performers perform during an opening ceremony of …in.china-embassy.org/chn/xwfw/zgxw/p...vol. xxv...

VOL. XXV No. September 2013 Rs. 20.009

Performers perform during an opening ceremony of cultural tourism festival

before China's Mid-Autumn Festival, in Cona County, southwest China's Tibet Autonomous Region on Sept. 15, 2013.

On Aug. 20, 2013, Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Liu Zhenmin met at the Ministry of External Affairs of India with Minister Salman Khurshid.

The first "China-India Media Forum" was held in New Delhi on Sept.16,2013. The Forum was organized by the State Council Information Office of China and the Indian Ministry of External Affairs. About twenty major media and eighty reporters, experts and scholars of both

countries attended the event.

On Aug. 20, 2013, Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Liu Zhenmin co-chaired the 5th China-India Strategic Dialogue with Indian Foreign Secretary Sujantha Singh in New Delhi. Both sides had a comprehensive, in-depth exchange of views on bilateral relations as well as major international and regional affairs of mutual interest.

On Aug. 21, 2013, Vice Foreign Minister Zhai Jun met with senior reporters, columnists and experts from India’s mainstream media, who were in China to attend the first “China-India Media Dialogue”.

On September 5th, the Chinese Delegation Reception of 11th Asia-Pacific Postal Union (APPU) Congress was held in the Chinese Embassy in India. On September 6, Mr. Lin Hongliang was elected as the Secretary-General of APPU Congress during 2014-2017.

On August 28, 2013, Chinese Ambassador to India Mr. Wei Wei met with Mr. Chandrajit Banerjee, the Director General of the Confederation of Indian Industry (CII). They exchanges views on promoting bilateral economic and trade cooperation between China and India.

CONTENTS

September 2013 3NEWS FROM CHINA

I. CHINA-INDIA RELATIONS

1. Chinese Official Calls for Better China-India Media Exchanges, Cooperation 42 Enhance Exchanges, Promote Understanding 5

II. PRESIDENT XI JINPING ATTENDS G20, SCO SUMMITS

1. Chinese President Calls for Closer G20 Partnership to Boost World Economy 92. Chinese President Discusses Ties and Global Issues with Russian Counterpart 10 3. Chinese and U.S. President Hold Second Meeting in Three Months 114. Chinese President Urges BRICS to Boost Coordination 125. China Expects Further Cooperation, Opening-up, Reform and Development at G20 Summit 136. Chinese President Raises Proposal on SCO Cooperation 157. News Analysis: SCO Summit Promotes Regional Stability and Cooperation 17

III. PRESIDENT XI JINPING VISITS FOUR CENTRAL ASIAN NATIONS 1. Chinese and Turkmenian President Discuss Bilateral Ties 192. China and Turkmenistan Agree to Promote Energy Cooperation 213. Chinese President Arrives in Astana for Kazakhstan Visit 224. Chinese and Kazakh President Agree to Strengthen Bilateral Ties 235. Chinese President Says Cooperation with Kazakhstan Enjoys Broad Prospect 246. Chinese President Tables Five-Point Proposal on Cooperation with Uzbekistan 257. China, Uzbekistan Vow to Deepen Strategic Partnership 268. China and Kyrgyzstan Agree to Boost Cooperation on Security 279. Chinese President Calls for More Trade between China’s Xinjiang and Kyrgyzstan 2910. President Xi’s Joint Written Interview with Media from Turkmenistan, Russia, 30

Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan

IV. EXTERNAL AFFAIRS

1. Le Keqiang’s Speech at Summer Davos Opening Ceremony 382. Premier Li Keqiang’s Keynote Speech at 10th China-ASEAN Expo 433. Remarks by State Councilor Yang Jiechi At Reception Marking the 10th Anniversary of 49

China-ASEAN Strategic Partnership 4. Foreign Minister Wang Yi: China Calls on All Parties Concerned to Exercise Restraints and Calmness 52

on Situation in Syria 5. Nepal and China Reiterate Commitment to Curbing Wildlife Crimes 52

V. DOMESTIC AFFAIRS

1. China’s First Limo and Chinese Leaders 532. Back From Hungary 573. New Hazard in the Air 604. Trying a New Way 625. Promoting Trade 66

VI. TIBET TODAY

1. Panchen Lama Visits Jokhang Temple 692. Tibet to Launch Huge Afforestation Project 693. Endangered Wild Yaks Protected in Tibet 694. Tibet Launches First Resource Recycling Market 705. Village Head Duoduo’s Happy Life 70

Instructions for Chinese Visa Application 75Flights Between China and India 84CCTV News Channel Now Available in India 86

4 September 2013 NEWS FROM CHINA

China-India Relations

I. CHINA-INDIA RELATIONS

Chinese Official Calls for Better China-India Media Exchanges, Cooperation

New Delhi, Sept. 16 (Xinhua) — A

senior Chinese official Monday called

for better China-India media exchanges

and cooperation in order to enhance

mutual understanding and friendship

between the people of the two countries.

Cai Mingzhao, head of the

Information Office of the State Council

of China, said media is an important

tool to disseminate information,

transmit culture and bridge different

civilizations.

“They serve as a bridge to enhance

understanding between the people and

to foster friendship,” he told a conference of

media forum held in the Indian capital, which

was attended by about 50 Indian and Chinese

journalists, scholars and experts.

For his part, Indian Minister of External

Affairs Salman Khurshid said it is extremely

important for the media of the two countries

to help the two countries enhance trust and

the ability to understand each other through a

“common language” and “media speaking

words.”

For doing so, he said the media of the two

countries can create a “hybrid” of languages

which translates ideas into a common

language.

Cai said in recent years, Chinese and

Indian media have played a unique and

positive role in maintaining and consoli-

dating strategic cooperative partnership

between the two countries.

“Exchanges and cooperation between

media in the two countries are progressing

comprehensively. Exchanges between

executives of mainstream media are more

frequent and so are those between media

professionals,” he said.

But he also pointed out that the media of

the two countries have a lot more to do to

establish a good relationship and to better

report each other’s country.

“Nonetheless, for some reasons, Chinese

and Indian media still do not have sufficient

understanding of each other’s country, still

cannot fully reflect the current status of the

friendly bilateral relations, and still cannot

meet the two peoples’ demand for

information about the other country,” he said.

To overcome the current shortcomings in

the reporting of each other’s country by the

media, it is necessary for Chinese and Indian

media to engage in long-term and frequent

dialogues and communication, “pushing us


5September 2013 NEWS FROM CHINA

to see each other rationally and objectively

and presenting a real China and a real India to

domestic audience”, he suggested.

“I suggest that media of both countries

carry out extensive cooperation in mutual

visits, article exchanges and joint interviews. I

hope that they could gradually station more

reporters in each other’s country, or send

more reporters to each other’s country to

conduct interviews, meet local residents, and

gather real, fresh and first-hand information,”

said Cai.

Enhance Exchanges, Promote Understanding

Distinguished Minister Salman Khurshid,

Friends from Chinese and Indian media,

Ladies and gentlemen,

I am very glad to come to the beautiful city

of New Delhi, to attend the First China-India

Media Forum. First, I would like to extend my

warm congratulations on the convening of

this forum on behalf of the State Council

Information Office of the People’s Republic of

China! I would like to sincerely thank Chinese

and Indian journalists, experts and scholars

present at the forum!

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang

paid an official visit to India during

May 19-22 this year. India was the

first country that he visited after

assuming the post of Chinese

Premier. This suggests that China’s

new government attaches great

i m p o r t a n c e t o C h i n a - I n d i a

relations.

During the visit, the two sides

signed a number of cooperative

agreements, including documents

on economic and trade cooperation.

They also issued a joint statement, which

charted the future development direction of

our bilateral relations. Both Chinese and

Indian media covered Premier Li’s visit with

great attention and enthusiasm. Premier Li

asked me to convey his thanks to Chinese and

Indian journalists.

This China-India Media Forum is a

specific measure to carry out the decisions

made during Premier Li’s visit and to enhance

cultural exchanges between the Chinese and

the Indian people. I believe that this forum

– Speech by Mr. Cai Mingzhao, Minister of the State Council Information Office of the People's Republic of China at the Opening Ceremony

of the First China-India Media Forum



will further deepen understanding between

media of the two countries, expand their areas

of cooperation and push media exchanges

and cooperation to a higher level.

Just like you, I’m also a media

professional. I worked for long time with

Xinhua News Agency and People’s Daily, the

two most famous media in China, for more

than twenty years. I fully understand that the

nature of journalism is to pursue new

development and changes and report

progresses of the times. There are no two

other countries like China and India, each

with a population of more than 1 billion,

which have achieved rapid growth in the past

few decades. This is an unprecedented

historic event both Chinese and India media

people should cover with great enthusiasm.

The fact that China and India are

developing simultaneously illustrates that the

world is big enough for us to develop at the

same time. It suggests that we have each

found a development path that suits our

respective national conditions. We should

walk hand in hand to continue along the paths

that suit our own national conditions.

Since China and India established

diplomatic ties more than 60 years ago, the

relations between the two countries have been

growing soundly and comprehensively. Our

mutual strategic trust has been gradually

enhanced. Our bilateral ties have become

more resilient to disturbances. Our two

countries’ interests have become more

intertwined. The strategic economic dialogue

and other mechanisms have become more

well-established. The areas of pragmatic

cooperation continue to expand. Cultural

exchanges keep growing. Friendship between

the two peoples has deepened. The two

countries have often worked together in

international and regional affairs to safeguard

common interests.

Looking to the future, China-India

relations have great potential for growth. As

close neighbors and partners, friendly and

pragmatic cooperation between China and

India is in the fundamental interests of both

nations, as well as a blessing for Asia and the

world.

Ladies and gentleman,

Relations between nations

lie in amity between the people,

while amity between the

p e o p l e l i e s i n m u t u a l

understanding. Exchanges

between people constitute an

important cornerstone of

friendly relations between

nations.

From past to present, there

are many examples about the

exchanges between the Chinese



and the Indian people. Tagore is a household

name in China and India. One of his students,

Wei Fengjiang, came from China.

Eighty years ago, in 1933, the 22-year-old

Wei arrived in India, becoming the first

modern Chinese scholar to study Indian

history and literature in India. After returning

to China in 1939, Wei authored and translated

many books to introduce the Indian culture

and history to the Chinese people.

After Wei passed away, a statute of him

was built in Zhejiang Yuexiu Foreign

Languages Institute in Shaoxing City, where

he once worked, to commemorate his

important contribution to China-India

cultural exchanges.

Since the 1920s, a large number of famous

Chinese scholars, such as Liang Qichao, Cai

Yuanpei, Zheng Zhenduo, Xu Beihong, Ji

Xianlin, Tan Yunshan and Tan Zhong, have

actively contributed to friendly exchanges

between the Chinese and the Indian people.

Meanwhile many famous Indian scholars

have studied China and promoted bilateral

exchanges. These scholars include Swami

Vivekananda, Sri Aurobindo, Radha-

krishnan, Manik, Arttatrana Nayak, and

Kamal Sheel. The seeds of friendship they

sowed have now grown into exuberant tall

trees.


Media is an important tool to disseminate

information, transmit culture and bridge

different civilizations. They serve as a bridge

to enhance understanding between the

people and to foster friendship.

In recent years, Chinese and Indian media

have played unique and positive role in

maintaining and consolidating strategic

cooperative partnership between the two

countries. Exchanges and cooperation

between media in the two countries are

progressing comprehensively. Exchanges

between executives of mainstream media are

more frequent and so are those between

media professionals. Forums, seminars and

dialogues have promoted communication

between Chinese and India media,

significantly contributed to the development

of bilateral relations, and enriched the

comprehensive bilateral cooperation.

Nonetheless, for some reasons, Chinese

and Indian media still do not have sufficient

understanding of each other’s country, still

cannot fully reflect the current status of the

friendly bilateral relations, and still cannot

meet the two peoples’ demand for

information about the other country.

To promote media exchanges, I would like

to make the following proposals:

First, build this forum into a long-term

and institutionalized platform for media

exchanges. The forum could be held every

year, in turn in India and China. Press officials

of the two governments and executives of

major media institutions will be invited.

Participants will have extensive and in-depth

discussions on issues of common concerns.

