Periodic Table

Evan LutonWeb Elements

Uranium

• Atomic symbol is U• Atomic number is 92• Atomic mass is 238.02• Half life of Uranium-238 is 4.47 billion years• Uranium gives interesting yellow and green

colors and fluorescence effects when included to glass.

Neon

• Obtained as a byproduct from the liquefaction and separation of air

• Discovered by Sir William Ramsay and Morris Travers in 1898

• Discovered shortly after krypton

Iron

• Iron filings salts cause sparks in flames• Smelted iron artifacts have been identified

from around 3000 B.C.• Iron is a relatively abundant element in the

universe• It is found in the sun and many types of stars

in considerable quantity

Zinc

• Zinc-deficient animals require 50% more food to gain the same weight of an animal supplied with normal amounts of zinc

• Plating thin layers of zinc on to iron or steel is known as galvanizing and helps to protect the iron from corrosion

• Zinc is a bluish-white, lustrous metal

Radium

• Emits α (alpha) β (beta) and γ (gamma) rays• Pure metallic radium is brilliant white when

freshly prepared, but blackens on exposure to air

• Radium conveys a carmine red color to a flame

Xenon

• Xenon is a "noble" gas present in the atmosphere

• Xenon is present in the Martian atmosphere • Before 1962, it was generally assumed that

xenon and other noble gases were unable to form compounds

Vanadium

• Pure vanadium is a greyish silvery metal, and is soft and spongy

• Industrially, most vanadium produced is used as an additive to improve steels

• The discovery of vanadium happened "twice".

Manganese

• Manganese metal is gray-white, resembling iron, but is harder

• The metal is reactive chemically, and decomposes cold water slowly

• Manganese is widely distributed throughout the animal kingdom

• Manganese is present in quantity the floor of oceans

Iridium

• Ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum together make up a group of elements referred to as the platinum group metals

• The name iridium is appropriate, for its salts are highly colored

• Iridium is white, similar to platinum, but with a slight yellowish cast

Yttrium

• Yttrium has a silvery-metallic luster• Yttrium turnings ignite in air• Yttrium is found in most rare-earth minerals• Moon rocks contain yttrium and yttrium is

used as a "phosphor" to produce the red color in television screens

Argon

• Argon is a colorless and odorless gas present to a very small extent in the atmosphere

• Argon is very inert and is not known to form true chemical compounds

• It makes a good atmosphere for working with air-sensitive materials since it is heavier than air

Caesium

• Caesium is known as cesium in the USA• It is silvery gold, soft, and ductile• It is the most electropositive and most alkaline

element• Caesium, gallium, and mercury are the only

three metals that are liquid at or around room temperature

Titanium

• Titanium is a lustrous, white metal when pure• Titanium minerals are quite common• The metal has a low density, good strength, is

easily fabricated, and has excellent corrosion resistance

• The metal burns in air and is the only element that burns in nitrogen

Nitrogen

• Nitrogen makes up about 78% of the atmosphere

• The atmosphere of Mars contains less than 3% nitrogen

• When nitrogen is heated, it combines directly with magnesium, lithium, or calcium

Ytterbium

• Ytterbium has a bright silvery luster, is soft, malleable, and spongy

• While itis fairly stable, it should be kept in closed containers to protect it from air and moisture

• Ytterbium is readily attacked and dissolved by mineral acids and reacts slowly with water

Barium

• Barium is a metallic element, soft, and when pure is silvery white like lead

• The metal oxidizes very easily and it reacts with water or alcohol

• Barium is one of the alkaline-earth metals• Small amounts of barium compounds are used

in paints and glasses

Helium

• Helium is one of the noble gases• Helium gas is an unreactive, colorless, and

odorless monoatomic gas• Helium is the second most abundant element

in the universe after hydrogen• Helium is used in lighter than air balloons and

while heavier than hydrogen, is far safer since helium does not burn

Tantalum

• Tantalum is a greyish silver, heavy, and very hard metal

• When pure, it is elastic and can be drawn into fine wire

• Tantalum is almost completely immune to chemical attack at temperatures below 150°C

• The element has a melting point exceeded only by tungsten and rhenium.

Bohrium

• Bohrium is a synthetic element that is not present in the environment at all

• The German discoverers at GSI proposed the name Nielsbohrium

• IUPAC is happy to name an element after Bohr but suggest bohrium on the grounds that the first name of a person does not appear in the names of any other element named after a person

Gold

• Most metals are metallic grey or silvery white whereas gold is characteristically a metallic yellow color, in other words gold-colored

• Small amounts of other metals alloyed with gold change the color as well as mechanical properties such as hardnes

• White gold for jewelry is formed by mixing palladium, silver, or nickel with gold, although the result is green gold with certain proportions of silvers

Potassium

• Potassium is a metal and is the seventh most abundant and makes up about 1.5 % by weight of the earth's crust

• Potassium is an essential constituent for plant growth and it is found in most soils

• It is also a vital element in the human diet• Potassium is never found free in nature, but is

obtained by electrolysis of the chloride

Nobelium

• Nobelium is a radioactive "rare earth metal" named after Alfred Nobel who discovered dynamite

• A team working in Stockholm reported in 1957 an isotope whose atomic number is 102

• An authenticated discovery of nobelium was made in 1958 by Seaborg and others at Berkeley, California, USA

Tungsten

• Pure tungsten is a steel-gray to tin-white metal

• Tungsten has the highest melting point and lowest vapor pressure of all metals, and at temperatures over 1650°C has the highest tensile strength

• The metal oxidizes in air and must be protected at elevated temperatures

Beryllium

• It is a metal and has a high melting point• At ordinary temperatures, beryllium resists

oxidation in air• Beryllium compounds are very toxic• Its ability to scratch glass is probably due to

the formation of a thin layer of the oxide• Its chemistry is dominated by its tendency to

lose an electron

Platinum

• Ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum together make up a group of elements referred to as the platinum group metals

• Platinum is a silvery-white metal, when pure, and is soft and flexible

• Hydrogen and oxygen gas mixtures explode in the presence of platinum wire