ph sensors - know whether to calibrate the sensor

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  • 7/31/2019 pH Sensors - Know Whether to Calibrate the Sensor

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    pH Sensors: Know whether to calibrate the sensor,clean the sensor, perform a calibration check or ...?

    Fred Kohlmann Analytical Product Business Manager

    Executive SummaryThis paper will address

    KnowingwhentodoapHsensorcalibrationversusacalibrat ioncheck HowtoproperlycleanapHsensor

    HowtoperformapHsensorcalibration Adecisiontreeforstepbystepguidance

    About the AuthorFredKohlmannisaProductBusinessManagerforAnalyt icalProductswithEndress+Hauser.Since1976,hehasbeeninvolvedinengineering,designservice,marketing,andsalesofonlineanalyticalwaterqualityandprocesscontrolinstrumentation.Mr.KohlmannhastaughtaccreditedcourseworkandauthorednumerousarticlesrelatingtopH,ORPandconductivitymeasurements.Pastpublications

    includeWhatIspHandHowIsItMeasured?,aprimerontheuseofpHinstrumentation,andElectricalConductivityMeasurementsintheProcess/IndustrialInstrumentsandControlsHandbook,FourthEdition,byMcGrawHill,DouglasM.ConsidineEditor.

    CP01202F/24/EN/13.12

    US/INDDCS

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    2

    Thephraseintheabovetitleisactuallyincorrectinitssequenceofwording.AllpHreadingsaresupposedtobetakenandaccepted

    onlywhenthepHsensorisclean.Afterall,acontaminatedpHsensormayyieldanincorrectreading.Soonemustmakesurethesensoriscleanbeforedoingacalibration.OnceapHsensoris

    installedintheprocessandoperating,howdoyoudeterminewhenitistimetotakethesensoroutoftheprocessanddoacleaning,oracalibration?Doesoneperformbothacleaningandacalibration

    orjustacleaning,orjustacalibration,ordoesonejustperformacalibrationcheckinbuffersor?

    Thisissomethingthatcanbequiteconfusing,especiallywhen the operational practices and procedures documented

    byyourcompanysQualityControlorEnvironmentalPractices

    departmentmaynotbespecificenoughwhentheydescribetheprocedureorthetimingonwhentoconductthepHcalibration

    andmaintenance.Inversely,theproceduresmaybetoospecific,detailing many more procedures and operations than are actuallyrequired.

    Inpracticalterms,usersmustdeveloptheirownmaintenanceandcalibrationschedule.Thisscheduleisaccomplishedbytakingthe

    pHsensoroutoftheprocessafterasetamountoftime,perhapsafteradayortwotoperformavisualinspectionofthesensor.Ifafterinspectionyoufindnodebrisorfoulingontheelectrode

    andreferencesurfaceswiththenakedeye,rinsethesensoroffindistilledwaterandperformabuffercheck.

    Toperformabuffercheck,placethesensorintothecalibration

    buffersyoutypicallyuseandnotethereadings.Ifthereadingsare

    with int hetolera ncesdef inedbyyourop erationalprocedures,itisnotnecessarytoperformacalibration.Forexample,letususe

    0.2pHasyourtolerancesforpass/failofapHsensorreadinginacalibrationbuffer.Ifthesensorreadswithinthisvalue,intheoffset(7pH)andspanbuffers,(4pH),thesensorneedsnofurther

    actionandcanbereinstalledintotheprocess.Acalibrationisnotnecessary.Repeatthisexerciseeveryfewdaysuntilyouseeachangeineitherthelevelofdebris/foulantontheelectrodeand

    referencesurfaces,ormorethanthe0.2pHdeviationasshownintheexampleabove.

    Toacertainextent,theaboveproceduresetsthebenchmarkfortimebetweencleaningandcalibration.Now,oneneedstodetermine whether the sensor needs just a cleaning or a cleaning

    andre-calibration.Thisisdoneeasilybyfirstmakingsurethesensorisclean.(RefertothesectiononCleaningpHsensors).Itmaybeaseasyasrinsingthesensorinwaterorascomplicated

    asusingacidorcausticsolutionstoremovetheparticularcontaminatebuildupthathasoccurred.

    pH CALIBRATION CALIBRATION

    CHECK CLEANING

    Shouldtheabovestepsnotyieldresultsthatarewithinyourpass/failcriteria,itistimeforasensorcleaning.

    About Cleaning the pH sensors:ForthepHsensortomaintainanaccuratereadingoftheprocesspH,thepHsensormustremainclean.Specifically,theglass

    measuringelectrodecannotbecomecoatedandthereferenceelectrodeassemblymustsimilarlynotbecomecoated,pluggedorotherwisecontaminatedbytheprocesssolution.