It is necessary for Chinese and Indian

media to engage in long-term and frequent

dialogues and communication, pushing us to

see each other rationally and objectively and

presenting a real China and a real India to

domestic audience, so as to promote the

healthy development of bilateral relations

and deepen understanding and friendship

between our two peoples.



Second, strengthen pragmatic media

cooperation between our two countries.

Currently, China and India have altogether

about 20 reporters stationed in the other

country, which is inadequate given the two

countries’ population size and the importance

of the two countries’ relations. Obviously,

these reporters are not enough to meet the two

peoples’ demand for information about each

other.

I suggest that media of both countries

carry out extensive cooperation in mutual

v is i t s , ar t i c le exchanges and jo int

interviews. I hope that they could gradually

station more reporters in each other’s

country, or send more reporters to each

other’s country to conduct interviews, meet

local residents, and gather real, fresh and

first-hand information.

Third, media of both countries should

help maintain our bilateral relations. Chinese

and Indian media have different cultural

backgrounds, perspectives and reporting

methods, which is understandable. All media

should report truthfully, objectively and

fairly. Media should report more on the two

countries’ efforts to enhance communication

and mutual trust, on the efforts to push

forward pragmatic cooperation, on the efforts

to expand cultural exchanges and deepen

mutual understanding and trust, on the

efforts to care about each other’s concerns and

properly handle complicated issues. Media

should instill more positive energy into the

healthy development of bilateral relations.


In the world, there are no two other

countries that are like China and India, which

have made unique contributions to the

mankind with their great civilizations that

have lasted thousands of years. China and

India are connected by common mountains

and rivers, and have engaged in exchanges in

various fields for more than two millenniums.

As early as in the Han Dynasty (206BC-

220AD) and the Tang Dynasty (618-907), the

Silk Road on the land and sea connected

China and India. As two pearls in Asia, the

Chinese civilization and the Indian

civilization are different from each other. Yet,

they also share many similarities and have

illuminated each other in history. Together,

they have contributed to splendid Asian

civilizations.

Over the past century, the destiny of the

two nations has been linked ever closer. The

Chinese and Indian peoples understood and

supported each other in their respective

pursuit of national independence and

liberation, with many touching stories. Our

two countries jointly advocated the Five

Principles of Peaceful Co-existence which

have become important guidance for new

type of international relations.

Mahatma Gandhi once said that China

and India are fellow travelers sharing weal

and woe in a common journey. As fellow

travelers, Chinese and India media have

more reasons to engage in frequent

exchanges to deepen the friendship between

our two peoples and to jointly push ahead the

strategic partnership between the two

countries for the common interests of our two

peoples. Let us work together for this great

goal!

I wish this forum a great success!

Thank you!


President Xi Jinping Attends G20, SCO Summits

II. PRESIDENT XI JINPING ATTENDS G20, SC SUMMITSO

Chinese President Calls for Closer G20 Partnership to Boost World Economy

Chinese President Xi Jinping (R) attends the first session of the eighth summit of the Group of 20 (G20) in St. Petersburg, Russia, Sept. 5, 2013. Xi Jinpeng delivered a speech during the session here on Thursday. (Xinhua)

St. Petersburg, Sept. 5 (Xinhua) — Chinese President Xi Jinping on Thursday urged Group of 20 (G20) members to build a closer partnership to shore up the world economy.

For that purpose, the world’s major economies should first adopt a responsible macroeconomic policy, he said in a speech delivered at the eighth G20 summit in this Russian city.

All major economic entities have a minimum duty of keeping their own house in order, Xi said, adding that they also need to improve communication and coordination on macroeconomic policy.

China’s economic fundamentals are sound, and its economic policy is responsible for both China and the world, said the Chinese president.

China, he added, has realized that it has to advance structural reforms in order to solve the problems hindering its long-term economic development, even though it would mean slower growth.

China has the conditions and abilities to achieve a sustainable and sound economic development and create for other countries an even broader market and more development space, he added.

Meanwhile, the Chinese president urged G20 members to jointly maintain and promote the openness of the world economy and oppose all forms of trade protectionism.

G20 members, he added, should bolster a f ree , open and non-discr iminatory multilateral trade system, and try to improve global investment rules.

In addition, Xi called on the participants to

build the G20 platform into an important force for stabilizing the world economy, creating an international financial safety net and amending global economic governance.

Relevant parties should speed up the implementation of the reforms of the International Monetary Fund, and step up supervision on international financial markets to make the financial system truly rely on, serve and promote the development of the real economy.

He also proposed to enhance the connection among international and regional financial cooperation mechanisms and



establish a firewall against financial risks.China will firmly push forward reforms in

order to guarantee a sustainable and healthy socioeconomic development, Xi said, adding that China will also work to boost the flexibility of the foreign exchange rate of the Chinese currency.

China, he added, will also create a fair legal environment for foreign firms doing business in China, and is ready to settle trade disputes with other nations through talks.

The Chinese president also urged all G20 members to increase the quality of their economic growth and enhance their competitiveness via structural reforms.

They should also balance their own interests with the interests of others and build a global marketplace that can bring benefits to all, Xi said.

Other participating leaders noted that the

global economic recovery is at a critical stage and faces both challenges and opportunities.

G20 members, they said, need to promote policy coordination and cooperation, maintain the stability of international financial markets, and consolidate the foundation for a robust, sustainable and steady global economic growth.

This is the first time for Xi to attend a G20 summit. On the sidelines, he attended an informal leaders’ meeting of the BRICS group, which also includes Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa. A series of bilateral meetings were also on his schedule.

The G20 groups Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, France, Germany, India, Indonesia, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, Britain, the United States as well as the European Union.

Chinese President Discusses Ties and Global Issues with Russian Counterpart

St. Petersburg, Russia, Sept. 5 (Xinhua) —

Chinese President Xi Jinping met here

Thursday with his Russian counterpart

Vladimir Putin before the Group of 20 (G20)

summit.

Xi said he is happy to see that both

countries have made great efforts to

implement more than 50 cooperation projects

in 16 fields since his last meeting with Putin in

March.

Both leaders have attached great

importance to bilateral cooperation, Xi

said, expressing hope that the two

countries could accelerate cooperation

on major strategic projects in such fields

as energy and aviation, and continue to

deepen military cooperation to meet

new threats and challenges.

Putin, for his part, said he is satisfied

with the rapid growth of Russia-China

relations, noting that the two countries

have kept frequent high- level

exchanges and have been making


progress in cooperation in various fields.

Russia hopes to raise the level of bilateral

cooperation in such fields as economy, trade,

energy, industry, high-tech and military to

serve the development of the two countries,

safeguard global peace and stability and

constantly consolidate the foundation of the

bilateral comprehensive strategic partnership

of coordination.

On global issues, Xi said that in the face of

profound and complicated changes in

international situation, China is willing to

c o o p e r a t e c l o s e l y w i t h R u s s i a i n

strengthening macro-economic policy

coordination, boosting reforms of global

economic and financial systems, fighting

against trade and investment protectionism

and safeguarding the interests of the

emerging markets.

Putin said Russia is willing to strengthen

coordination with China at the G20 summit to

push for achievements in such major issues as

world economic growth, international

financial system reforms and safeguarding

the interests of the emerging markets.

He also called on the BRICS, which groups

Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa,

to beef up coordination and cooperation.

Meanwhile, the Chinese president noted

that the two countries have kept close

cooperation in fighting against the flood that

caused great loss recently in Russia’s Far East

region and Northeast China, which shows the

strong relationship between the two peoples.

After their talks, the two presidents

witnessed the signing of a series of

cooperation documents in such fields as

energy, aviation and cooperation at local

levels.

This is the second meeting between Xi and

Putin within half a year after Xi paid a state

visit to Russia in March.

China and U.S. President Hold Second Meeting in Three Months

St. Petersburg, Sept. 6 (Xinhua)

— Chinese President Xi Jinping and

his U.S. counterpart Barack Obama

met here Friday for talks on bilateral

ties and other issues of common

concern.

Xi said the meeting reminded

him of his last summit with Obama

only three months ago, where the

two presidents exchanged views on

bilateral issues and on how to forge a

new type of major-country relations

between their countries.

“China and the United States

have been working closely to

implement the consensus reached at Chinese President Xi Jinping (R) meets with U.S. President Barack Obama in St. Petersburg, Russia, Sept. 6, 2013. (Xinhua/Ju Peng)



the summit,” Xi said, citing the achievements

made at the fifth round of the China-U.S.

Strategic and Economic Dialogue in July.

China-U.S. relations have maintained

sound development momentum, the Chinese

president said, noting that the two countries

have improved their military ties and kept

communication and cooperation on major

global and regional issues.

Obama said the United States and China

have made progress in cooperation on climate

change and strengthening military-to-

military relations.

“We have agreed to build a new model of

great-power relations based on practical

cooperation and constructively mending

differences,” he said.

It was the second meeting between Xi and

Obama in three months.

At their first summit at the Annenberg

estate in the U.S. state of California on June 7-

8, the two leaders agreed to build a new type

of relations between major countries which

could avoid the traditional path of

confrontations and conflicts.

Chinese President Urges BRICS to Boost Coordination

Chinese President Xi Jinping (2nd R) poses for a group photo with leaders from other four BRICS countries in St. Petersburg, Russia, Sept. 5, 2013. An informal summit for leaders of BRICS countries was held here on Thursday prior to the G20 Summit. (Xinhua/Li Tao)

St. Petersburg, Russia, Sept. 5 (Xinhua) — Chinese President Xi Jinping said here Thursday that BRICS members should expand consensus on major international issues and enhance sol idari ty and cooperation.

He made the remarks at an informal leaders’ meeting of the BRICS group, which also includes Brazil, Russia, India and South Africa, before a Group of 20 (G20) summit in this Russian city.

Under current circum-stances, the Chinese president said, BRICS nations should jointly tackle the spill-over ef fect of the developed economies’ loose monetary policy.

H e u r g e d d e v e l o p e d nations to carry out effective s t ruc tura l re forms , and seriously consider the timing, s t e p s a n d p a t t e r n s o f withdrawing their quantitative

easing measures.China, he added, has confidence in the

emerging market economies.Meanwhile, BRICS members should join

hands to maintain and promote the openness



of the world economy, oppose trade protectionism, safeguard the multilateral trade system, and advance the Doha Round of trade talks, he said.

The five countries, Xi suggested, should also work together to obtain a bigger say for developing countries in global economic governance and push forward the quota reforms of the International Monetary Fund.

Additionally, they need to speed up the efforts to set up a BRICS development bank and an emergency foreign currency reserve so as to establish a BRICS financial safety net, he added.

Other participating leaders noted that the world economy now still faces risks and

challenges and its recovery remains fragile.They urged the world’s major economies,

including G20 members, to step up coordination over their macro-economic policies and join hands to promote a strong, sustainable and balanced global economic growth.

Earlier in the day, Chinese Deputy Finance Minister Zhu Guangyao said BRICS countries have agreed on a joint foreign currency reserve pool of 100 billion U.S. dollars.

The move came as a follow-up after the five countries agreed during this year’s BRICS summit in Durban, South Africa, to set up a joint development bank.

China Expects Further Cooperation, Opening-up, Reform and Development at G20 Summit

Beijing, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) — Leaders of the

Group of 20 (G20) economies gathered in the

northwestern Russian city of St. Petersburg

Thursday to discuss the world’s current

economic and financial situation.

In the face of a sluggish recovery in

developed countries and fluctuations in

emerging economies, the leaders will aim for

further cooperation on the economic front.

Differences among members on political

and security issues have strained the spirit of

cooperation ahead of the summit.

However, the world still needs cohesion at

the summit, which is expected to focus on the

common interests of ensuring the global

economy’s stead recovery, rather than their

political differences.

China, the world’s second largest

economy, hopes the summit will push

forward cooperation, opening-up, reforms

and further development.

ECONOMIC COOPERATION

Since the first G20 summit in 2009, leaders

of the world’s major economies have shown

unprecedented courage and vision in

promoting development, which has

gradually established the summit as the top

forum for global economic cooperation.

Prior to the summit, Chinese President Xi

Jinping described the G20 as a “major forum

for international economic cooperation” that

would push the international community to

strengthen coordination on macro economic

policy.

