Phases of Design(Product Lifecycle)

1) Customer Requirements2) Specification Development3) Conceptual Design4) Detail Design5) Specification of Production6) Manufacture7) Disposal

Pole Vault Pole Functions

Shoot Idiot HighInto the Air

(Repeatedly)

Support Load Be Easy to Use Be Consistent

Spring BackBend Lightweight Fit Comfortably in Hands

MaintainStiffness

Be LabeledProperly

Pole Vault Pole Specifications

For: A Pole Vault Pole

D/WChanges

Specification

Resp. SourceRequirements

USHSF

Standard

Shoot Idiot high into the air.

GeometryFits in Human HandRound Cross Section

KinematicsUnbends Quickly

ForcesBending Force ScalableHigh Breaking Force

MaterialsMoldableDurableDuctileNot temperature dependent

SafetyWill not fractureRepeatable Stiffness

DesignTeam

Standard

USHSF

USHSF

Standard

Pole Vault Pole Specifications

For: A Pole Vault Pole

D/WChanges

Specification

Resp. SourceRequirements

USHSF

Standard

Shoot Idiot 3-6m into the air.Geometry

Diameter between 1-2Length between 10'-17'6"

KinematicsDamping ratio < 0.1

ForcesBending Force ScalableBending angle > 180 deg.

MaterialsMoldableDurableDuctileNot temperature dependent

SafetyWill not fracture99% stiffness after 5k Bends

DesignTeam

Standard

USHSF

USHSFStandard

D

D

D

DDD

D

W

W

W

W

D

Phases of Design (Product Lifecycle)1) Customer Requirements

Understand the Problem

2) Specification DevelopmentEngineering Requirements

3) Conceptual Design4) Detail Design5) Specification of Production6) Manufacture7) Disposal

Functional Requirements:Dough Shaping at Crispy Cremes

Shape DoughShaped Dough

ElossDoughAdditives

I

E

1 2 3 54 6

7

1 2 3+4 5 6

7

Feed in1

Prepare2

Dispense3

Shape4

Separate5

Feed Out6

Return7

Dough ShapedDough

Waste Waste WasteAdditives

1 2 3+4+5 6

7

1 2+3 4+5 6

7

Solution Principle Matrix

Sub-

func.

Solution Principles

(Idea/ Source)

1

Idea: (Mechanical)

Rub on Material

(Mechanical)

Squirt Material

(Mechanical)

Place Material

(like Letterset)

(Chemical)

Change paper composition

Source: Standard product Team #2 Letterset Acid etching

1

(Chemical)

Change paper color

(like Litmus paper)

(Electrical)

Burn paper (spark)

(like old fashioned strip

chart recorders)

(Electrical)

Electrify Paper (glow

discharge)

(Electrical)

Static charge to hold mark

on

(like Etch-A-Sketch)

Fisher Scientific Team #3 Team #1 Etch-A-Sketch

1

(Thermal)

Burn paper (flame)

(Thermal)

Heat paper (glow discharge)

(Thermal)

Melt on Mark

(Magnetic)

Attach magnetic material

(like refrigerator magnets)

Team #2 Team #2 Wax seals Gift Store

1

(Biological)

Grow bacteria, fungus

(Biological)

Modify (digest?) paper

(Optical)

Change light properties of

paper (reflectance, polarity)

(Optical)

Change light (hologram)

Team #2 BioTech Magazine Team #2 Team #2

2

(Mechanical)

Rub off Material

(Mechanical)

Take off material

(Mechanical)

Cover mark

(like white out)

(Chemical)

Change paper composition

Standard product Team #2 Team #1 Team #2

2

(Chemical)

Change paper color

(like dying fabric the same

color as a stain)

(Chemical)

Change mark (e.g., bleach)

(Electrical)

Burn off mark (spark)

ETC.

Team #1 Team #2 Team #2

Example: Design of a “Pencil”Sub-function 1: Make an Erasable MarkSub-function 2: Erase an Erasable Mark

Different Principles to Store Energy

Different working principles to satisfy the function “store energy” by varying the type of energy.

1

2

3

4

5

6

Mechanical Hydraulic Electrical Thermal

FlowingLiquid

HeatedLiquid

SuperheatedSteam

Type of EnergyWorking Principle

Battery

Inductance, L

Pot.Energy

mh

Hydraulicreservoire.g, Piston

MovingMassm

v

MassM, s, T

Flywheelω

J

+V-

J

vω WheeloninclinePlane

LiquidRes.Pot. E.

h

F

Spring Other SpringsComp. GasF

A Simple Competition

20 ftS

tart

Line

6.25 ft

12.5 ft

Function Tree Diagram

Place Masson Target

MoveMass

Navigateto

Target

Brake onTarget

GeneratePower

TransmitPower

HitTarget

The Morphological Chart

Store/AcquirePower

TransmitPower

Brake onTarget

MoveMass

Navigateto Target

Gravity Mouse Traps

Car Hit by Trap Rip Cord Effect Ramp Catapult

Rolling Friction String Break Anchor Rubber Stopper

Equal Size Wheels Larger Front Wheels

Rolling Sliding Projectile Launch

Going from concept to physical reality

.........

...

Combine Solutions fromMorphological Chart

Concept 1: Gravity+Ramp+Friction Brake

Concept 2: Mousetrap+Rip Cord+String Brake

Concept 3: Gravity+Mousetrap+Friction Brake

etc.

THE BIG EGG-HUNTAn Old Competition

A) Each rotten egg in your zone is -3 pointsB) Each regular egg (from the middle level of the nest)

in your zone is 1 pt.C) Each Big Egg (from the top level of the nest)

in your zone is 3 pts.D) All eggs in your basket are valued at 3X

the above values.