    IfthepHsensorhasaslightcoatingorscaling,thismightberemovedusingawaterjetfromafaucetorspraybottle.

    Moreentrenchedcoatingsmayrequiretheuseofagentleacidbrushortoothbrushtocarefullyremovethecoating.

    Dependingonthenatureofthescaleorcoating,youmayfinditnecessary to dip the sensor in a hot water solution containing

    Dawndishwashingdetergentandthenlightlyscrubtheelectrode

    forafewsecondsorsotofacilitatecleaning.

    Foramoreaggressivecoatingofthesensorandoneinwhichthe

    detergentcleaningdoesnotsuffice,youmayhavetodipthebrushina2%HCIacidsolutionandthenlightlyscrubtheelectrodeforafewsecondsorsotofacilitatecleaning.Alternatively,youmayhave

    toallowthesensor(electrodes)tosoakinasimilarsolutionforafewminutestoreallyworkatattackingthecontaminant.Immediatelyaftercleaning,rinsethesensorinwaterandallowthe

    pHsensortosoakintapwaterora7pHbuffersolutionforafewminutestoallowthepHsensortostabilize.

    KNOWING WHEN TO DO A CALIBRATION, CALIBRATION CHECK,

    A CLEANING, OR ALL...

    DawnisaregisteredtrademarkofProcter&Gamble

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    3

    Contaminant Cleaning Solution

    Al kal ineorScale 5%hydroch loricacidorvinegar

    AcidicCoatin gs Weakcaustic(les stha n4%

    NaOH)

    Oil,Grease,Organic Detergentorifcoatingis

    tenacious,anorganicsolventcompatiblewithsensor

    material.

    General Cleaning Procedure:

    1. Keepsensorasreasonablycleanaspossible.

    2. Removethebulkofcontami nantbycarefullyblotti ng/wiping

    awaydebris.Becarefulnottorubtoovigorouslyasthismaycausestaticcharge.

    3. Rinset hesensorinwarmtapwaterordistilledwater.

    4. Prepareacleaningsolutioncontaini ngasoapandwatermixture.Usedishwashingdetergentandwarmwater.Useonlysoapsthatdonotcontainabrasivesorlanolin.

    5. Soakthesensorinthi ssolutionforuptofiveminutesandthengentlyorwhilesoaking,useasoftbristlebrushtogentlyscrub

    thebulbandreferenceareaofthesensor.

    6. Rinset hepHsensorinwarmtapwaterandcheck/standardize

    thesensorinbuffersolutions.

    If the readings in buffers are still out of tolerance:

    7. Soakthesensorin5%to10%HCIacidsolutionforafewlessthanfiveminutes.

    CAUTION!

    Do not use this procedure if the sensor has been

    used in a solution containing cyanide as this may

    produce poisonous cyanide gas.

    8. Rinset hesensorinwarmtapwaterandthenplacethesensorintoamildsoapsolutionforaminuteortwotoneutralizeany

    remainingacidandletthesensorcometoequilibrium.

    9. Rinseinwar mtapwaterandcheck/standardizet hesensorin

    buffersolutions.

    Shouldtheaboveproceduresyieldresultsthatarewithinyour

    operationaltolerances,thepHsensorisonceagainsuitableforuse.HoweveriftheaboveresultsdonotbringthereadingsofthepHsensorwithintolerance,itistimetoreplacethesensor.

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    Start

    Determine interval atwhich time to pull

    sensor for inspectionsometime after initial

    installation.

    Rinsesensor inwater and

    visuallyinspect

    condition ofsensor?

    Does the

    sensorappear to be

    clean?

    No

    Cleansensor in

    proper

    cleaningsolution.

    Yes

    Checkcalibrationin 7 and 4pH buffersand recordreadings.

    Do the readingsfall within your

    operationalguidelines +/-

    x.xxpH?

    No

    End: Return thesensor to the

    process or storeproperly for next

    useage cycle.

    Cleansensor in

    propercleaning

    solution oruse

    elevatedlevel of

    cleaning.

    Yes

    Do the readings

    fall within youroperational

    guidelines +/-x.xxpH?

    Yes No

    Soak thesensor

    overnight in 4pH buffer

    Perform a twopoint calibrationin 7 and 4 pH

    buffers.

    Do the readingsfall within your

    operationalguidelines +/-

    x.xxpH?

    Yes No

    Perform a twopoint calibrationin 7 and 4 pH

    buffers.

    Do the readings

    fall within youroperational

    guidelines +/-x.xxpH?

    Yes

    No

    Discardsensor.

    CP01202C/24/EN/13.12

    US/INDDCS

    DECISION TREE

    Thedecisiontreeisaquickgraphicinterpretationoftheproceduresoutlined

    intheprevioustext.

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