B A S I C S A N D F R E U D

PERSONALITY

PERSONALITY DEFINITION

• The unique attitudes, behaviors, and

emotions that characterize a person

• This is NOT temperament...which is biological and

forms the base to build personality

TYPE A AND B

• Which are you?

• Type A – time pressured, easily angered, competitive, ambitious, works hard/plays hard

• Type B – relaxed, easy going, not easily bothered, not pressured by time

• *Not all people fit into one or the other. This demonstrates that personality theories are very rarely concrete...black/white. Personality is difficult to pin down

TEXTBOOK ACTIVITIES

• Video -pg 476

• Students do survey page 477 AND finish reading

that page

FREUD BASICS

• Freud believed our mind was divided

into 3 levels of consciousness

• 1. preconscious • Things we can think of if we wanted but aren’t thought

of at this moment (memories, knowledge)

• 2. conscious • What we are currently processing

• 3. unconscious • Believed this was hidden at all times...it surfaces in

symbols in dreams or in our behavior without us

realizing it

• Freud thought this was most important part of our

personality

FREUD AND PERSONALITY

• Believed this was also divided into 3 parts and

scattered amongst levels of consciousness.

• Draw the image on the following slide

Psychology, Fourth Edition, AP Edition Saundra K. Ciccarelli • J. Noland White

© 2015, 2012, 2009 by Pearson Education, Inc. All rights reserved.

Figure 12.1 Freud’s Conception of the Personality

This iceberg represents the three levels of the mind. The part of the iceberg visible above the surface is the conscious

mind. Just below the surface is the preconscious mind, everything that is not yet part of the conscious mind. Hidden

deep below the surface is the unconscious mind, feelings, memories, thoughts, and urges that cannot be easily brought

into consciousness. While two of the three parts of the personality (ego and superego) exist at all three levels of

awareness, the id is completely in the unconscious mind.

PART 1: THE ID

• Id is the primitive, pleasure-seeking part of our

personality that contains all our instinctual drives

• It is completely in the unconscious

• Found in the infant

• *Think of it like an infant – pleasure-seeking,

demanding, irrational, impulsive, instinctual

• Pleasure principle – Need for satisfaction/immediate

gratification

• “if it feels good, do it”

PART 2: EGO

• The Ego is like the executive director

• It is the part of our personality that deals with the reality that

we can’t always get what we want all the time.

• Mostly in the conscious part and rational and logical

• Reality Principle – only satisfies demands of id in

ways that will not lead to negative consequences

• Sometimes it denies the Id’s desires

• “if it feels good, do it, but only if you can get away with it.

PART 3: SUPER-EGO

• The Super-Ego is the moral watchdog

• It is the conscience part of our personality

• Where would the id, ego, and super ego fit in this

picture?

*ID ISN’T ALWAYS BAD

THE ID, EGO, AND SUPEREGO TOGETHER

• The Id makes demands, the Super-ego puts restrictions on those demands, and the ego has to come up with a plan to satisfy both.

• This creates a constant state of conflict...when anxiety from conflict gets out of hand....disorders arise.

• Defense mechanisms are ways of our personality dealing with the conflict between the id, ego, and super-ego.

Primitive, pleasure-

seeking, instincts

Moral watchdog

Reality, executive

director

CRASH COURSE – 2:53-6:45

CRASH COURSE

FREUD’S PSYCHOSEXUAL STAGES

• Personality develops as we go through different

sexual stages as a child...yes...a child.

• Each stage has a different erogenous or pleasure

zone that can be the source of conflicts.

• If conflicts aren’t resolved, you can get stuck or “fixated” on

a certain stage

• Would cause you to carry that fixation as “baggage” later

in life

STAGE 1 - ORAL

• 0-18months

• Erogenous zone = mouth

• Source of conflict: Weaning child from breast too

late or early can cause issues

• Over-pleasure from mouth or not enough

• Fixation:

• overeating, drinking too much, dependent

STAGE 2 - ANAL

• 18months – 3years

• Erogenous zone = anus

• Source of conflict – potty training • Children learning that they have to control when/where they

release waste

• This learning control is what stimulates the development of the ego

• Fixation – too harsh of training can result in: • Anal-retentive –people who are stingy/excessively neat

• Anal-expulsive – people who find being messy as a means of control

STAGE 3 - PHALLIC

• 3 years – 6 years

• Erogenous zone: genitals

• According to Freud – we become aware of our sexual organs for pleasure and develop powerful attraction to opposite-sex parent and a desire to elminate our same-sex parent (who we see as a rival)

• Boys: Oedipus complex and castration anxiety • Nervous dad will castrate him, want dad gone, boy eventually realizes this

is impossible so starts adopting dad’s characteristics

• Girls: Electra complex and penis envy • Attracted to dad, same as boys....adopts characteristics of mom

• envious of dad having a penis, feel inferior to men

FREUD! THE MUSICAL

STAGE 4 - LATENCY

• 6 years – Puberty

• Erogenous zone – none....sexual feelings are

repressed/hidden

• Children grow intellectually, physically and socially

• Opposite sex is “yucky”...has cooties

STAGE 5 - GENITAL

• Puberty – on......

• Erogenous zone: genitals

• Sexual drives are reawakened into conscious

awareness

CRASH COURSE 6:45-7:51