periodic trends
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Periodic Trends. Science 10. Trends on the Periodic Table. The First Periodic Table. Dimitri Mendeleev was one of the first to publish a table. He used these properties to arrange the elements. He arranged similar elements in vertical columns. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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Periodic Trends
Science 10
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Trends on the Periodic Table
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The First Periodic Table• Dimitri Mendeleev was
one of the first to publish a table.
• He used these properties to arrange the elements. – He arranged similar
elements in vertical columns.
– He left open spaces on his chart for elements he predicted would someday be found but had not been discovered at that time.
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The Periodic Law
• He developed the idea of the Periodic Law: “When elements are arranged in order of increasing atomic mass, their properties are repeated periodically.”– Today we know that atomic number is a better
way to structure the periodic table. Mendeleev and other early researchers did not know about protons and neutrons and isotopes.
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FAMILIES on the Table• Families (a.k.a. Groups)- a vertical column
on the periodic table in which elements have similar chemical reactivity
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Group 1 – Alkali metalsInclude Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs, Fr • most chemically reactive of the metals (must be stored
under oil as they will react with air) • react explosively with water• are so soft they can be cut with a knife
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The Alkali Metals
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Group 2 – Alkaline Earth metals
Includes Be, Ca, Mg, etc.• very chemically reactive and are never found free
in nature (same as alkali metals)• React with water to produce alkaline (i.e. basic)
solutions
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Group 17 – Halogen family
• exhibit all 3 physical states at room temp!• are highly reactive with metals, especially alkali metals • highly toxic
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Group 18 - Noble gasesInclude He, Ne, Xe, etc• EXTREMELY STABLE and only rarely react to form
compounds• all are gases• when given energy (with electricity or extreme
heat) each gives off a unique color…
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PERIODS on the Table
• Periods- a horizontal row on the periodic table
• Sodium (Na)• Family Name: Alkali metals• Family #: 1• Period #: 3
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Start the Periodic Table assignment…
• What do you do if you and your classmates disagree about the answer to a question on the assignment?
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My favorite clip…