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Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi [email protected] Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson [email protected] JCDL 2011 Ottawa, Canada June 15, 2011 This work supported in part by NSF IIS-1009392. 1

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Page 1: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIs

Abdulla [email protected]

Old Dominion University

Michael L. [email protected]

JCDL 2011Ottawa, CanadaJune 15, 2011

This work supported in part by NSF IIS-1009392.

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Page 2: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Introduction• An annotation can be described as a relation between

different resources with different media types like text, image,

audio, or video.

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http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2007/shahrach/map.JPGhttp://2.bp.blogspot.com/_2ASHdLrOGi0/

TNmzuwr3kKI/AAAAAAAAAzI/Y91p52Huq3s/s1

600/elephant-tusks-460_1016757c-

739042.jpg

Page 3: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Goals

• A unique URI for every annotation.

• Persistent annotations and resources.

• Annotate specific part of media.

• Keep track of the resources.

• Present annotation in browser.

• Meet the OAC model requirements.

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Page 4: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

OAC Model

• OAC introduces a new resource that creates the relationship between the body and target.

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oac:hasBody oac:hasTarget

ex:Tusk

ex:Anno

oac: Annotation

rdf:type

http://cs.odu.edu/~aalasaad/RDF/344.rdfEx:Anno

/shahrach/map.JPG2007/s203http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bioEx:Africa

http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_2ASHdLrOGi0/TNmzuwr3kKI/AAAAAAA

AAzI/Y91p52Huq3s/s1600/elephant-tusks-460_1016757c-

739042.jpg

Ex:Tusk

ex:Africa

Page 5: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Annotation Example

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http://bit.ly/g55gvD http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2007/shahrach/map.JPG

Page 6: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

The example in the baseline OAC model

http://128.82.5.41:8080/RDF/344.rdf

http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2007/shahrach/map.JPG

http://bit.ly/g55gvD

• OAC specifies the relations between resources.• Describes the annotation.

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Page 7: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

W3C Media Fragments

• Media fragment specification does not support non-rectangular shapes.

• SVG technology allows users to select particular parts of the images of

any shape.

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• Suppose we want to identify a non-rectangular region?

• http://www.exampldu/bio203/s2007/shah_rach/map.png#xywh=100,200,360,260

Page 8: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Annotation’s URI

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http://128.82.5.41:8080/cgi-bin/retrieve.py?svg=334

http://bit.ly/i2AfwN

•The generated URIs are long.•The annotating service shorten the Long URIs using Bit.ly API.•Easier to share, and collect statistics. •More URIs !.

Page 9: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Annotation’s resources• Resources may:

o Move [location]

o Change [updated]

o Disappear .

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• Each resource has an archived copy.• More URIs !

Page 10: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

How to manage all these URIs?

• Annotation:• http://128.82.5.41:8080/RDF/344.rdf• http://bit.ly/kZO9m4• http://www.webcitation.org/5zQhYKTtg

• Target:• http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2007/shah_rach/map.JPG• http://www.webcitation.org/5zQi6eUow

• Body:• http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_2ASHdLrOGi0/TNmzuwr

3kKI/AAAAAAAAAzI/Y91p52Huq3s/s1600/elephant-

tusks-460_1016757c-739042.jpg

• http://bit.ly/g55gvD• http://www.webcitation.org/5zQiP22Lb

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Page 11: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Resource maps and link headers

• Resource maps describe the aggregation of

all these URIs.

• Resource maps can be discovered by

examining the http link response headers

when dereferencing any of the URIs.

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Page 12: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

(A) The annotation

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uu1

oac:hasBody oac:hasTarget

oac:constrainsoac:constrainedBy

Ex:Anno

ex:AFRICA

ex:Tusk

ex:svg

Page 13: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

(B) Adding mementos

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M-2

M-1

uu1

M-4

M-3

oac:hasBody

memento

oac:hasTarget

oac:constrainsoac:constrainedBymemento

memento

memento Ex:Anno

ex:AFRICA

ex:Tusk

ex:svg

Page 14: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

(C) Resource Map to aggregate resources

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Agg

M-2

M-1

uu1

M-4

M-3

ReM

oac:hasBody

memento

oac:hasTarget

oac:constrainsoac:constrainedBymemento

memento

memento Ex:Anno

ex:AFRICA

ex:Tusk

ex:svg

ore:describes

ore:aggregates

Page 15: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Implementation

• Two main services:o Create and share the annotation.

o Retrieve and represent the annotation.

• Scalable Vector Graphs SVG.

• ORE Resource Maps.

• WebCite.

• Bitly.

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Page 17: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

http://bit.ly/i2AfwN

Create The Annotation

Browser

Push to Archive

Generate RDF

Generate ReM

Shorten the URI

Annotation’s data

Annotation’s URI

Our online annotating service

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Page 18: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Retrieve and share the annotation

http://bit.ly/i2AfwN

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Page 19: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Conclusion• The paper concentrates mainly on minting new URIs for the

annotations.