Nevertheless, the summit has been

distracted by a number of political factors,

especially Washington’s PRISM spying

program and the Syrian crisis.

Although G20 members account for some



90 percent of the global economy, the group

should not act as the UN and be involved in

political and security disputes, but cooperate

for “growth and employment” to cure the

ailing global economy.

Chinese leaders have made clear that

China’s best contribution to the global

economy is to ensure its own economic

development and enhance economic

competitiveness through structural reform.

Thanks to the dividend of reform, China’s

economic development will become steadier

in the future.

In an ever-interconnecting world, it is

indispensable for countries to coordinate their

economic policy, which is the main aim of the G20.

The recent financial turbulence in

emerging markets was partly caused by the

U.S. Federal Reserve’s move to taper down

quantitative easing. As this kind of policy

change has obvious spillovers, G20 members

should communicate with each other

effectively to guide the market.

OPENING UP AGAINST PROTECTIONISM

Over the past year, China has been

frequently affected by protectionist moves in

such fields as iron and steel, photovoltaic

products and telecommunications.

Some countries still have an ingrained

mindset to impose trade barriers and

protectionism.

According to a report released earlier this

week by the European Commission, about

150 new trade restrictions have been

introduced by European Union (EU)

countries in the past year, whereas only 18

existing measures have been dismantled. A

total of almost 800 new measures have been

identified since October 2008.

Global efforts to combat rising trade

protectionism needed to be reinforced to help

shield the fragile economic recovery, the

report said.

In order to safeguard a free, open and non-

discriminatory multilateral trade system and

realize mutually beneficial development,

Chinese leaders have urged all countries to

oppose protectionism.

China’s call is not only a response to its

own concerns, but also a commitment to

global competition and cooperation.

EU Trade Commissioner Karel De Gucht

shares the same feel ings on trade

protectionism, an important point on the G20

summit’s agenda.

“The G20 agreed a long time ago to avoid

protectionist tendencies because we all know

these only hurt the global recovery in the long

run,” De Gucht said.

IMPROVE ECONOMIC GOVERNANCE

Urging and pushing the International

Monetary Fund’s (IMF) quota reform was

once an important achievement of the G20

summit.

“It should continue to increase the

representation and voice of emerging markets

and developing countries,” Xi said in a recent

written interview with media from

Turkmenistan, Russia , Kazakhstan,

Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.

“In particular, it should speedily

implement the quota and governance reform

plans for the IMF, complete on time the IMF’s

quota formula adjustment and the next round

of general quotas review by January 2014, and

review the basket of currencies for special

drawing rights as scheduled for 2015,” Xi

said.

The initial results of the IMF’s reform have

found developing countries’ enhanced say

not only br ings new thinking for

development, but also gives them a voice

within the IMF.



In a report prepared for this summit, the

IMF said emerging economies should

introduce intervention measures when the

market runs into disorderly fluctuations.

Besides the governance reform, advanced

countries’ domestic structural reforms also

have been an agenda item of the G20 summit

for years.

This round of disturbances in emerging

markets was triggered by the looming taper of

quantitative easing monetary policy of the

Federal Reserve but deep structural problems

in emerging markets were the root cause.

Thus only reform can ultimately consolidate

and enhance their sustainable growth.

Among the emerging markets, China

undoubtedly leads in structural adjustments.

In addition to the need for emerging

markets to vigorously push reform,

developed countries’ sovereign debt and

financial sustainability are also a key global

economic risk. This is also a crucial priority of

reform for the G20.

Also, G20’s operating mechanism needs to

be adjusted.

Xi has noted: “Right now, the G20 is in a

transition from a crisis-management

mechanism to one that is dedicated to long-

term economic governance.”

MAKE MORE CONTRIBUTIONS

Development has been a priority of the

G20 summits. Leading up to the St. Peterburg

summit, Russia has called for discussions on

issues such as infrastructure, long-term

investment and financing and human

resources development.

“...the G20 should strive to be a

development partner for developing

countries. It should fully harness its own

advantage and demonstrate greater political

commitment to pushing for solutions to

global development issues. It should forge

more effective global partnerships on

development, and mobilize more economic

resources to tackle a greater number of

development challenges,” Xi said.

In this regard, China has been making

contributions, with its “heart” and

“ability”. By the end of 2012, the number of

China’s infrastructure assistance projects

in developing countries has exceeded

1,100.

Most of China’s aid is aimed at long-term

productivity, which is very important for

these countries’ poverty reduction and

growth.

China believes the deep problem for the

global economy is an imbalance in

development, and the basic cure for the world

economy is to narrow the South-North

development gap to achieve balanced

development.

Chinese President Raises Proposal on SCO Cooperation

Bishkek, Sept. 13 (Xinhua) — Chinese

President Xi Jinping on Friday put forward a

proposal on boosting comprehensive

cooperation within the Shanghai Cooperation

Organization (SCO).

Addressing an SCO summit here, Xi said

the SCO members should carry forward the

“Shanghai Spirit,” which features mutual

trust, mutual benefits, equality, consultation,

respect for cultural diversity and pursuit of

common development.

The SCO countries should support each



Chinese President Xi Jinping attends the 13th Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) summit in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, Sept. 13, 2013. (Xinhua/Xie Huanchi)

The leaders of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) members pose for group photo in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, Sept. 13, 2013. (Xinhua/Huang Jingwen)

other on issues re lated to

sovereignty, security, territorial

integrity, political system, social

stability, and development models,

the Chinese president said.

He urged all SCO members to

conduct mutually-beneficial

cooperation based on equality and

consultation, so that they will

become good neighbors, good

friends and good partners.

On regional security and

stabil i ty, Xi cal led for the

implementation of a convention on

combating the “three evil forces” of

t e r r o r i s m , s e p a r a t i s m a n d

extremism, and the establishment

of a center for comprehensive response to

security threats and challenges.

The SCO members, he said, should work

jointly to combat the “three evil forces,” help

Afghanistan realize peace and stability, and

safeguard regional security.

On practical cooperation, the Chinese

president called on all members to carry

forward the Silk Road spirit.

Xi said an agreement on facilitation of

international road transportation should be

signed speedily within the SCO so as to build

transport corridors connecting the Baltic Sea

and the Pacific Ocean, and linking Central

Asia with the Indian Ocean

and with the Gulf.

The SCO countr ies

should also explore a trade

and investment facilitation

a g r e e m e n t , p r o m o t e

economic and financial

cooperation, establish an

SCO development bank and

an energy club, and put in

p l a c e a c o o p e r a t i o n

m e c h a n i s m f o r f o o d

security, he added.

On cultural exchanges,

the Chinese president called

for closer people-to-people

communication to build

strong public support for the



SCO’s future development.

China will establish a joint judicial

exchange and training center with the SCO at

the Shanghai University of Political Science

and Law to train judicial professionals for

other SCO members, Xi said.

Meanwhile, Xi also stressed that China

attaches great importance to the Syrian

situation and supports the international

community’s efforts in striving for a cease-fire

and peace talks.

Beijing supports Russia’s proposal that

Syria surrender its chemical weapons to

international control for their eventual

destruction, he said, adding that China is

ready to enhance communication and

coordination with related parties through the

UN Security Council, and will continue its

unremitting efforts in facilitating a political

settlement.

The leaders of the SCO members agreed to

jointly fight the “three evil forces,” drug-

trafficking and transnational organized

crimes, deepen cooperation in economy,

culture, science, tourism and health, and

safeguard regional and global security with

other countries and organizations.

The leaders also vowed to give full play to

the leading role of the United Nations and

peacefully solve international and regional

disputes through political means.

On the Syria crisis, the SCO leaders called

for an immediate end to violence, an early

start of inclusive political dialogues and the

convening of an international conference.

The SCO, an inter-governmental

organization founded in Shanghai in June

2001, groups China, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan,

Russia, Tajikistan and Uzbekistan.

It also has Afghanistan, India, Iran,

Mongolia and Pakistan as observers, and

Belarus, Sri Lanka and Turkey as dialogue

partners.

The Chinese president arrived here

Tuesday for a state visit to Kyrgyzstan and for

the SCO summit. Before that, he visited

Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan

and attended a Group of 20 summit in the

Russian city of St. Petersburg.

News Analysis: SCO Summit Promotes Regional Stability and Cooperation

Bishkek, Sept. 13 (Xinhua) — Shanghai

Cooperation Organization (SCO) leaders

conducted in-depth exchanges of views and

reached broad consensus on issues such as

good-neighborly relations and key global and

regional affairs during the bloc’s 13th summit

that closed Friday.

The meeting of the SCO Heads of State

Council was held at a time when international

and regional situation was getting

increasingly complicated and the SCO was

faced with fresh opportunities and

challenges.

Analysts said that the summit will

provide added impetus to safeguard regional

security, deepen economic cooperation and

improve people’s livelihood and advance the

sound steady development of the regional

bloc.

SECURITY COOPERATION REMAINS TOP PRIORITY

Cooperation on security, which has been

one of its key tasks since the SCO was founded



in Shanghai in 2001, will remain the bloc’s top

priority and primary objective for quite some

time in the future.

In a joint declaration issued here on

Friday, the SCO leaders called for concerted

efforts to fight international terrorism,

separatism, extremism, transnational

organized crime and other illicit activities and

improve the legal basis for cooperation in

these areas.

Zhang Xinfeng, director of the Executive

Committee of the SCO’s Regional Anti-

Terrorism Agency, said that the “three evil

forces” (of terrorism, separatism and

extremism) tend to propagate religious

extremism and recruit more followers via the

Internet and are highly interconnected with

drug trafficking, weapons smuggling and

organized crime.

He said that the organization will

strengthen its ability in processing

information and coordinating the cyber

security agencies of member states to fight

against the “three evil forces.”

Confronted with the complicated

international situation, SCO members have

adopted common positions on a series of hot-

spot issues and made known to the world

their strong resolve to safeguard regional

security and stability, advance regional

development and prosperity, establish a more

equitable international order and promote

world peace and development.

On the Syria issue, the member states

expressed their grave concern and advocated

that the region should achieve peace, stability,

prosperity and progress without external

interference, especially the interference of force,

unauthorized by the UN Security Council.

They also voiced support for putting the

chemical weapons under the supervision of

the international community and suggested

Syria join the Convention on the Prohibition

of the Development, Production, Stockpiling

and Use of Chemical Weapons and on Their

Destruction.

MORE FOCUS ON ECONOMY and HUMANITY COOPERATIONS

The pragmatic cooperation among SCO

members is currently on a fast track, fueled by

the twin engines of economic and security

cooperation.

In the past decade, the SCO has made

remarkable achievements in regional

economic cooperation. With trade scale

grown and cooperation mechanism

established, members states also witnessed

creation of the Entrepreneurs Committee and

the Inter-bank Association as well as a batch

of infrastructure projects in energy, traffic and

telecom fields.

Chinese President Xi Jinping proposed in

Astana last Saturday that China and Central

Asia join hands to build a Silk Road economic

belt to boost cooperation.

The proposal was warmly welcomed by

other members. They pledged to expand

trade scale, facilitate investment, lift regional

communication and shore up traffic, energy

and information network infrastructure.

They also called for a quickly show-up of a

multilateral financiers to better fund the

cooperation projects.

In the regard of humanity, summit

participants unanimously agreed to promote

cooperation in education, sports and tourism

among others.

They also pledged to continue the cultural

exchange to to build stronger public support

for the regional cooperation.

PLANNING LONG-TERM DEVELOPMENT

At the summit, SCO leaders approved a

framework to implement the Treaty on Long-


1September 2013 9NEWS FROM CHINA

Term Good-Neighborliness, Friendship and

Cooperation. The framework is essentially

important for SCO’s healthy development, for

it will guide its members to promote political

mutual trust and conduct in-depth pragmatic

cooperation.

Chinese Vice Foreign Minister Cheng

Guoping said that the framework confirms

nearly seventy cooperative measures in over

twenty domains, and sets a five-year plan for

cooperation from cementing interstate

relations to implementing projects.

In line with consensus reached by the

leaders, the SCO plans to launch cooperation

in law enforcement departments between

member states and observer states this year.

Such cooperation is expected between

member states and dialogue partners in 2014.

