator. (10)

b) Show that R20(r) for the hydrogen atom is normalized to unity and orthogonal to R21(r). (10)

c) X-rays of wavelength 1.5 Å are incident on an NaCl crystal with d-spacing 2.8 Å. What is the highest order maximum that can be observed in the diffraction pattern? (5)

4. a) With the help of a schematic diagram describe the general features of a nuclear reactor. (5)

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b) Cobalt-60 has half-life of 5.25 years. After use for a certain period of time, its activity is found to be reduced by a factor of 16. How old is the sample? (5)

c) Calculate the binding energy per nucleon in C.126 The mass of C12

6 is 12u. Take

mp = 1.007276 u, mn = 1.008665 u,

me = 0.00055 u, u = 931 MeV (5)

d) The decay constant λ of a radioactive element is 0.003465 per day. Calculate its half-life and average life. (5)

e) Classify the following particles as baryons, leptons and mesons:

n, νe, Σ0, η0, µ, Ω−, ,∧ τ, π0, p (5)

******

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TENTATIVE SCHEDULE FOR PHYSICS PROGRAMMES BROADCAST

ON GYAN DARSHAN 1

January 2013 – December 2013 This is the tentative schedule for Physics students. The students may approach their cable operator to avail this facility. Date/Day Time Slot Course Code Video Programme Title

January 2013

06-01-13 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-15 Glimpses of the Cosmos

13-01-13 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-02 Simple Harmonic Motion

20-01-13 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-15 Exploring the Night Sky

22-01-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-02 Dolan

February 2013

10-02-13 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-15 On the Trail of Stars

12-02-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-06 Second Law of Thermodynamics

19-02-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-02 Coupled Oscillations

March 2013

05-03-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 13 Introduction to Crystal Structure

12-03-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 15 Astronomical Coordinates

17-03-13 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE- 10 Operational Amplifier

19-03-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 06 Carnot Cycle

April 2013

07-04-13 (Sun)

9-00-9.30 pm PHE- 15 Astronomical Measurements (Measurement of Distance and Brightness)

14-04-13 (Sun)

9-00-9.30 pm PHE- 01 Rotating Frames of Reference

May 2013

12-05-13 (Sun)

9.00-9.30 pm PHE -15 Astronomical Measurements (Measurement of Mass, Temperature and Time)

14-05-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE -10 Logic Gates

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Date/Day Time Slot Course Code Video Programme Title

July 2013

07-07-13 (Sun)

9.00-9.30 pm PHE-04 Vector Calculus Part-I

09-07-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am BPHE-101 Exploring Physics: Experiments with Low cost Materials

14-07-13 (Sun)

9.00-9.30 pm PHE-11 Matter Waves and the Uncertainty Principle

21-07-13 (Sun)

9.00-9.30 pm PHE-11 Waved Particle Duality

23-07-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am BPHE-101 The Bicycle: A Vehicle for Teaching Physics

August 2013

06-08-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am BPHE- 101 The Physics of Dance

13-08-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 15 The Milky Way

20-08-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE -04 Vector Calculus Part-II

27-08-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 15 Stellar Spectra and Classification

September 2013

03-09-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 10 Digital Modulation

08-09-13 (Sun)

9.00-9.30 am PHE -10 Amplitude Modulation

10-09-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE- 06 First Law of Thermodynamics

October 2013

06-10-13 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-06 Applications of the First Law of Thermodynamics

13-10-13 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-15 Stellar Structure

November 2013

10-11-13 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-10 Transistor Biasing

December 2013

15-12-13 (Sun)

9.00–9.30 pm PHE-06 Thermodynamics in Action

17-12-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-06 Ushmagatiki ke Anuprayog

24-12-13 (Tues)

8.30-9.00 am PHE-10 Electronic Devices

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TENTATIVE SCHEDULE FOR PHYSICS STUDENTS ON DD1 (National Network)

JANUARY 2013 TO DECEMBER 2013

Time: 6.00 AM to 6.30 AM

January 2013

14-01-13

PHE-13 Introduction to Crystal Structure

February 2013

11-02-13

PHE-01 Ghurni Nirdesh Tantra (Hindi)

March 2013

11-03-13

PHE-15 The Milky Way

April 2013

08-04-13

PHE-10 Semiconductor Diode

May 2013

13-05-13

PHE-15 On the Trail of Stars

July 2013

08-07-13

PHE-10 Operational Amplifier

August 2013

12-08-13

PHE-02 Coupled Oscillations

September 2013

09-09-13

PHE-10 Transistor Configuration

October 2013

14-10-13

PHE-06 Thermodynamics in Action

November 2013

11-11-13

PHE-15 Exploring the Night Sky

* Second Monday of every month

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Dear Student,

We would like to get your feedback on the course entitled "Modern Physics" (PHE-11) while you are studying it. Fill in your answers about each unit while you are studying/revising it.

THIS FEEDBACK IS COMPULSORY AND YOU MUST SEND IT BACK

TO US. Please keep a copy of your assignment and feedback with you for

the sake of record.

Do not give incorrect information just to please us. Your answers should be based on your own experience, good or bad; pleasant or otherwise.

PLEASE SEND YOUR FEEDBACK TO US AT THE FOLLOWING ADDRESS:

Course Coordinator, PHE –11

School of Sciences, IGNOU

Room No.128, Raman Block

New Academic Complex

Maidan Garhi

New Delhi – 110068

SUBMIT THE ASSIGNMENT RESPONSES OF PHE-11 AT YOUR

STUDY CENTRE.