Scoring

Combining Solution PrinciplesSub-

Functions

\Solutions1 2 L j L m

1 F1 S11 S12 S1j S1m

2 F2 S21 S22 S2j S2m

M M M M M M

i Fi Si2 Sij Sim

M M M M M M

n Fn Sn1 Sn2 Snj Snm

Combination of Principles1 2

Combination 1: S11 + S21 + … + Sn1Combination 1: S11 + S22 + … + Sn2

1) Formulate Many Alternate Concepts

2) Evaluate Concepts

3) Select Concepts for Further Refinement...

Conceptual Design

Concept 1 2 3 4 5

Criteria

A D

B A

C T

D U

E M

F!+!-!S

First Level Evaluation Matrix

+ = better than datum; - = worse than datum; S = same as datum

+ = better than datum; - = worse than datum; S = same as datum

Concept

Criteria

Cost

GatheringAbility

Safety

RobustnessEase ofAssemblyΣ+Σ-Σs

1 2 3 4 5Bunny

D

ATU

M

Snake

+

SS

S_

113

_

_

++

+

320

_

_

++

+

320

VoodooSpell

__

_

++

230

First Level Evaluation Matrix

Value ScalesPts. Meaning Pts. Meaning

0 absolutely uselesssolution 0 unsatisfactory

1 very inadequatesolution

2 weak solution1 just tolerable

3 tolerable solution

4 adequate solution2 adequate

5 satisfactory solution

6 good solution with fewdrawbacks 3 good

7 good solution

8 very good solution

9 solution exceeding therequirement

4 very good (ideal)

10 ideal solution

Second Level Evaluation MatrixConcept 1 2 3 4 5

Criteria

A: lowmaterialcost

3 1 4 4 3

B: easyassembly

3 4 4 4 3

C: shorttesting time

4 1 3 4 4

D: simpleconstruction

2 3 4 3 3

E:functionalsafety

2 2 2 2 2

F: simpleoperation

3 3 3 3 2

Total 17 14 20 20 17

Relative =Total/24

0.71 0.58 0.83 0.83 0.71

Third Level Evaluation: Pencil ExampleWEIGHT

(0-4)

C1

(RUB ON

- RUB

OFF)

C2

(PLACE

ON -

TAKE

OFF)

C3

(PLACE

ON - RUB

OFF)

WORKING PRINCIPLE:

MAKES ERASABLE

MARK

4 4 4

REMOVES

ERASABLE MARK

4 3 3

EMBODIMENT:

HOLDS POINT 3 2 4

PRODUCTION:

FEW PARTS 4 3 2

SIMPLE TO MAKE 4 2 2

ASSEMBLY:

EASY 3 3

OPERATION:

COMFORTABLE TO

USE

2 2 3

LOW USE FORCE 3 3 4

MAINTENANCE:

SHARPENABLE 4 4 4

SAFETY:

DOESN’T HARM

USER BY

BREAKING INTO

SMALL, HARMFUL

PARTS

4 3 4

NOT POISONOUS 0 4 3

TOTAL POINTS:

New Design Tools at Your Disposal

1) Functional Variants2) Solution Principle Matrices3) Morphological Charts4) Evaluation Matrices

War of the Worlds Proving Grounds

Ways to Score• Knock Down Alien Machines

Entirely in your zone: 3 pts.Partially in your zone: 1 pt.

• Collect VirusesCompletely Inside Your Zone: 1 pt.

• Infect Aliens Completely Inside Your Zone : 5 pts.

• Deliver Humans to Safe ZoneEach Human Saved: 4 pts.

AreaDimensions

(Approximate)

7.0'

2.5'

2.0'1.0'

~ 12"

~ 6"x6"

Side View

Some Details

•Read handout for compete rules•Your team will be given electronics/actuators•Total budget for other supplies is $50•Machines must start in a 12x24x18” volume•Rulings by Faculty are final and binding

Important Events

• Individual Round (week of June 27)• Preliminary Round (week of July 4)• Qualifying Round (week of July 11)• Big Contest (July 22)

Design Review, 5 - 6 PMWar of the Worlds, 6:15PM

• Final Written & Oral Reports (week of July 25)

• 5% of Course Grade is from Design Review• 10% of Course Grade is from Performance

Grading

(Design Review Worth Almost as Much as Final Performance)

Maximum Points Breakdown

1 Individual Round

1 Preliminary Competition

2 Qualifying Round

6 Big Contest

Individual Round

• Two mousetraps and gravity only• 5 minutes• Run your machine up to three times• Total score compared against all sections

1) Knock down aliens (nearest three)

Preliminary Round(First Team Machine)

• Computer controlled• 5 minutes• Run your machine up to three times• Total score compared against all sections

1) Collect viruses2) Knock down aliens3) Infect aliens

Qualifying Round1) All Activities

• Compete against other teams in section (perhaps a few from other sections)

• Several competitions• Compared only to your studio section

Big Competition

• Design ReviewImpress the JudgesAesthetics, Ingenuity, Presentation

• War of the WorldsDouble EliminationWhen 4 teams left, 1 final match

Contest Grade Scoring

Based on number of victories

•Top team(s) will win n matches = 6 pts•Teams with 0 victories = 1 pt.•Others linearly scaled between 1 and 6

Important Things To Do• Read Handout Carefully

• Read it Again

• Review Lecture Slides

• Get Started Early

• Learn From Others(stay out of the garage)

• Don’t Be the Weak Link

• Have Fun