persia and greece. 7 important periods ancient iran, 1000–30 b.c.e. greek archaic period 800–480...

Persia and Greece

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Persia and Greece

7 Important Periods

• Ancient Iran, 1000–30 b.c.e.

• Greek Archaic period 800–480 b.c.e.

• Persian Wars

• Classical Age of Greece 480–430 b.c.e.

• Peloponnesian War (& 100 years of fighting) 431 BCE- 340 BCE

• Alexander the Great 336 b.c.e

• Hellenistic Age 323–30 b.c.e.

Page 3: Persia and Greece. 7 Important Periods Ancient Iran, 1000–30 b.c.e. Greek Archaic period 800–480 b.c.e. Persian Wars Classical Age of Greece 480–430 b.c.e

Ancient Iran, 1000–30 b.c.e.• Few natural resources• Great location for trade- Silk road • Medes overthrew Assyrians • Persians Intermarry with and overtake the Medians • Cyrus • Cambyses• Darius I.• Twenty provinces

– satrap– Annual tribute– well-maintained roads

• Susa-Political capital • Persepolis cultural capital • King –Aloof lawgivers

– Gave cultural and legal autonomy • Zoroastrian

Page 4: Persia and Greece. 7 Important Periods Ancient Iran, 1000–30 b.c.e. Greek Archaic period 800–480 b.c.e. Persian Wars Classical Age of Greece 480–430 b.c.e

Greek Archaic period 800–480 bce• Few resources but great harbors • Pop growth- Urbanization (Polis)• City States fought

– Hoplites • Colonization • Middle class develops

– Elites lose significance – Popular tyrants rule – Gives way to democracy and oligarchy

• Scholarship – Humanism – Philosophy – Logographers – Historians

• Religion • Sparta

– Militaristic society • Athens

– Wealthy society – Democracy

Page 5: Persia and Greece. 7 Important Periods Ancient Iran, 1000–30 b.c.e. Greek Archaic period 800–480 b.c.e. Persian Wars Classical Age of Greece 480–430 b.c.e

Persian Wars • Persia vs Greece (2X)

• First war- fought to a standstill

• Second War

• Sparta – Hellenitic League – Thermopile

• Athens – Take charge (Delian League)– Force Persians out

Page 6: Persia and Greece. 7 Important Periods Ancient Iran, 1000–30 b.c.e. Greek Archaic period 800–480 b.c.e. Persian Wars Classical Age of Greece 480–430 b.c.e

Classic Age of Greece 480-430 bce• Athenian Age

– Imperialist – Subordinated other states – Very strong Navy – Great Wealth through trade

• Lower class Athenian males gained political significance

• Scholarship and arts grew– Socrates – Plato – Aristotle

• Social inequality

Page 7: Persia and Greece. 7 Important Periods Ancient Iran, 1000–30 b.c.e. Greek Archaic period 800–480 b.c.e. Persian Wars Classical Age of Greece 480–430 b.c.e

Peloponnesian War 431

• Sparta gets tired of Athens

• Greek civil war

• Sparta wins but people then resent Sparta

• 100 years of fighting

• As Greece fights– Persia regains land – Macedonia to the North grows powerful

• Phillip • Alexander

Page 8: Persia and Greece. 7 Important Periods Ancient Iran, 1000–30 b.c.e. Greek Archaic period 800–480 b.c.e. Persian Wars Classical Age of Greece 480–430 b.c.e

Alexander the Great 336 b.c.e

• Conquers – Persians – Egyptians – Greeks – Gets to Indus river

• Built many cities (Alexandria)

• Encouraged intermarrying and cultural sharing

• Dies

Page 9: Persia and Greece. 7 Important Periods Ancient Iran, 1000–30 b.c.e. Greek Archaic period 800–480 b.c.e. Persian Wars Classical Age of Greece 480–430 b.c.e

Hellenistic Age (323–30 b.c.e.)• Empire broken up into 3 kingdoms • Seleucid kingdom

– Mesopotamia, – Anatolia, – Iran (lost quickly)– Indus valley (lost quickly)

• Ptolemies– Egypt

• Antigonids – Macedonia – Greece

• Hellenization • All 3 kingdoms used and blended with local

customs

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