Those steps are conducive to build

consensus and joint efforts.

Being an important member of SCO,

China plays a big role in propelling the group

development and its internal cooperation. In

light of the developing regional situation,

China raised many proposals for SCO’s

development, which were recognized by the

relevant parties.

Dmitry Mezentsev, SCO’s secretary

general, believed that the group has been

well-developed in all directions during the

last twelve years which is not a long time in a

historical range.

In the coming years, scales, contents and

level of the cooperation among SCO members

will further develop, said Mezentsev,

asserting that it has a bright future.

China and Turkmenian President Discuss Bilateral Ties

Visiting Chinese President Xi Jinping (L) shakes hands with his Turkmenian counterpart Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov prior to their meeting in Ashkhabad, capital of Turkmenistan, Sept. 3, 2013. (Xinhua/Wang Ye)

Ashkhabad, Sept. 3 (Xinhua) —

Chinese President Xi Jinping and his

T u r k m e n i a n c o u n t e r p a r t ,

Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov,

held talks here Tuesday and decided

to lift bilateral ties to a strategic

partnership.

During their meeting, the two

leaders spoke h ighly o f the

development of bilateral ties and

jointly laid out the blueprint for future

cooperation between their countries.

Over recent years, the two

countries have enjoyed high political

mutual trust and witnessed fruitful

cooperation in economy, trade,

III. PRESIDENT XI JINPING VISITS FOUR CENTRAL ASIAN NATIONS

President Xi Jinping Visits Four Central Asian Nations


energy and culture, Xi said, noting that China

has become Turkmenistan’s largest trading

partner.

Their cooperation in natural gas, with the

two countries being each other’s largest

partner in this field, not only plays an

i m p o r t a n t r o l e i n t h e i r e c o n o m i c

development, but sets a good example for

international energy cooperation, Xi added.

Hailing China and Turkmenistan as

strategic partners in the real sense, Xi said

China will always be Turkmenistan’s good

friend, good partner and good brother.

In order to deepen bilateral cooperation,

the Chinese leader raised a multi-point

proposal that covers politics, security, natural

gas, trade, culture and regional affairs.

The two countries, he said, should firmly

support each other’s efforts in safeguarding

national sovereignty and security as well as

territorial integrity, and in promoting social

and economic development.

China supports Turkmenistan’s policy of

permanent neutrality, and stands ready to

maintain high-level contact and expand

exchanges between governments, legislatures

and political parties, he added.

The two sides should also push forward

the China-Central Asia natural gas pipeline

project and further expand energy

cooperation, proposed the Chinese president.

Meanwhile, he added, they need to boost

bilateral trade both in scale and quality, and

promote cooperation in non-resource sectors,

such as infrastructure, agriculture,

telecommunications, electricity, health care,

and high and new technology.

Xi also suggested that the two countries

beef up exchanges and cooperation in culture,

education and sports, especially those

between their young students

In addition, Xi urged the two sides to

enhance law enforcement and defense

cooperation, strengthen communication and

coordination on regional affairs, and support

an “Afghan-led and Afghan-owned”

reconciliation process in Afghanistan.

For his part, Berdymukhamedov said that

China has proved to be a reliable partner, and

that his country will regard its relationship

with China as a foreign policy priority no

matter how the international situation

changes.

The basis of equality and mutual trust for

bilateral cooperation helps Turkmenistan

bring its energy advantages into full play and

diversify its economy, he added.

Turkmenistan, he said, is willing to increase

its gas supply to China and speed up the

construction of related gas pipelines, and hopes

to broaden bilateral cooperation in trade,

agriculture, infrastructure and other areas.

After the talks, the two leaders signed a

joint declaration on establishing a strategic

partnership between the two countries, and

witnessed the signing of a series of bilateral

cooperation documents.

Speaking at a joint press conference, Xi

said the upgrade of bilateral ties marks a new

phase in the development of China-

Turkmenistan relations and heralds a better

future for bilateral cooperation.

The two countries, he said, should be long-

term, stable and reliable strategic partners in

the field of energy, and boost cooperation in

non-resource sectors, so as to bring more

benefits to their peoples.

Turkmenistan is the first leg of Xi’s

ongoing Central Asia trip, which will also

take him to Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and

Kyrgyzstan. He will also attend a Group of

Twenty summit in the Russian city of St.

Petersburg and a Shanghai Cooperation

Organization summit in Kyrgyzstan.



China, Turkmenistan Agree to Promote Energy Cooperation

Chinese President Xi Jinping (L front) and his Turkmenian counterpart Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov attend the ceremony of inaugurating the No. 1 processing plant of the Fuxing Gas Field in Mary, Turkmenistan, Sept. 4, 2013. (Xinhua/Ju Peng)

Ashkhabad, Sept. 3 (Xinhua) —

China and Turkmenistan pledged

Tuesday to promote bilateral

energy cooperation and push

forward their natural gas pipeline

project.

The two sides made the pledge

in a joint declaration issued

following talks between visiting

Chinese President Xi Jinping and

his Turkmenian counterpart,

Gurbanguly Berdymukhamedov.

In the document, the two sides

agreed to take measures to

guarantee a safe and stable

operation of Line A and Line B of

the Turkmenistan-China natural

gas pipeline, as well as a sound

implementation of their natural gas project on

the right bank of Amu Darya, a major river in

Central Asia.

Meanwhile, they vowed to work together

to complete the construction of Line C and

make it ready for gas transmission at an early

date, and to make sure that Line D will be

completed and ready for gas transmission in

2016.

Eventually, according to the document,

they will achieve the target of transmitting 65

billion cubic meters of natural gas annually.

Prior to his visit, Xi said in an interview

that China, a major energy consumer, and

Turkmenistan, a major energy producer,

enjoy a natural advantage and huge potential

in energy cooperation.

The two countries have already carried

out major cooperation projects, such as the

China-Central Asia gas pipeline, he said,

noting that the pipeline has linked up with the

second line of China’s west-to-east gas

transmission project to form the longest

natural gas pipeline in the world.

The two sides, he added, may launch all-

dimensional energy cooperation and be each

other’s long-term, stable and reliable strategic

partner in the energy field.

Xi is in Turkmenistan for an ongoing

Central Asia tour, which will also take him to

Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. He

will also attend a Group of Twenty summit in

the Russian city of St. Petersburg and a

Shanghai Cooperation Organization summit

in Kyrgyzstan.



Chinese President Arrives in Astana for Kazakhstan Visit

Astana, Sept. 6 (Xinhua) — Chinese

President Xi Jinping arrived here Friday for a

state visit to Kazakhstan after attending a

Group of 20 (G20) summit in the Russian city

of St. Petersburg.

During the visit, Xi is scheduled to hold

talks with his Kazakh counterpart Nursultan

Nazarbayev, witness the signing of a series of

cooperation documents and attend a meeting

of the two countries’ entrepreneurs.

He is also expected to deliver a speech at

the Nazarbayev University, expounding

China’s foreign policy toward

Central Asia.

China-Kazakhstan relations

have enjoyed rapid development

since they established diplomatic

ties 21 years ago, and the two

c o u n t r i e s h a v e f o r g e d a

c o m p r e h e n s i v e s t r a t e g i c

partnership.

China and Kazakhstan have

s e e n f r e q u e n t h i g h - l e v e l

exchanges and ever-deepening

mutual trust.

They have achieved fruitful

results in economy and trade

cooperation, with two-way trade

surging to 13.57 billion U.S. dollars

in the first half of 2013, up 23.1

percent year-on-year.

China is now the largest trading partner of

Kazakhstan, and Kazakhstan is China’s

second largest trading partner in the

Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS)

region after Russia.

Kazakh Prime Minister Serik Akhmetov

said when meeting with visiting Chinese

Foreign Minister Wang Yi in August that

Kazakhstan is ready to work with the Chinese

side to lift their comprehensive strategic

partnership to a new high.

After his Kazakhstan trip, Xi is also

scheduled to pay state visits to Uzbekistan

and Kyrgyzstan. Before the G20 summit, he

visited Turkmenistan.

The Chinese president will attend the 13th

meeting of the Council of Heads of Member

States of the Shanghai Cooperation

Organization in Kyrgyzstan.

Chinese President Xi Jinping (L, front) is welcomed by Kazakh President Nursultan Nazarbayev (R, front) upon his arrival in

Astana, Kazakhstan, Sept. 6, 2013. Chinese President Xi Jinping arrived here Friday for a state visit to Kazakhstan after attending a

Group of 20 (G20) summit in the Russian city of St. Petersburg.

(Xinhua/Huang Jingwen)



Chinese, Kazakh Presidents Agree to Strengthen Bilateral Ties

Chinese President Xi Jinping (L) shakes hands with his Kazakh counterpart Nursultan Nazarbayev prior to their talks in Astana, Kazakhstan, Sept. 7, 2013. (Xinhua/Xie Huanchi)

Astana, Sept. 7 (Xinhua) — Visiting

Chinese President Xi Jinping and his Kazakh

counterpart Nursultan Nazarbayev agreed at

a meeting on Saturday to strengthen bilateral

ties.

During the talks, the two leaders summed

up the development of China-Kazakhstan

partnership, charted a future course for

cooperation and reached extensive consensus

on deepening their comprehensive strategic

partnership.

Calling China-Kazakhstan ties as an

example of neighborliness and

mutually beneficial cooperation,

Xi said China is happy to see a

stable, strong and prosperous

Kazakhstan.

China supports Kazakhstan to

choose a development path in

accordance with its own reality,

maintain national sovereignty,

promote economic and social

d e v e l o p m e n t a n d p l a y a

constructive role in international

and regional affairs, Xi said.

For his part, Nazarbayev said

Kazakhstan will always be

China’s good neighbor, friend

and brother, and Kazakhstan is

willing to stride forward together

with China.

He noted that Xi’s visit carries

on the tradition of close contact

between the two countries’ leaders and shows

a high degree of trust, mutual support and

sincere cooperation.

At the meeting, both leaders agreed that

mutual support of each other’s core interests

and issues of major concern is the essence of

the China-Kazakhstan comprehensive

strategic partnership.

They said China-Kazakhstan energy

cooperation is complementary and mutually

beneficial, and both countries are long, stable

and reliable energy cooperation partners.

The two leaders pointed out that China

and Kazakhstan have the potential for future

cooperation in more extensive fields. Both

sides should improve their two-way trade

structure, stimulate trade diversification,

improve cooperation scale and quality, so as

to achieve a trade volume of 40 billion U.S.

dollars in 2015.

They also agreed the “three evil forces”

and organized cross-border crimes are the



common threats of the two countries and the

region, and have to be harshly cracked down.

After the meeting, the two leaders signed a

joint declaration on further deepening the

comprehensive strategic partnership and

witnessed the signing of a package of

cooperation documents.

Xi arrived here on Friday for his first state

visit to Kazakhstan after attending a Group of

20 summit in the Russian city of St.

Petersburg.

Chinese President Says Cooperation with Kazakhstan Enjoys Broad Prospect

Astana, Sept. 7 (Xinhua) —

Visiting Chinese President Xi

Jinping said here on Saturday

that cooperation between China

and Kazakhstan enjoys broad

prospect and will certainly bring

tangible benefits to the two

peoples.

During a meeting with

Kazakh Prime Minister Serik

Akhmetov, Xi said cooperation

between the two countries

enjoys a natural advantage of

complementarity and friendly

political basis, and has always

followed the principle of

equality, mutual benefit and

win-win results.

Both sides should effectively

implement the mid- and long-

term plan of the China-Kazakhstan economic

and trade cooperation, and comprehensively

improve the scale and quality of trade and

investment cooperation, Xi said.

Both sides should also complete the

expansion of China-Kazakhstan crude oil

pipeline in accordance with the schedule and

accelerate the C-line construction of the

China-Central Asia gas pipeline, Xi said.

For his part, Akhmetov said the Chinese

Chinese President Xi Jinping (R) meets with Kazakh Prime Minister Serik Akhmetov in Astana, Kazakhastan, Sept. 7, 2013. (Xinhua/Xie Huanchi)

economy maintains sound development

m o m e n t u m , w h i c h p r o v i d e s m o r e

opportunities for bilateral cooperation.

The Kazakh government will work

toward the target of 40 billion U.S. dollars of

two-way trade in 2015, he said.

