Periodic TableWeb Elements

Hydrogen

• Symbol – H • Hydrogen is the lightest element• Hydrogen was discovered by Henry Cavendish

at 1766 in London, England. Origin of name: from the Greek words "hydro" and "genes" meaning "water" and "generator".

Lithium

• Symbol – Li• Lithium is half as dense as water• Lithium was discovered by Johan August

Arfvedson at 1817 in Stockholm, Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek word "lithos" meaning "stone", apparently because it was discovered from a mineral source whereas the other two common Group 1 elements, sodium and potassium, were discovered from plant sources..

Yttrium

• Symbol – Y• Moon rocks contain this mineral• Yttrium was discovered by Johann Gadolin at

1794 in Finland. Origin of name: named after the village of "Ytterby" near Vaxholm in Sweden

Cobalt

• Symbol – Co• Cobalt is very brittle but hard• Cobalt was discovered by Georg Brandt at

1735 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the German word "kobald" meaning "goblin" or evil spirit

Calcium

• Symbol – Ca• It reacts with water and the metal burns with

a yellow-red flame• Calcium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy

at 1808 in England. Origin of name: from the Latin word "calx" meaning "lime".

Gold

• Symbol – Au• Gold is readily available commercially and its price

(see the UtiliseGold directory) changes day by day and is one of the most widely tracked commercial prices

• Gold was discovered by Known since ancient times. at no data in not known. Origin of name: from the Anglo-Saxon word "gold" (the origin of the symbol Au is the Latin word "aurum" meaning "gold").

Tungsten

• Symbol – W• Tungsten has the highest melting point and

lowest vapour pressure of all metals• Tungsten was discovered by Fausto and Juan

Jose de Elhuyar at 1783 in Spain. Origin of name: from the Swedish words "tung sten" meaning "heavy stone" (the origin of the symbol W is "wolfram ", named after the tungsten mineral wolframite).

Platinum

• Symbol – Pt• The metal does not oxidise in air• Platinum was discovered by Antonio de Ulloa

at 1735 in South America. Origin of name: from the Spanish word "platina" meaning "silver".

Oxygen

• Symbol – O• The atmosphere of Mars contains only about

0.15% oxygen.• Oxygen was discovered by Joseph Priestley, Carl

Scheele at 1774 in England, Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek words "oxy genes" meaning "acid" (sharp) and "forming" (acid former).

Chlorine

• Symbol – Cl• Chlorine is a greenish yellow gas which

combines directly with nearly all elements.• Chlorine was discovered by Carl William

Scheele at 1774 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the Greek word "chloros" meaning "pale green".

Magnesium

• Symbol – Mg• Magnesium is the eighth most abundant

element in the earth's crust although not found in it's elemental form.

• Magnesium was discovered by Sir Humphrey Davy at 1755 in England. Origin of name: from the Greek word "Magnesia", a district of Thessaly.

Iodine

• Symbol – I• It volatilises at ambient temperatures into a

pretty blue-violet gas with an irritating odour.• Iodine was discovered by Bernard Courtois at

1811 in France. Origin of name: from the Greek word "iodes" meaning "violet".

Aluminum

• Symbol – Al• It is light, nontoxic (as the metal),

nonmagnetic and nonsparking.• Aluminium was discovered by Hans Christian

Oersted at 1825 in Denmark. Origin of name: from the Latin word "alumen" meaning "alum".

Nitrogen

• Symbol – N• Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the

atmosphere by volume but the atmosphere of Mars contains less than 3% nitrogen.

• Nitrogen was discovered by Daniel Rutherford at 1772 in Scotland. Origin of name: from the Greek words "nitron genes" meaning "nitre" and "forming" and the Latin word "nitrum" (nitre is a common name for potassium nitrate, KNO#).

Arsenic

• Symbol – As• Upon heating arsenic and some minerals

containing arsenic, it sublimes (transfers from the solid to the gaseous state, without passing through the liquid state).

• Arsenic was discovered by Known since ancient times at no data in not known. Origin of name: from the Greek word "arsenikon" meaning "yellow orpiment".

Iron

• Symbol – Fe• It is found in the sun and many types of stars in

considerable quantity.• Iron was discovered by Known since ancient times at

no data in not known. Origin of name: from the Anglo-Saxon word "iron" or "iren" (the origin of the symbol Fe comes from the Latin word "ferrum" meaning "iron"). Possibly the word iron is derived from earlier words meaning "holy metal" because it was used to make the swords used in the Crusades..

Zirconium

• Symbol – Zr• The solid metal is much more difficult to ignite• Zirconium was discovered by Martin Heinrich

Klaproth at 1789 in Berlin, Germany. Origin of name: from the Arabic word "zargun" meaning "gold colour".

Technetium

• Symbol – Tc• Since its discovery, searches for the element

technetium in terrestrial materials have been made without success.

• Technetium was discovered by Carlo Perrier, Emilio Segre at 1937 in Italy. Origin of name: from the Greek word "technikos" meaning "artificial".

Nickel

• Symbol – Ni• Nickel is found as a constituent in most

meteorites and often serves as one of the criteria for distinguishing a meteorite from other minerals.

• Nickel was discovered by Axel Fredrik Cronstedt at 1751 in Sweden. Origin of name: from the German word "kupfernickel" meaning Devil's copper or St Nicholas's (OLd Nick's) copper.

Praseodymium

• Symbol – Pr• The metal should be stored under an inert

atmosphere or under mineral oil or petroleum.

• Praseodymium was discovered by Carl F. Auer von Welsbach at 1885 in Austria. Origin of name: from the Greek words "prasios didymos" meaning "green twin".

Thorium

• Symbol – Th• Thorium is a source of nuclear power.• Thorium was discovered by Jöns Berzelius at

1829 in Sweden. Origin of name: named after "Thor", the mythological Scandinavian god of war

Americium

• Symbol – Am• Americium appears to be more malleable than

uranium or neptunium and americium tarnishes slowly in dry air at room temperature

• Americium was discovered by Glenn Seaborg, Ralph James., L. Morgan, Albert Ghiorso at 1944 in USA. Origin of name: from the English word "America".

Europium

• Symbol – Eu• Europium ignites in air at about 150 to 180°C. • Europium was discovered by Eugene

Demarcay at 1901 in France. Origin of name: named after "Europe".

Radon

• Symbol – Rn• At ordinary temperatures radon is a colourless

gas.• Radon was discovered by Friedrich Ernst Dorn

at 1900 in Germany. Origin of name: named after "the element radium" (radon was called niton at first, from the Latin word "nitens" meaning "shining".

Einsteinium

• Symbol – Es• Einsteinium is radioactive rare earth metal

named after Albert Einstein.• Einsteinium was discovered by Workers at

Argonne, Los Alamos, USA, and the University of California at Berkeley, USA. at 1952 in USA. Origin of name: named after "Albert Einstein".