petroleum adulteration and law

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ADULTERATION OF ADULTERATION OF PETROLEUM PRODUCTS PETROLEUM PRODUCTS Presented by Mahesh.S. Lone

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Adulteration of petroleum products

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Page 1: Petroleum adulteration and law

ADULTERATION OF ADULTERATION OF

PETROLEUM PRODUCTSPETROLEUM PRODUCTS

Presented by

Mahesh.S. Lone

Page 2: Petroleum adulteration and law

LEGISLATIONSLEGISLATIONS1.1. ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES ACT, 1955.ESSENTIAL COMMODITIES ACT, 1955.

2. THE PETROLEUM ACT, 19342. THE PETROLEUM ACT, 1934..

33. . Motor Spirit & High Speed Diesel (Regulation of Motor Spirit & High Speed Diesel (Regulation of Supply, Distribution and Prevention of Supply, Distribution and Prevention of Malpractices ) Order 2005.Malpractices ) Order 2005.

4.Kerosene(Restriction on use & fixation of Ceiling 4.Kerosene(Restriction on use & fixation of Ceiling price) order 1993.price) order 1993.

5.Naphtha(Acquisition, Sale, Storage & Prevention of 5.Naphtha(Acquisition, Sale, Storage & Prevention of use in Automobiles) Order 2000.use in Automobiles) Order 2000.

6.Solvent, Raffinate Naphtha(Acquisition, Sale, 6.Solvent, Raffinate Naphtha(Acquisition, Sale, Storage & Prevention of use in Automobiles) Order Storage & Prevention of use in Automobiles) Order 2000.2000.

Page 3: Petroleum adulteration and law

COMMON PETROLEUM PRODUCTSCOMMON PETROLEUM PRODUCTS

CNGCNG

LPGLPG

NaphthaNaphtha

GasolineGasoline

KeroseneKerosene

DieselDiesel

Lubricating OilsLubricating Oils

WaxWax

Page 4: Petroleum adulteration and law

CNGCNG

CNG is the compressed CNG is the compressed form of the natural gas and it form of the natural gas and it is used mainly as an is used mainly as an alternative fuel for IC alternative fuel for IC engines(such as automobile engines(such as automobile engines).engines).

It consists mainly of It consists mainly of methane, a colorless, methane, a colorless, odourless and tasteless gas. odourless and tasteless gas. It generates low It generates low hydrocarbon emissions.hydrocarbon emissions.

Page 5: Petroleum adulteration and law

LPGLPGThose hydrocarbons which are Those hydrocarbons which are gaseous at normal atmospheric gaseous at normal atmospheric pressure, but may be pressure, but may be condensed to the liquid state at condensed to the liquid state at normal temperature, by the normal temperature, by the application of the moderate application of the moderate pressures.pressures.

LPG is a predominant mixture LPG is a predominant mixture of propane and Butanes of propane and Butanes (normal butane or iso-butane) (normal butane or iso-butane) with a small percentage of with a small percentage of unsaturates(propylene and unsaturates(propylene and butylene) and some lighter Cbutylene) and some lighter C22

as well as heavier Cas well as heavier C55 fractions. fractions.

Page 6: Petroleum adulteration and law

NAPTHANAPTHAPetroleum Naphtha is a general Petroleum Naphtha is a general term used to describe special term used to describe special boiling point spirits having a boiling point spirits having a boiling range of approximately boiling range of approximately 30 to 170 30 to 170 ooC.C.

There are two types of Naphtha There are two types of Naphtha marketed, namely, High marketed, namely, High Aromatic Naphtha (HAN) and Aromatic Naphtha (HAN) and Low Aromatic Naphtha (LAN).Low Aromatic Naphtha (LAN).

Naphtha is widely used in Naphtha is widely used in fertilizer plants and fertilizer plants and petrochemical industries as a petrochemical industries as a feed stock. feed stock.

Page 7: Petroleum adulteration and law

GASOLINEGASOLINE

Motor gasoline or more Motor gasoline or more generally known as petrol in generally known as petrol in our country, is the fuel our country, is the fuel usually used in SI engines. usually used in SI engines. It consists essentially of CIt consists essentially of C44 to Cto C1111 hydrocarbons, having hydrocarbons, having boiling point in the range of boiling point in the range of approximately 30 approximately 30 ooC to 215 C to 215 ooC. Obtained by blending C. Obtained by blending components from different components from different refinery processes.refinery processes.

Page 8: Petroleum adulteration and law

KEROSENEKEROSENE

Kerosenes are distillate fractions of Kerosenes are distillate fractions of crude oil in the boiling range of 150-crude oil in the boiling range of 150-250 250 ooC(max 300 C(max 300 ooC) and consists of C) and consists of CC1010-C-C1616 hydrocarbons. hydrocarbons.