Xi arrived here Friday for his first state

visit to Kazakhstan after attending a Group of

20 summit in the Russian city of St.

Petersburg.



Chinese President Tables Five-Point Proposal on Cooperation with Uzbekistan

Tashkent, Sept. 9 (Xinhua) — Chinese

President Xi Jinping tabled a five-point

p r o p o s a l o n f u r t h e r i n g p r a g m a t i c

cooperation between China and Uzbekistan

here on Monday.

China and Uzbekistan are important

strategic partners of each other, Xi said when

meeting with his Uzbek counterpart, Islam

Karimov.

He called on the two countries to take a

long-term perspective to chart the course of

future development of their bilateral relations

in the face of fresh changes in the international

and regional situation as well as in their ties.

Firstly, Xi urged the two countries to

raise the volume of two-way trade to five

billion U.S. dollars by 2017. He called on the

two to start talks on a free-trade zone as

early as possible and expand mutual

investment.

Secondly, China and Uzbekistan should

deepen energy cooperation by ensuring the

safe and stable operation of the China-

Uzbekistan gas pipeline and expanding

cooperation in such areas as natural gas

processing, oil shale development and

renewable energy, he said.

Thirdly, the two countries should

promote infrastructure connectivity, Xi said,

urging them to complete as soon as possible

the rail and road networks linking China,

Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan.

Fourthly, they should build joint special

i n d u s t r i a l z o n e s a n d a g r i c u l t u r a l

demonstrat ion parks ,

expand local-currency

settlement as well as beef

up cooperation in science

and technology, he said.

Lastly, Xi called on the

two countries to promote

cultural and people-to-

people exchanges.

Xi stressed that China-

Uzbekistan relations boast

a unique advantage of

high-level mutual trust,

urging the two countries to

firmly support each other

o n t h e i r c h o i c e o f

development path and on

issues concerning their core

interests.

For his part, Karimov said China has

provided sincere help in Uzbekistan’s

development, and it has been proven by facts

that China is a great neighbor and a reliable

partner.

Chinese President Xi Jinping (L) meets with Uzbekistan’s President Islam Karimov in Tashkent, Uzbekistan, Sept. 9, 2013. Xi arrived here on Sept. 8, 2013 for a state visit to Uzbekistan. (Xinhua/Huang Jingwen)



Uzbekistan also appreciates China’s

important contributions to world peace and

development, he said.

Karimov said energy cooperation is

considered a priority, pledging to build a safe

and reliable natural gas pipeline connecting

the two countries.

Uzbekistan welcomes the investment of

Chinese enterprises and is willing to promote

the interconnectivity with China in such fields

as trade, communication, transportation

infrastructure and culture, he added.

The two leaders also exchanged views on

the situation of Central Asia and agreed to

deepen their law enforcement and defense

cooperation, combat “three evil forces” of

terrorism, extremism and separatism, drug

trafficking and transnational crimes, protect

major cooperation projects, as well as

maintain the peace and stability of both

countries and the whole region.

They also voiced their joint position on

Afghanistan, pledging support for the

reconciliation and reconstruction efforts in

the country.

After their talks, the two presidents

witnessed the signing of a series of

cooperation documents in such fields as

economy and trade, energy, investment and

financing.

Xi arrived here for a state visit to

Uzbekistan late Sunday after wrapping up a

trip to Kazakhstan. Earlier in his ongoing

overseas trip, he visited Turkmenistan and

attended a Group of 20 summit in the Russian

city of St. Petersburg.

After Uzbekistan, the Chinese president is

to pay a state visit to Kyrgyzstan, where he

will also attend a Shanghai Cooperation

Organization summit.

China, Uzbekistan Vow to Deepen Strategic Partnership

Tashkent Sept. 9 (Xinhua) — China

and Uzbekistan vowed here Monday

to further boost bilateral cooperation

and deepen their strategic partnership.

The two countries made the pledge

in a joint declaration issued after talks

between visiting Chinese President Xi

Jinping and his Uzbek counterpart,

Islam Karimov.

Xi’s visit to Uzbekistan testifies to

the political will of both countries to

accelerate the development of bilateral

practical cooperation in various areas,

said the document.

The two countries agreed to

maintain regular consultations at all

levels, exchange views on bilateral and

Chinese President Xi Jinping (R, front) visits the ancient Ulugh Beg Observatory with the company of Uzbekistan’s President Islam Karimov (C) in Samarkand, Uzbekistan, Sept. 10, 2013. (Xinhua/Huang Jingwen)



major global issues in a timely manner,

deepen mutual understanding and

coordinate their stances on issues of common

concern.

They also reaffirmed mutual support for

their respective choices of development path

as well as positions on core-interets issues,

each pledging to stay away from any bloc,

activity or treaty that harms the other’s

sovereignty, security and territorial integrity.

Meanwhile, the two sides pledged to

boost law enforcement cooperation, jointly

fight the “three evil forces” of terrorism,

extremism and separatism as well as other

transnational crimes, and safeguard national

and regional security.

They also vowed to further promote

cooperation within such multilateral

frameworks as the United Nations and the

Shanghai Cooperation Organization (SCO) to

contribute to regional and global peace,

stability, security and development.

China, said the declaration, thinks highly

of Uzbekistan’s efforts to maintain stable

economic growth in the face of international

financial woes, and is willing to provide

further financial and technological assistance

for Uzbekistan’s socioeconomic development.

The two countries also pledged to further

improve their trade structure, diversify

bilateral economic cooperation, and expand

mutual market access for goods, services and

advanced technologies.

In the declaration, the two countries set a

target of lifting the volume of two-way trade

to 5 billion U.S. dollars by 2017.

Meanwhile, they agreed to strengthen

energy cooperation to ensure long-term, safe

and stable operation of the China-Uzbekistan

gas pipeline, promote joint exploration and

development of oil, gas and natural uranium,

and tap the cooperation potential in

renewable energies.

Uzbekistan urges Chinese enterprises to

make greater use of its special economic and

industrial zones, which herald a bright

prospect for large-scale, mutually beneficial

investment projects.

Noting that transportation infrastructure

is of particular significance to the fast

development of bilateral cooperation, the two

countries pledged to continue cooperation in

this regard, and called for an early start of the

construction of a China-Kyrgyzstan-

Uzbekistan railway.

Among many others, the two countries

also vowed to broaden cultural and people-

to-people exchanges, and agreed to set up a

Confucius Institute in the Uzbek city of

Samarkand.

Xi arrived here Sunday for a state visit.

Earlier in his ongoing overseas trip, he visited

Turkmenistan and Kazakhstan and attended

a Group of 20 summit in the Russian city of St.

Petersburg.

After Uzbekistan, the Chinese president is

to pay a state visit to Kyrgyzstan, where he

will also attend a SCO summit.

China, Kyrgyzstan Agree to Boost Cooperation on Security

Bishkek, Sept. 11 (Xinhua) — China and

Kyrgyzstan vowed here on Wednesday to

boost cooperation on security and jointly fight

the “three evil forces” of terrorism, extremism

and separatism.

The “three evil forces” remain the major



threat to security in the two countries and the

whole region, the two countries said in a joint

declaration issued after talks between visiting

Chinese President Xi Jinping and his Kyrgyz

counterpart Almazbek Atambaev.

In the declaration,

they strongly con-

demned and opposed

all forms of terrorism,

e x t r e m i s m a n d

separatism, and agreed

t o e x p a n d a n d

strengthen coordi-

nation and cooperation

t o j o i n t l y c o m b a t

transnational crimes

including illegal arms

and drugs trafficking.

As members of the

Shanghai Cooperation

Organization (SCO),

both countries agreed

that the organization

h a s c o n t r i b u t e d

posit ively to safe-

guarding regional security and stability and

promoting common development among

member states.

The two sides will deepen practical

cooperation within the SCO, and promote the

establishment of a SCO development bank

and food safety mechanism.

China and Kyrgyzstan, said the

declaration, will e close coordination within

the framework of the SCO.

The Chinese side beliehavves Kyrgyzstan,

which currently holds the SCO’s rotating

presidency, has made a great contribution to

promoting the SCO’s development and

successful preparations for the 13th meeting

of the Council of Heads of the SCO Member

States.

On the role of the United Nations, the two

countries pointed out that the UN has played

a key role in safeguarding world peace and

promoting international cooperation.

They said international co-operation

remains an important

part of the strategic

partnership between

the two countries,

adding that they

w o u l d m a i n t a i n

cooperation within

such mult i la tera l

frameworks as the

United Nations to

respond to regional

and global challenges.

T h e y a l s o

supported the UN

institutional reforms

to improve its work

efficiency and the

ability to cope with

challenges and threats

t i m e l y , s a i d t h e

declaration.

They agreed that peace and stability in

Central Asia is in the interest of every country

in the region, saying that they firmly oppose

any external forces to interfere in the internal

affairs of Central Asian countries.

On cultural and people-to-people

exchanges, the two countries attach great

importance to strengthening exchanges and

cementing their time-honored friendship.

They expressed the willingness to deepen

cooperation in culture, science, education,

health, tourism, sports, intellectual property

protection, innovation and cultural relics

protection.

Beijing, the declaration said, will provide

1,500 scholarships to Kyrgyz students in the

Chinese President Xi Jinping (L) holds talks with his Kyrgyz counterpart Almazbek Atambaev in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, Sept. 11, 2013. (Xinhua/Wang Ye)



next five years, and Bishkek supports China to

set up Confucius Institutes in Kyrgyzstan’s

Osh.

The Chinese president arrived here late

Tuesday for a state visit to the Central Asian

country, where he will also attend a SCO

summit.

Kyrgyzstan is the last stop of his ongoing

overseas trip, which has taken him to

Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan and Uzbekistan.

He also attended a Group of 20 summit on

Sept. 5-6 in the Russian city of St. Petersburg.

Chinese President Calls for More Trade between

China's Xinjiang and Kyrgyzstan

Bishkek, Sept. 11 (Xinhua) — Chinese

President Xi Jinping proposed here

Wednesday that his country and Kyrgyzstan

work together to boost trade between China’s

Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region and the

Central Asian country.

Xi made the remarks during a meeting

with Kyrgyz Prime Minister Zhantoro

Satybaldiyev.

The Chinese president said the

establishment of a strategic partnership

between the two countries is in line with the

fundamental interests of the two peoples.

Relevant departments of the two sides

should step up their communication, promote

two-way trade, and enhance cooperation in

a g r i c u l t u r e , c u s t o m s a n d

interconnectivity, he said.

H e a l s o h o p e d t h a t

Kyrgyzstan will further improve

its investment environment and

create favorable conditions for

Chinese firms.

For his part, Satybaldiyev said

his government will actively

implement the agreements the

heads of state of the two countries

have reached and further expand

bilateral cooperation.

Stressing that his country

welcomes Chinese investment, he

said Kyrgyzstan is ready to work

with China to properly carry out

such big projects as the China-

Central Asia gas pipeline.

He also called for joint efforts

to promote infrastructure cooperation and

boost exchanges between the two countries’

border areas.

Chinese President Xi Jinping (R) meets with Kyrgyz Prime Minister Zhantoro Satybaldiev in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, Sept. 11, 2013. (Xinhua/Wang Ye)



Xi arrived here Tuesday for a state visit to

Kyrgyzstan, the last stop of his ongoing

overseas tour, which has taken him to

Turkmenistan, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and a

Group of 20 summit in the Russian city of St.

Petersburg.

President Xi's Joint Written Interview with Media from Turkmenistan, Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan

Beijing, Sept. 3 (Xinhua) — Chinese

President Xi Jinping accepted joint written

interview with media from Turkmenistan,

Russia, Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and

Kyrgyzstan on bilateral relations, the G20

affairs, the development of the Shanghai

Cooperation Organization (SCO) and China’s

economic situation, before his Central Asia

tour.

Xi will pay state visits to Turkmenistan,

Kazakhstan, Uzbekistan and Kyrgyzstan. Xi

will also attend the eighth Leaders’ Summit of

G20 to be held in St. Petersburg, as well as the

13th Meeting of the Council of Heads of

Member States of SCO in Bishkek, capital of

Kyrgyzstan.