• Annotating the media fragments was made possible using the SVG and its media tags.

• Using the web archives solved the issue of keeping the annotation persistent over time.

• The Resource Map is the perfect solution to keep track of all the related

• Demonstration video:• http://bit.ly/Annotate

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Page 20: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Conclusion• The paper concentrates mainly on minting new URIs for the

annotations.

• Annotating the media fragments was made possible using the SVG and its media tags.

• Using the web archives solved the issue of keeping the annotation persistent over time.

• The Resource Map is the perfect solution to keep track of all the related

• Demonstration video:• http://bit.ly/Annotate

• E-mail: [email protected]

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Page 21: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

• Backup Slides.

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Page 22: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

RDF Syntaxex:Anno a oac:Annotation ,

oac:hasBody ex:Tusk ,oac:hasTarget uu1 .

uu1 a oac:ConstrainedTarget ,oac:constrains ex:AFRICA ,oac:constrainedBy ex:svg .

ex:svg a oac:SvgConstraint ,dc:format "image/svg+xml" .

ex:Tusk a oac:Body .

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Page 23: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

http://bit.ly/i2AfwN

http://www.webcitation.org

Create The Annotation

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Page 24: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Browser

DB

Ann. Service

Interface

Get archived

URIs

SVG data

Short URI

Short URI

URI

Shortner

Service

Long URI

URI-A

URIs

Create

ResponseURI-A

Archived URIs

Archives

URI_Ms

URI-A

Retrieve The Annotation

http://bit.ly/i2AfwN

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Page 25: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Link Header

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curl -I http://128.82.5.41:8080/cgi-bin/retrieve.py?svg=334

link: <http://128.82.5.41:8080/RDFs/334.rdf> ;

rel="http://www.openannotation.org/ns/hasTarget"; anchor =

"http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2007/shah_rach/map.JPG",

<http://128.82.5.41:8080/RDFs/334.rdf> ;

rel="http://www.openannotation.org/ns/hasBody"; anchor =

"http://128.82.5.41:8080/SVGs/image334.svg#body",

<http://128.82.5.41:8080/Res/334.atom> ; rel="resourcemap",

<http://www.webcitation.org/5vtIf1BwD>; rel ="memento";

datetime= "Sun, 12 Jun 2011 10:15:19 GMT",

<http://www.webcitation.org/5vtIf68Cn>; rel ="memento";

datetime= "Sun, 12 Jun 2011 10:15:19 GMT"

Content-Type: text/html

Page 26: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Resource Map<link rel="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates"

href="http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2007/shah_rach/map.JPG“

title="The original Target" type="image/jpg"/>

<link rel="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates"

href="http://cs.odu.edu/~aalasaad/RDF/344.rdf" title="The RDF

annotation“ type="application/rdf+xml"/>

<link rel="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates"

href="http://2.bp.blogspot.com/

_2ASHdLrOGi0/TNmzuwr3kKI/AAAAAAAAAzI/Y91p52Huq3s/

s1600/elephant-tusks-460_1016757c-739042.jpg"

title="The Body" type="image/jpg"/>

<link rel="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates"

href="http://www.webcitation.org/5xqiA4E0f" title="Archived Target"

type= "text/html"/>

<link rel="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates"

href="http://www.webcitation.org/5xqhw5tI9" title="Archived RDF

Annotation“ type="text/html"/>

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Page 27: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

Resource Map Cont…

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<link rel="http://www.openarchives.org/ore/terms/aggregates"

href="http://www.webcitation.org/5xp9A6qfn" title="Archived Body“ type=

"text/html"/>

<oreatom:triples>

<oac:Annotation rdf:about='http://cs.odu.edu/~aalasaad/RDF/344.rdf'>

<oac:hasbody

rdf:resource='http://128.82.5.41:8080/SVGs/image344.svg'/>

<oac:hasTarget

rdf:resource='http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2007/shah_rach/map.JPG'/>

<oac:hasTargetContext>

<oac:TargetContext>

<oac:contextAbout

rdf:resource='http://bioweb.uwlax.edu/bio203/s2007/shah_rach/map.JPG'/>

<oac:when>2011-04-06T20:51:20-00:00</oac:when>

<dc:type>image/gif</dc:type>

</oac:TargetContext>

</oac:hasTargetContext>

<rdf:type rdf:resource='http://www.w3.org/2000/10/annotation-

ns#Annotation'/>

</oac:Annotation>

</oreatom:triples>

Page 28: Persistent Annotations Deserve New URIsaalasaad/OAC/PADURIs.pdfPersistent Annotations Deserve New URIs Abdulla Alasaadi aalasaad@cs.odu.edu Old Dominion University Michael L. Nelson

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Starts with limited number of resources:

<svg> …. </svg>