INTEGRATED PEST AND DISEASE MANAGEMENT IN PADDY

IPM / State Bio – Control Lab

Food Security & Agriculture Development

Department / Horticulture & Cash Crops

Development Department

Tadong, Gangtok, East Sikkim

?use of local traps and fumigation of

borrows for field rats.

Use ecodon (caster based rodent and

wild boar repellent

PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT

PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT

PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT

PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT

?They damage by cutting the standing rice crop at the base at

panicle initiation stage and occasionally they cut the ripening

panicle of the rice crop and store inside burrows.

5.Rodents

Weeding

removal of infested plant

use of pheromone traps

use of Tricho cards.

At vegetative stage, the central leaf whorls do not unfold

due to larval feeding and turns brownish and dries off.

This damage is called 'dead – heart'. When plants are

attacked after panicle initiation, results in the drying

of panicles which are called 'white ears'

4.Rice Stem Borer (Scirpophaga Incertulas)

Weeding

use of neem based pesticides

spray of metarhizium or beauveria

@4gm/lit water

use of traps like pest-o-lure.

Leaf hoppers feed on the leaves. Infestation during early

stages of plant growth reduces the number of tillers,

plant height and general vigor But in severe cases,

leaves appear yellowish and "hopper burn" occurs.

3.Green Leaf Hopper (Nephotettix nigropictus)

Field sanitation

Use of neem based botanical

pesticides

Burning of tyres in the field

as a repellant.

Rice fields severely attacked by pests emit a pungent

smell which gives to this pest the name 'Gundhi bug'.

The nymphs and the adults suck juice from the

developing grains in the milky stage, causing

incompletely filled panicles with empty grains.

Black or brown spots appear around the holes

made by the bugs on which a sooty mould may develop.

2.Rice Gundhi-bug (Leptocorisa orientalis

MAJOR PESTS OF PADDY:

Weeding

removal of infested plants

use of pheromone traps

use of tricho cards

PEST SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT

DISEASES SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT DISEASES SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT

DISEASES SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT

DISEASES SYMPTOMS MANAGEMENT

The larva remains inside the folds and feeds on the

green tissue, resulting in white membranous folded

leaf and gives scorching appearance

1.RICE LEAF FOLDER

(Cnaphalocrocis medinalis)

?Field sanitation

removal of infected plant

Seed treatment with trichoderma

@4gms/kg seed or with cow urine.

?The disease appears on the leaves, coleoptiles,

leaf sheaths and the glumes. On leaves, the spots

are oval and brown to dark brown in colour.

Sometimes, a light yellow halo may be seen

surrounding the lesions. On the glumes, black

spots appear and in severe cases the whole

surface may be coated with dark brown spores.

The seeds become shrivelled and discoloured.

Helminthosporium

oryzae

CAUSAL

ORGANISMCAUSAL

ORGANISM

CAUSAL

ORGANISM

CAUSAL

ORGANISM 4.Brown spot

?Field sanitation

removal of infected plant

Seed treatment with pseudomonas

@ 4gms/kg seed or with cow urine.

?Leaf blast: characterized by production of

spindle shaped or eye shaped lesions on leaves

with a brownish margin and ashy grey centre.

Several lesions coalesce, the whole leaf withers

leading to a burnt appearance of the whole leaf

withers leading to a burnt appearance of the crop.

?Node blast: the nodal portion becomes black and

brittle and the clumps may break at the affected nodes.

?Neck blast: brown to black lesions appear on the

neck causing girdling and the panicle breaks over

Pyricularia

oryzae

3.Blast

Use of disease free seeds.Hot water treatment of seed at 52-54°C for 10 mins.Use of tolerant varieties.Avoid flow of water from one field to another. Removal and destruction of the previous crop residue, volunteer plants and stubbles. Spray neem oil @3%

Nursery: The leaves turn yellow and become wilted during seedling to early tillering stage called Kresek symptom. BLB is characteristic of yellow lesions with wavy margins on leaf blades that may extend to the sheath.Pale amber colour bacterial ooze will appear on the affected portion.If the infection occurs during panicle initiation and during subsequent stages grain development gets affected.

Xanthomonas

oryzae pv.

Oryzae

2.Rice Bacterial

leaf blight

(BLB)

?Field sanitation,

?removal of infected plant,

?Seed treatment with Trichoderma or

Pseudomonas @4gms/kg seed or with cow urine

The disease occurs first on outer leaf sheaths just above the water level.It produces elliptical or oval greenish gray lesions which later become white. Sometimes, the disease extends upto leaf blade. Brown mustard seed like structures (sclerotia) of the fungus also appear in the infected areas.

Rhizoctonia solani

1.Rice Sheath blight

MAJOR DISEASES IN PADDY