The media inc lude the Neutra l

Turkmenistan Newspaper, the Interfax News

Agency of Russia, the Kazakh Telegraph

Agency, the Kazakhstanskaya Pravda, the

Information Agency “Jahon” of Uzbekistan

and the Slovo Kyrgyzstana.

Following is the full text:

1 . H o w w o u l d y o u e v a l u a t e Turkmenistan’ s relationship with China, in particular the energy cooperation between the two countries? What outcomes do you expect to achieve from this visit?

The friendly relationship between China

and Turkmenistan dates back a long time. The

commercial and cultural exchanges along the

ancient Silk Road have laid a solid foundation

for the traditional friendship between the two

countries. Since the establishment of

diplomatic ties in 1992, bilateral relations

have come a long way. Last year, two-way

trade reached a new record of US$10.3 billion,

registering a growth of over 100 folds in seven

years. The two sides have maintained close

communication and coordination in the

United Nations and on Central Asian affairs

and firmly upheld their common strategic

interests. China is satisfied with the

achievements in i ts re lat ions with

Turkmenistan.

Energy cooperation is a highlight in

China-Turkmenistan relations, which fully

testifies to the high level of political mutual

trust between the two sides. The two

countries successfully carried out major

cooperation projects such as trade in natural

gas and construction of the China-Central

Asia gas pipeline. The China-Central Asia gas

pipeline is now linked up with the second line

of China’s west-to-east gas transmission

project. Together, they form the longest

natural gas pipeline in the world. The natural

gas from Turkmenistan at the heart of Central

Asia could now be transferred through a

distance of over 8,000 kilometers, crossing

mountains and rivers, to reach the Pacific

coast. It is a fine example of international

energy cooperation and an epitome of the

friendship between the Chinese and

Turkmenistan people.

China, a major energy consumer, and



Turkmenistan, a major energy producer,

enjoy a natural advantage and huge potential

in energy cooperation. China is ready to

expand the current pipeline construction and

natural gas trade with Turkmenistan in line

with the principle of equality, mutual benefit

and win-win cooperation. The two sides may

launch all-dimensional cooperation,

inc luding in areas of explorat ion,

development and oil and gas chemical

industry, and be each other’ s long-term,

stable and reliable strategic partners in the

energy field.

Now, the Chinese people are working

hard to realize the Chinese dream of the great

renewal of the Chinese nation, and the

Turkmenistan people are striving to bring

about an epoch of power and happiness. This

makes the development strategies of the two

sides all the more compatible.

I am looking forward to the visit during

which I will have in-depth exchange of views

and jointly make some important decisions

with President Berdymukhamedov on how to

plan for the third decade of bilateral relations

and how to coordinate development

strategies of the two sides and realize

common prosperity. I am confident this visit

will achieve the goal of lifting the overall

bilateral relationship, facilitating large

projects and cooperation in priority areas and

promoting lasting friendship from generation

to generation, so as to inject a strong impetus

i n t o t h e r e l a t i o n s h i p

between the two sides.

2. How does China view its current economic slowdown? What are the future prospects of China’ s economy? Will China adopt any new measures to stabilize economic growth?

The fundamentals of the

Chinese economy are sound. In the first half of

this year, China’ s GDP grew by 7.6%, which

was relatively high compared with other

countries. In fact, the growth rate could have

been higher had we continued with the past

development model. However, we have

chosen to implement a macro economic policy

under which we will press ahead with the

adjustment of economic structure in order to

transform and upgrade the economy. We

would rather bring down the growth rate to a

certain extent in order to solve the

fundamental problems hindering our

economic development in the long run. In this

sense, such a growth rate is the result of sound

adjustment.

In specific terms, domestic demand

accounted for 7.5 percentage points in the

7.6% growth rate, and our current account

surplus is now within the internationally

recognized reasonable range. We have

focused on improving our social security

policy and stabilized and expanded

employment, providing 7.25 million new jobs

in the first half of this year. We are indeed

confronted with difficulties such as local

government debt and overcapacity in some

industries, but the problems are well within

control and could be handled properly.

China’s economy, the second largest in the

world, is highly integrated with the world

economy. China’s economic development has

contributed significantly to world economic

recovery. A China that

e n j o y s m o r e s t a b l e

economic performance,

higher quality of growth

and better prospect of

s u s t a i n a b l e g r o w t h

undoubtedly bodes well

for the world economy. We

have the conditions to

realize sustained and

Now, the Chinese people are working hard to realize the Chinese dream of the great renewal of the Chinese nation, and the Turkmenistan people are striving to bring about an epoch of power and happiness.



sound economic development, which will

expand market and development space for

other countries and generate more positive

spillover effect for the global economy.

3. You will have a bilateral meeting with President Putin on the sidelines of the G20 St Petersburg Summit. What expectations do you have for this summit? How do you see the work Russia has done in hosting the summit?

I am very much looking forward to

meeting my old friend President Putin in St

Petersburg. As I said during my visit to Russia

last March, I hope the two sides will seize the

opportune time of early spring to plough and

hoe and reap a bumper harvest not only for

our bilateral relations but also for peace and

development in the world.

It is heartening to note that both sides are

working hard to implement the cooperation

consensus and agreements President Putin

and I reached in Moscow, and bilateral

cooperation in a wide range of areas, from

economy, trade, investment, energy and law

enforcement, to strategic and security

matters, military-to-military relations,

defense technology, local exchanges, culture

and international affairs, has yielded

important results or made positive progress.

This time, my meeting with President

Putin will take place in autumn - the golden

season of harvest. What has been sowed in

spring will be turned into rich fruits this

autumn. Together, we will review the

progress in bilateral ties since our March

meeting, set the direction and targets for

cooperation in various areas in the next stage,

and witness the signing of many new

cooperation documents between relevant

departments and companies.

I am sure that both sides will use the

upcoming summit meeting as an opportunity

to further capitalize on the high-level political

relationship between our two countries,

deepen practical cooperation across the

board , in tens i fy coordinat ion and

collaboration in international affairs, and take

China-Russia relations to the next level to

facilitate development efforts in both

countries.

As the holder of this year’s G20

presidency, Russia has made robust efforts to

coordinate among members, strengthen the

role of the G20 and promote world economic

recovery. It has done a great deal of effective

work in preparation for the G20 summit, fully

demonstrating the role and impact of a major

global player. China highly commends

Russia’s effort.

China pledges its full support to Russia’s

efforts to host a successful summit. We believe

that under Russia’s stewardship and with the

efforts of all parties, the forthcoming St

Petersburg summit will deliver positive

results. By building consensus for G20

cooperation, putting forward ideas for global

economic governance, and stimulating

growth momentum for the world economy,

the summit will serve as an important link in

the course of G20' s development.

4. The Eighth G20 Leaders’ Summit will soon be held in St Petersburg, Russia. What does China expect from the summit?

The G20 Leaders’ Summit will soon take

place in St Petersburg. At a time when world

economic growth lacks momentum and the

deep-seated impact of the international

financial crisis goes on unabated, it will be an

important meeting among leaders of the

world’s major economies. China supports the

St Petersburg summit to focus on growth and

employment to promote even closer

partnerships among G20 members ,

strengthen their macro-economic policy

coordination and jointly usher in a brighter

future for the world economy.



First, G20 members should adopt

responsible macro-economic policies. It is

important that each country should, first and

foremost, manage its own affairs well, keep its

own economic house in order, and enhance

economic competitiveness through vigorous

structural reforms. On the basis of this, parties

should step up policy coordination, make

sure that the spillover effect of their policies

are positive, not otherwise, and work together

to meet the major risks and challenges in the

international economic and financial fields.

Second, the G20 should uphold and

p r o m o t e g r e a t e r

openness in the world

economy. Countr ies

should categorical ly

oppose protectionism of

all forms, promote an

early harvest of the Doha

Round negotiations, and

safeguard a free, open

and non-discriminatory

mult i la tera l t rading

regime. Efforts should be

made to deepen economic

i n t e g r a t i o n a m o n g

countries, build a global

value chain, and avoid fragmentation of

markets and trading systems. This will

contribute to win-win development of all

countries.

Third, the G20 should work to improve

global economic governance. It should

continue to increase the representation and

voice of emerging markets and developing

countries. In particular, it should speedily

implement the quota and governance reform

plans for the IMF, complete on time IMF’s

quota formula adjustment and the next round

of general quotas review by January 2014, and

review the basket of currencies for special

drawing rights as scheduled for 2015.

Fourth, the G20 should strive to be a

development partner for developing

countries. It should fully harness its own

advantage and demonstrate greater political

commitment to pushing for solutions to

global development issues. It should forge

more effective global partnerships on

development, and mobilize more economic

resources to tackle a greater number of

development challenges.

5. What has made it possible for the G20 Leaders’ Summit to play an important role in

tackling the international financial crisis? How is the G20 different from other mechanisms for international economic cooperation? What is China’s view on G20’s role in the present-day world?

The G20 consists of

both developed countries

and emerging economies.

It operates on consensus

and reflects the changing

w o r l d e c o n o m i c

landscape as well as shifts in international

economic relations.

After the outbreak of the international

financial crisis in 2008, the G20 was defined as

the premier forum for international economic

cooperation. As such, it has encouraged

greater international coordination on macro-

economic policies. It has taken a number of

major steps, and gradually lifted the world

economy out of the shadow of the financial

crisis. In addition, it has promoted quota

reform at the IMF and voting rights reform at

the World Bank, established the more

representative Financial Stability Board, and

))



supported the WTO in playing a central role

in the multilateral trading regime. By doing

so, it has made important contribution to the

improvement of global economic governance.

Right now, the G20 is in a transition from a

crisis-management mechanism to one that is

dedicated to long-term economic governance.

If its members continue to

follow the spirit of solidarity

and win-win partnership, and

take firm steps to strengthen

m a c r o - e c o n o m i c p o l i c y

coordination, improve global

economic governance, reform

the international financial

system, and promote global

trade liberalization, the G20

will definitely embrace a bright

future.

6. How do you evaluate the current r e l a t i o n s h i p b e t w e e n C h i n a a n d Kazakhstan, and what are your expectations of its future? What could the two countries do to meet the bilateral trade target of US$40 billion by 2015, and how will they engage in cooperation in non-resources sectors? China and Kazakhstan are comprehensive strategic partners. What are your views and suggestions for bilateral cooperation on international and regional issues?

China and Kazakhstan are friendly

neighbors and comprehensive strategic

partners. Since the establishment of

diplomatic ties 21 years ago, bilateral relations

have maintained sound, rapid and steady

development . Both s ides view the

relationship with the other as a foreign policy

priority. It is fair to say that the relationship is

now at its best in history and the

comprehensive strategic partnership between

the two countries faces unprecedented

opportunities for further growth.

Continuous expansion and deepening of

China-Kazakhstan practical cooperation is

essential to strengthening the material

foundation of the comprehensive strategic

partnership. Recent years have seen robust

growth in bilateral economic cooperation and

trade. China is now the largest trading partner

of Kazakhstan, and Kazakhstan is China’ s

second largest trading partner

in the CIS region. To further

elevate bilateral practical

cooperation, the two countries

have set the strategic target of

raising two-way trade to

US$40 billion by 2015.

Admittedly, to achieve

these goals requires efforts

from both sides. The two

countries need to continue to

act in the principle of mutual

benefit and, while maintaining their sound

cooperation in oil and gas, fully tap the

cooperation potential in agriculture,

transport, hi-tech, tele-communications,

chemical engineering and other non-

resources areas. At the same time, exchanges

and cooperation may be increased between

the people and localities of the two countries

to put in place a cooperation structure with

clear priorities and simultaneous growth

across the board. I am confident that with

concerted efforts of the two sides, the all-

dimensional, wide-ranging and results-

oriented cooperation between China and

Kazakhstan will be elevated to new heights,

bringing more tangible benefits to the two

peoples.

Both being developing countries and

countries of influence in the world, China and

Kazakhstan hold common or similar

positions on international and regional affairs

and both shoulder the important mission of

safeguarding peace, development and

Recent years have seen robust growth in bilateral economic cooperation and trade. China is now the largest trading partner of Kazakhstan, and Kazakhstan is China’ s second largest trading partner in the CIS region.



stability in the region and beyond. As

members of the Shanghai Cooperation

Organization, China and Kazakhstan have

worked actively together within the SCO

framework to take on security threats

including terrorism, separatism and

extremism and advance cooperation in

agriculture, finance and connectivity, among

others. China will continue to work with

Kazakhstan to make new and still bigger

contribution to peace, stability and

development in the region and the world at

large.