Paraffins are the preferred Paraffins are the preferred components of Kerosene because of components of Kerosene because of their excellent burning quality and their excellent burning quality and high smoke point. high smoke point.

Blue Dye (20 ppm) is added to PDS Blue Dye (20 ppm) is added to PDS kerosene to differentiate it from non kerosene to differentiate it from non subsidised kerosenesubsidised kerosene

Page 9: Petroleum adulteration and law

DIESELDIESEL

Petroleum derived Petroleum derived diesel is a mixture of diesel is a mixture of straight run product(150 straight run product(150 ooC to 400 C to 400 ooC) with C) with varying amount of varying amount of selected cracked selected cracked distillates and distillates and composed of saturated composed of saturated and aromatic and aromatic hydrocarbons. It hydrocarbons. It consists of Cconsists of C10 10 to Cto C2525 hydrocarbons.hydrocarbons.

Page 10: Petroleum adulteration and law

LUBRICATING OILSLUBRICATING OILS

Petroleum based lubricating Petroleum based lubricating oils are mainly consists of oils are mainly consists of paraffins, naphthenes and paraffins, naphthenes and aromatics. It consists of Caromatics. It consists of C2626--CC40 40 Hydrocarbons.Hydrocarbons.

A good oil has different A good oil has different characteristics, which include characteristics, which include High Viscosity Index, Low High Viscosity Index, Low pour point, Corrosion pour point, Corrosion prevention, Thermal stability prevention, Thermal stability and resistance to oxidation.and resistance to oxidation.

Page 11: Petroleum adulteration and law

ADULTERATIONADULTERATION

Adulteration is defined as the illegal or Adulteration is defined as the illegal or unauthorized introduction of foreign unauthorized introduction of foreign substance into gasoline or similar substance into gasoline or similar substance, with the result that the substance, with the result that the product does not conform to the product does not conform to the requirements and specifications of the requirements and specifications of the product. product.

Page 12: Petroleum adulteration and law

CAUSESCAUSES

Easy and low cost availability of Easy and low cost availability of adulterants.adulterants.

Lack of monitoring and consumer Lack of monitoring and consumer awareness.awareness.

Sampling and testing process Sampling and testing process cumbersome.cumbersome.

Low rate of conviction.Low rate of conviction.

Differential levels of tax.Differential levels of tax.

Page 13: Petroleum adulteration and law

EFFECTSEFFECTS

Leads to shortage of subsidizedLeads to shortage of subsidized

products.products.

Leads to air pollution.Leads to air pollution.

Curtails life of engine of vehicle.Curtails life of engine of vehicle.

Leads to marketing and hoarding.Leads to marketing and hoarding.

Page 14: Petroleum adulteration and law

IMPORTANT SECTIONS OF EC ACTIMPORTANT SECTIONS OF EC ACT

Sec-2A : Sec-2A : Power to Central Govt. to add or delete any commodity. Power to Central Govt. to add or delete any commodity.

Sec-3:Sec-3: Powers to control Production, Supply, Powers to control Production, Supply,

Distribution etc.Distribution etc.

Sec-5:Sec-5: Delegation of Powers. Delegation of Powers.

Sec-6A: Confiscation of Food grains.Sec-6A: Confiscation of Food grains.

Sec-7: Sec-7: Penalties. Penalties.

Sec-10A:Sec-10A: Offences to be cognizable.Offences to be cognizable.

Sec-15: Protection of Action taken under Act.Sec-15: Protection of Action taken under Act.

Page 15: Petroleum adulteration and law

PENALTIESPENALTIES

Contravention of any order made under Section Contravention of any order made under Section 3, is punishable with:3, is punishable with:

Imprisonment for a term not less than 3 Imprisonment for a term not less than 3 months which may extend up to 7 years and months which may extend up to 7 years and also liable to fine. also liable to fine.

Forfeit of property.Forfeit of property.

Forfeit of packing, covering or receptacle, Forfeit of packing, covering or receptacle, animal, vehicle, vessel or other conveyance on animal, vehicle, vessel or other conveyance on the order of court. the order of court.

All the offences punishable under this Act are All the offences punishable under this Act are cognizable. cognizable.

Page 16: Petroleum adulteration and law

PREVENTIONPREVENTION

Make procedure of seizure and sampling Make procedure of seizure and sampling easier.easier.

Simple procedure to file complaint.Simple procedure to file complaint.

Easier testing methods.Easier testing methods.

Consumer awareness.Consumer awareness.

Special Courts.

Punishment of heavy penalty may be fine inPunishment of heavy penalty may be fine in

lacs.lacs.

Page 17: Petroleum adulteration and law

THANK YOUTHANK YOU