If you face any difficulty regarding the course, please feel free to contact us on the e-mail: vijayashri@ignou.ac.in.

We wish you all the very best.

VIJAYSHRI

Course Coordinator, PHE –11

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FEEDBACK ON “MODERN PHYSICS” (PHE-11)

Tick (√√√√) the appropriate responses, wherever needed.

1. a. Name : …………………………………… b. Male / Female

c. Enrolment Number: ………………………. d. Date of birth : ………………

e. Study Centre Code and Name .…………………………...

2. Do you have access to Internet? At home / Yes, at a friend’s home / Yes, at cyber café / Yes, at study centre / No

If yes, write your e-mail address: .......................................................................................................

3. Are you doing B.Sc. Major in Physics? Yes/No.

If not, please list the Physics electives you have opted for in B.Sc.

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4. List the electives that you have taken from other disciplines.

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5. Rate your proficiency in English: Very good/ good/ fair/ average/ not so good

6. Are you employed? Yes/No.

If yes, please specify the nature of the employment

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7. Did you study the course introduction and block introductions before studying the units.

Yes/No.

a) If yes, do you have any suggestions about their content, length, language, etc.

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8. Did you read the introduction and objectives of each Unit before studying it? Yes/No.

9. Are the introduction and objectives of the Units clear to you? Yes/No.

If not, list the difficulties:

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10. Put a tick mark on the correct response:

(i) The level of the course was as I expected.

Yes/No, it was too high/ No, it was lower.

(ii) The topics, concepts covered were interesting and informative.

Yes /No

(iii) The mathematics used was as I expected.

Yes/No, it was Difficult/No, it was easy

(iv) I would have preferred a non-mathematical explanation.

Yes /No

11. Would you like:

(i) to attend radio counseling for the course? Yes /No

If yes, please mention the preferred timings

(ii) to attend teleconferencing for the course? Yes /No

If yes, please mention the preferred timings.

(iii) your difficulties to be solved through letters from counsellors?

Yes /No

(iv) to use the INTERNET facilities for counseling? Yes /No

12. Do you use computer for study purpose? Yes/No

If yes, which software packages do you use?

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13. Your overall comments on the course. (Write the comments on the course after studying it.)

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14. Please fill the enclosed annexure to give us unit-wise feedback.

15. If you have filled in words like 'not clear/difficult/not sufficient/not interesting', etc. in any of the rows and columns for the units in Annexure, please mention what is not clear about each part. Use additional pages if need be.

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16. What (e.g., explanation, diagram, examples, definitions, etc.) would you like to be added or deleted in the units to make it easier to study? Use additional pages if your answer is long.

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17. Have you received teaching comments from counsellors on your TMA responses for other physics electives that can help you in learning the concepts better? Yes/No

If yes, please list all such TMAs.

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ANNEXURE

4. Unit wise Feedback : Answer this part while studying each unit or immediately afterwards.

Note : Please tell us about your difficulties in studying each section of the units. To describe your response, you may select the appropriate words from among the following : not clear, not sufficient, difficult, not relevant, not interesting. If you wish, you can use any other words. For example, if you feel that the language used in Sec. 1.2 is difficult and not clear, you should write the words ‘difficult, not clear’ at *. In the last

column, you have to tell the approximate time you have taken to study each section.

Block 1 Unit 1 : Emergence of Special Relativity

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

Given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the

section (min./h.)

1.2 *

1.2.1

1.2.2

1.3

1.3.1

1.3.2

1.3.3

1.4

1.4.1

1.4.2

14

Block 1 Unit 2 : Relativistic Kinematics

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

2.2

2.3

2.3.1

2.3.2

2.3.3

2.4

2.5

Block 1 Unit 3 : Relativistic Dynamics

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

3.2

3.2.1

3.2.2

3.2.3

3.3

3.3.1

3.3.2

15

Block 2 Unit 4: Wave-Particle Duality

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

4.2

4.3

4.3.1

4.3.2

Block 2 Unit 5 : Matter Waves and Uncertainty Principle

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

5.2

5.3

5.3.1

5.3.2

16

Block 2 Unit 6 : Schrödinger Equation

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

6.2

6.3

6.3.1

6.3.2

6.4

6.4.1

Block 2 Unit 7: Observables and Operators

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

7.2

7.2.1

7.2.2

7.3

7.4

17

Block 3 Unit 8: Some Simple Systems

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

8.2

8.3

8.4

8.5

8.6

Block 3 Unit 9 : Spherically Symmetric Systems: Hydrogen Atom

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

9.2

9.2.1

9.2.2

9.2.3

9.3

9.3.1

9.3.2

18

Block 3 Unit 10: Atomic Spectra

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

10.2

10.3

10.4

10.5

10.6

10.7

Block 3 Unit 11: X-ray Spectra

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

11.2

11.3

11.4

19

Block 4 Unit 12: Radioactivity

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

12.2

12.3

12.4

12.5

12.5.1

Block 4 Unit 13: The Atomic Nucleus

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

13.2

13.3

13.4

13.4.1

13.4.2

13.5

13.5.1

13.5.2

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Block 4 Unit 14 : Applied Nuclear Science

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

14.2

14.3

14.3.1

14.3.2

14.4

14.5

Block 4 Unit 15: Elementary Particles

Section Explanation of

Concepts

Examples

given

Language

used

Mathematics

used

Technical

Definitions

Figures and

Tables

SAQs and

Terminal

Questions

Time taken to

study the section

(min./h.)

15.2

15.3

15.4

15.4.1

15.4.2

15.5

15.6

21

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