7. How do you assess Uzbekistan’s relations with China? In what areas could the two countries work together to revive the Silk Road?

Uzbekistan is a close and friendly

neighbor as well as a strategic partner of

China. Over the past 21 years

since the establishment of

diplomatic relations, China-

Uzbekistan relations have

maintained sound and steady

growth. Fruitful cooperation has

been conducted across the board

and a large number of major joint

projects successfully imple-

mented to the benefit of the

people. In 2012, two-way trade

reached 2.875 billion U.S. dollars,

more than 50 times the figure in the early days

of diplomatic relations. China is now

Uzbekistan’ s second largest trading partner

and its biggest source of foreign investment.

The China-Uzbekistan strategic partnership is

brimming with vigor and vitality. China will,

acting in the long-term interests and in

keeping with the need of the growth of

bilateral relations, work with Uzbekistan to

take the strategic partnership to new heights.

Both China and Uzbekistan boast time-

honored history and splendid culture. More

than 2,000 years ago, the Chinese and Uzbek

people opened the Silk Road together. Today,

it is the shared historic mission of both

countries to revive the Silk Road. By fully

tapping into their geographic proximity,

economic complementarity and close

cultural, historical and people-to-people ties,

the two countries may work actively together

in the following areas. First, advance

connectivity. China is ready to cooperate with

Uzbekistan in rail, road, air and transit

transportation, among others. Second,

expand trade and investment and raise the

quality of business cooperation. The Chinese

government will encourage more Chinese

companies with a competitive edge to invest

in Uzbekistan and welcome Uzbek companies

to conduct business in China.

Third, boost people-to-people

exchanges. We will tap the

potential in tourism cooperation,

actively exchange academic and

other delegations and stage

cultural performances in each

other’s countries.

I am confident that with the

joint efforts of the two sides, the

modern Silk Road with diverse

forms and rich content will

definitely bring more benefits to the two

peoples.

8. How do you see the current development and prospect of Kyrgyzstan’s relations with China? What do you expect to achieve from your visit to Kyrgyzstan?

Kyrgyzstan celebrated the 22nd

anniversary of independence just a few days

ago. I wish to take this opportunity to extend,

on behalf of the Chinese government and

people, warm congratulations to the people of

Kyrgyzstan. I wish the friendly country of

Kyrgyzstan prosperity and its people

China will continue to work with Kazakhstan to make new and still bigger contribution to peace, stability and development in the region and the world at large.



happiness.

Since the establishment of diplomatic

relations in 1992, China-Kyrgyzstan relations

have maintained fast and steady growth.

Cooperation in various fields has yielded

obvious results and bilateral relations have

reached an unprecedented height with bright

prospect. The two sides have resolved once

and for all the boundary question left over

from history in the spirit of mutual respect,

equality and non-interference in each other’ s

internal affairs, making the 1,100 km

boundary a bond of friendship and

cooperation between the two peoples.

Practical cooperation in trade,

e n e r g y , t r a n s p o r t , t e l e -

communications, agriculture

and other areas has continued to

e x p a n d . C h i n a i s n o w

Kyrgyzstan’s second largest

trading partner and its second

biggest source of foreign

investment. The two sides fully

r e s p e c t e a c h o t h e r ’ s

development path chosen in light

of national conditions, firmly

support each other on major

issues related to their respective core interests

and have worked hand in hand in the

aftermath of the international financial crisis

and major natural disasters. As such, they are

indeed each other’s trustworthy neighbor and

friend.

China highly values its relations with

Kyrgyzstan and sees major opportunities to

further grow this relationship. China is ready

to work with Kyrgyzstan to deepen political

mutual trust, expand mutually beneficial

cooperation, boost strategic coordination and

raise the bilateral relationship to a new level.

I am looking forward to my state visit to

Kyrgyzstan. During the visit, I will have

official talks with President Almazbek

Atambayev to jointly map out and make

important decisions concerning the future

growth of bilateral relations.

I am convinced that with concerted efforts

of the two sides, the visit will be a success and

will inject fresh and robust dynamism to the

growth of China-Kyrgyzstan relations.

9. Cooperation in security and economy represents the principal direction of SCO cooperation. In your view, how should the SCO better perform its security and economic functions?

In the past 12 years since the founding of

the SCO, member states have

forged a close community of

common destinies and shared

interests. In the face of complex

regional and international

situation, maintaining regional

security and stability and

p r o m o t i n g c o m m o n

development of member states

has been, is and will continue to

be SCO’s top priority and

objective for quite a long time to

come.

On security, member states need to

continue to firmly support each other’s

endeavor to safeguard national security and

social stability and intensify efforts to combat

terrorism, separatism and extremism and

drug-related crimes. What merits caution is

that there is a growing tendency of terrorists

and drug criminals colluding with each other

in the region. Therefore, counter-terrorism

and anti-narcotic efforts should be integrated

with a two-pronged approach. China believes

that there is a need to give the SCO Regional

Counter-Terrorism Structure the function of

anti-narcotics to enhance its overall ability to

fight both terrorism and drug trafficking.

China is ready to work with Kyrgyzstan to deepen political mutual trust, expand mutually beneficial cooperation, boost strategic coordination and raise the bilateral relationship to a new level.



On economy, member states need to

vigorously promote pragmatic cooperation.

The ultimate purpose of maintaining regional

security and stability is to achieve common

development and prosperity. Parties need to

accelerate the implementation of cooperation

projects in such advantageous areas as

transport, energy, communications and

agriculture, and expedite studies on setting

up an SCO development bank to resolve

project financing difficulties and address

international financial risks. Moreover, the

SCO needs to step up pragmatic cooperation

with other multilateral mechanisms in the

region to draw on each other’s strengths.

China has all along supported SCO’s

development. For a long time, China has

actively exchanged experience on law-

enforcement and security cooperation with

other member states, provided concessional

loans for economic cooperation among

member s ta tes , he lped them tra in

professionals for national development, and

worked with them to respond to the

international financial crisis in a spirit of

solidarity. China will continue to join hands

with other member states to create a brighter

future for the SCO.

10. The 13th Meeting of the Council of Heads of Member States of the SCO will soon be held in Bishkek. What are your expectations and assessments of the upcoming summit? What initiatives will you put forth at the summit?

Since its inception, the SCO has taken solid

steps in cooperation in political, security,

economic, people-to-people and cultural

fields and on the international stage. It has

played an important role in maintaining

regional security and stability and promoting

common development, and is now brimming

with vigor and vitality. It has become the

consensus of member states to facilitate faster

and better development of the organization

and to promote the attainment of common

targets.

The SCO Bishkek Summit will take place

against two important backgrounds. First,

there have been new changes in the region

and the world. In-depth adjustments in global

economy, persistent turmoil in west Asia and

north Africa, and new complexities in the

Afghanistan issue have all posed new

challenges to regional security and stability

and to SCO cooperation and development. At

the same time, emerging economies have

demonstrated greater development potential

and broader prospects for cooperation. This

has brought new opportunities for SCO’s

development. Second, the Treaty on Long-

Term Good-Neighborliness, Friendship and

Cooperation Between the SCO Member

States, which has officially come into effect,

has injected fresh impetus to member states’

efforts to elevate cooperation to a higher level,

improve their capacity in meeting various

threats and challenges, and speed up the

building of a region of lasting peace and

common prosperity. In this context, the

upcoming summit will make plans and

arrangements for SCO’s work at the next stage

in l ine wi th the above-ment ioned

developments and changes.

I believe that to advance the development

of the SCO, it is necessary to continue to carry

forward the “Shanghai Spirit” that features

mutual trust, mutual benefit, equality,

consultation, respect for diverse civilizations

and the pursuit of common development. It is

important to ensure success in two areas: first,

enhance self-development, improve capacity-

building, and increase efficiency and level of

cooperation; second, strengthen partnership

network building, promote cooperation with

observers and dialogue partners through

concrete steps, and jointly work out regional



External Affairs

development plans. Three tasks need to be

fulfilled in real earnest, namely, maintaining

security, developing the economy and

improving people’s wellbeing as identified in

the Strategic Plan for the Medium-Term

Development of the SCO, to the benefit of

people of member states.

At the summit, I will put forth China’s

views and initiatives on the afore-mentioned

matters and I look forward to hearing

valuable opinions from colleagues. I am

confident that with concerted efforts of all

member states, the summit will produce

expected results and open a new chapter in

the development of the organization.

Li Keqiang's Speech at Summer Davos Opening Ceremony

Dalian, Sept. 11 (Xinhua) — Chinese

Premier Li Keqiang on Wednesday delivered

a speech at the opening ceremony of the

seventh Annual Meeting of the New

Champions, also known as the Summer

Davos Forum.

The following is the full text of Li’s speech:

The Chinese Economy: Reform and Innovation For Sustained and Healthy Development

Speech by Li Keqiang

At the World Economic Forum

Annual Meeting of the New

Champions 2013

11 September 2013

Professor K laus Schwab ,

Executive Chairman of the World

Economic Forum, and Mrs. Schwab,

Distinguished Guests, Ladies

and Gentlemen, Dear Friends,

Let me begin by extending, on

behalf of the Chinese government,

hearty congratulations on the

opening of the seventh Summer

Davos Forum and a warm welcome

to all the distinguished guests.

Seven years ago, when the Davos Forum

came from the high mountains in Switzerland

to the shore of the Bohai Bay in China, I was

working in Liaoning and was personally

engaged in the launch of the Forum, and my

memories of the event are still vivid today. I

am truly happy that the Forum, which has

been held in Dalian and Tianjin in rotation

since then, is gaining greater influence, and I

IV. EXTERNAL AFFAIRS


External Affairs

find the theme of this year’s Forum, “Meeting

the Innovation Imperative,” a forward-

looking one that points the way to the future.

Five years have passed since the outbreak

of the international financial crisis in

September 2008. Yet the world economy still

faces a complex situation. Just as developed

economies begin to show some signs of

improvement, emerging economies are

confronted with rather serious downward

pressure. As we often say in China, “Hardly

has one wave subsided when another wave

rises.” Affected by a multiple of factors,

economic growth in China has slowed down

to some extent. Yesterday, Professor Schwab

and I had an exchange of views with some of

the business representatives. They all showed

a keen interest in the state and prospects of the

Chinese economy. For some time now, there

have been many comments on the Chinese

economy, wondering whether it may slow

down too early, like in some other countries,

or even encounter a hard landing. What I

would like to say is that the Chinese economy,

which is at a crucial stage of transformation

and upgrading, is moving forward in a steady

way and its fundamentals are sound.

Economic growth in China went down

from 7.9 percent in the fourth quarter of last

year to 7.7 percent in the first quarter and 7.5

percent in the second quarter of this year with

a reduced increase in consumption,

investment and foreign trade. There was a

registered negative growth in the central

government revenue, which has been rarely

seen for many years. Confronted with

downward pressures, we stayed committed

to the overall policy of seeking steady

economic progress. We took a host of

innovative policies and measures with a

holistic approach to pursue steady growth,

conduct structural readjustment and promote

reform, which served to ensure a

smooth economic performance.

First, keeping the macro

economic policy stable with

consideration given to both

immediate and long-term needs. In

the face of economic downturn, a

short-term stimulus policy could be

one way to drive up growth. But

after weighing the pros and cons,

we concluded that such an option

would not help address the

underlying problems. Hence, we

opted for keeping the macro economic policy

stable, which we believe served both the

immediate needs and long-term interests of

the economy. With respect to fiscal policy, we

introduced policy measures that kept deficit

from expanding, readjusted the expenditure

structure, cut down administrative

expenditures, accelerated spending,

increased support for the central and western

regions as well as for structural readjustments

and for improving people’s wellbeing, and

granted preferential tax treatment to small

and micro businesses. In terms of monetary

policy, we stayed focused, responded calmly

and met difficulties head-on. We did not relax

or tighten the monetary policy in spite of the


short-term fluctuation in the money market,

and properly managed liquidity. We

supported the real economy mainly by

making good use of both the stock and the

increment. At the same time, we strengthened

supervision and improved regulation to

prevent and defuse potential risks in the fiscal

and financial sectors. Regarding the local

government debt issue, which has become a

source of concern, we are taking pertinent

measures to regulate and address it in an

orderly fashion. Here, I can say with certainty

that the situation is on the whole safe and

manageable.

Second, steadfastly pursuing reform and

opening-up with priority given to the

stimulation of the market. Reform and

innovation provide an inexhaustible driving

force for a country’s development. What this

government has done first is to vigorously

reform the administrative system with focus

on transforming government functions. Since

the beginning of this year, we have abolished

or delegated to lower levels the conduct of

administrative review and approval for over

200 items. By streamlining administration

and delegating power, the government aims

to delegate power to lower levels as much as

what is necessary and appropriate while

effectively managing all the matters within its

purview so as to provide a level-playing field

for all enterprises and stimulate the creativity

of market players. We have expanded the

scope of the business-to-value added tax pilot

reform, and advanced reforms relating to

market-based interest rates, the investment

and financing system for the construction of

railways and other infrastructure, pricing of

resource products and government

procurement of public services. We have

accelerated the reform of economic structure,

endeavored to develop a mixed economy,

relaxed market access in the financial, oil,

electricity, railway, telecommunications,

resources development, public facilities and

the services sector, encouraged more

investment of the non-public sector, and

provided greater space for business of various

ownerships.

China’s modernization will not be

accomplished without reform, nor will it be

achieved without opening-up. We have

explored new ways to open China wider to

the outside world. In the first half of this year,

we signed FTA agreements with Switzerland

and Iceland, and we have recently discussed

with ASEAN leaders on how to upgrade the

China-ASEAN Free Trade Area. In our effort

to build a pilot free trade-zone in Shanghai,

the negative-list approach will be explored

and priority will be given to easier investment

access and greater openness in trade in

services. We have also adopted measures to

facilitate foreign trade and promote a steady

growth in import and export.

Third, readjusting and optimizing the

structure with emphasis on transformation

and upgrading. China is now at such a crucial

stage that without structural transformation

and upgrading, we will not be able to achieve

a sustained economic growth. In readjusting

the structure, the most important aspect is to

expand domestic demand, and a major task is

to pursue a balanced development between

urban and rural areas and among different

r e g i o n s . W e w i l l r e l y m a i n l y o n

industrialization, new type of urbanization,

IT application and modernization of

agriculture and focus on developing the

service sector which is of strategic

importance. We are cultivating new growth

areas of consumption and implementing the

“Broadband China” strategy. We will

enhance the weak links and invest more in

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energy conservation and environmental

protection, redevelopment of shantytowns,

infrastructure in urban areas, and railways in

the central and western regions. We are

stepping up support for contiguous and

concentrated poverty-stricken areas. We have

adopted special policy measures to promote

old age care, health, cultural, educational and

other services. We are implementing the

strategy of innovation-driven development at

a faster pace, aggressively promoting

technological innovation and deep

integration of science and technology with the

economy and building a social environment

friendly to innovation and business start-up

activities.

Since the start of this year, China has been

rather successful in coordinating efforts to

seek steady growth, conduct structural

readjustment and deepen reform, and this is

mainly attributable to innovation in macro

management. Seizing the growth potential

and acting to address the need in reality, we

have set a reasonable range of economic

performance with a lower limit designed to

ensure steady growth and job creation and an

upper limit which is meant to avert inflation.

The limits are also seen as benchmarks for

anticipatory regulation measures. We have

also developed a macro policy framework in

keeping with the reasonable range of

economic performance. As long as the

economy runs within the reasonable range,

we will keep the macro economic policy

generally stable, and focus on shifting the

g r o w t h m o d e l a n d o n s t r u c t u r a l

readjustment. In this connection, what is

essential is to advance reform and innovation,

tap potential domestic demand, and unleash

innovation motivation and reform dividends

in order to boost market vitality and the

internal driving force for growth and upgrade

the Chinese economy.

These measures have brought about a

sound momentum of stable economic

performance in China. In July and August,

PMI, PPI, industrial value added, import and

export, power consumption, freight volume

and other major indicators all rebounded; the

real economy was active; urban employment

situation continued to improve and prices

were generally stable with enhanced market

confidence and growing public expectations.

Such a development momentum of steady

progress gives us the confidence that we will

meet the economic and social development

goals set for the whole year. Having said that,

we must see that the foundation for economic

rebound is sti l l fragile with many

uncertainties ahead. We cannot and will not

slacken our efforts. We must be prepared to

tackle more difficulties and challenges.

Ladies and Gentlemen,

The fast growth of the Chinese economy

over the past 30-odd years is a miracle in the

history of development of the world. The

Chinese economy has entered a phase of

medium to high rate growth. Though lower

than the near double-digit rates seen in

previous years, a growth in the neighborhood

of 7.5 percent is still considered high for any

major economy in the world. China’s

economic size is considerably bigger than

before. As the economy enters a phase of

transformation, the slowdown of its

prospective growth and moderation of the

Chinese economy from a high speed to a

medium to high speed are only natural.

Moreover, China’s growth in the coming

years should be predicated on higher quality

and efficiency, bolstered by resource

conservation and environment protection,

and driven by technological innovation and

advance. It has to be a growth with sufficient

employment and growing household income.

In other words, we need to ensure the fruits of

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reform and development benefit as many

people as possible.

Looking ahead, I see bright prospects for

China’s development. We are well placed to

sustain a healthy economic growth in the long

run. The process of industrialization and

urbanization is far from being completed in

China, which promises a big room for

regional development and huge market

potential; reform, an overriding trend that is

irreversible, is bound to unleash fresh

institutional vitality; and the hard work,

talent and perseverance of the Chinese people

will always provide the most important

support for development. We will continue to

grow the economy, improve people’s living

standards, uphold social justice, stay firm on

the path of reform and opening-up and

advance the cause of building socialism with

Chinese characteristics. As long as we remain

committed to long-term goals and focus on

addressing immediate challenges, the giant

vessel of the Chinese economy will break

waves and sail far. And we will achieve the

sustained and sound growth of the Chinese

economy.


In the world today, the trend towards

economic globalization, a multi-polar world

and IT application is gaining momentum. We

live in a global village. No country can live in

isolation of others like Robinson Crusoe. Over

the years, the Chinese economy has benefited

enormously from its opening-up policy. At

the same time, China has become a major

engine driving world economic growth and

played an important role in responding to the

international financial crisis. In the next five

years, China is expected to import 10 trillion

US dollars of goods, invest 500 billion US

dollars overseas and send over 400 million

tourists abroad. China, with its economic

structure transformed and upgraded, will

contribute more to the prosperity and

development of the world economy. China is

ready to share this huge business opportunity

with the rest of the world and hopes to have a

better cooperation environment for its

development.

As a major developing country, China is

ready to take up its responsibility in

international affairs. As its economy expands,

China will play an increasingly bigger role in

international affairs. As an ancient Chinese

saying goes, “A gentleman is always ready to

help others attain their goals.” We believe that

only by helping each other can we all attain

our goals. We are ready to take a more active

part in international governance and do our

best to provide international public goods.

We are ready to share our poverty reduction

experience with and offer more assistance to

fellow developing countries. We will share

responsibility for and make our contribution

to a strong, sustainable and balanced world

economy. However, China is still a

developing country. Over 100 million people

still live under the poverty line according to

i n t e r n a t i o n a l s t a n d a r d s . C h i n a ’ s

modernization will be a long and arduous

process. The international responsibilities

and obligations China undertakes must be

commensurate with both the level and

approach of its development.

In view of the difficulties and setbacks in

the global economic recovery, members of the

international community should increase

coordination on macro economic policies as

well as the readiness to cope with the cross-

border financial risks and help speed up the

reform of the global economic governance.

Developing countries should have greater

representation and bigger voices in

international affairs so as to minimize the

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adverse impact of the change of macro

economic policies by some countries on the

entire world economy, especially on

emerging market economies. All countries

should open wider to other countries, take a

clear-cut stand against all forms of

protectionism, and work in concert to enlarge

the pie of the world economy.

China will continue to encourage foreign

companies to make investment and do

business in China. We will create a more

investment friendly environment, intensify

IPR protection, and provide an environment

in which all players have equal access to

factors of production, market competition

and legal protection while taking up social

responsibilities together. Facts will continue

to prove that to come and do business in

China is a wise decision for multinationals to

grow their business.


We live in a time of fast changes. Changes

call for innovation and innovation leads to

progress. Reform and innovation is the

running theme and spirit of the policies

adopted by the Chinese government, and it is

the banner that we will always hold high. I

hope you, new champions of the world

economy, will become indeed champions of

reform and innovation in your respective

areas. Over the years, the Summer Davos has

played a unique role and served as an

important platform for discussions on the

Chinese economy. Now the new season of the

Chinese economic miracle, one of better

quality and higher efficiency, is unveiled, and

I guarantee you even more exciting stories to

come. I am sure that the Summer Davos

Forum will achieve greater successes,

presenting to the world new progress of the

Chinese people in building a modern country,

and contributing more wisdom and strength

to the common prosperity of China and the

world.

In conclusion, I wish this year’s forum a

complete success!

Thank you.

Premier Li Keqiang's Keynote Speech at 10th China-ASEAN Expo

Nanning, Sept. 3 (Xinhua) — The

following is the translation of Chinese

Premier Li Keqiang’s keynote speech at the

tenth China-ASEAN Expo and the China-

ASEAN Business and Investment Summit,

which runs from Sept. 3 to 6 in Nanning,

capital of south China’s Guangxi Zhuang

Autonomous Region.

Distinguished guests, ladies, gentlemen and

friends,

This year marks the tenth anniversary of

the establishment of China-ASEAN strategic

partnership and the holding of the China-

ASEAN Expo. In many of our oriental

countries, there is such a popular saying as “a

grand celebration in every 10th year”. Today,

the hall is full of distinguished guests and

filled with festive air. China has another

saying — “it takes a decade for a tree to grow

up”. The China-ASEAN strategic partnership

has gone through 10 years, like a fully grown

tree, which is thriving and fruitful. Now, it is

time for harvest as well as sowing for the

future. I have full confidence in the future

development of China-ASEAN relations. On

behalf of the Chinese government, I extend

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my warm welcome to all distinguished

guests from various countries, and I send

my sincere congratulations to the

successful holding of the China-ASEAN

Expo and the China-ASEAN Business

and Investment Summit.

Peace and development remain the

underlying trends of the world. China

will unswervingly follow the path of

peaceful development, and make positive

contributions to the prosperity and

stability of this region and the world.

Neighboring areas have always been the

focus and top priority of China’s

diplomacy. China’s new government will

more unswervingly uphold the foreign

policy of friendship and partnership with

neighboring countries, more actively realize

t h e c o n j u n c t i o n b e t w e e n C h i n e s e

development strategies and the development

goals of neighboring countries, and more

firmly and effectively build a community of

common destiny to share peace and

prosperity.

China and the ASEAN are close neighbors

that share affinitive cultures, bloods and

common interests. China is the first outside

big country to accede to the Treaty of Amity

and Cooperation in Southeast Asia. It is also

the first country to establish strategic

partnership with the ASEAN, and to launch

and complete the establishment of the free

trade area with the ASEAN. Over the past

decade since the establishment of China-

ASEAN strategic partnership, the relations

between the two sides have always featured

mutual respect, equal treatment, good

relations of neighborhood and mutual

benefit. Mutual trust between the two sides

has been constantly enhanced, practical

cooperation deepened, while people-to-

people and cultural exchanges are more

frequent, and cooperation in various fields

has made substantial progress. All the above

aspects have brought tangible benefits to

countries in the region and their people.

Nevertheless, we have also noticed that

there exist some disruptive factors in the

region that are against stability and

development, but they are not mainstreams.

Regarding South China Sea disputes, China

has always firmly held that the immediate

disputing parties should seek sound solutions

through friendly negotiations on the basis of

respecting historical facts and international

laws. The Chinese government is one of

accountability, and is willing to seek sound

solutions through friendly negotiations. The

Chinese side maintains that the South China

Sea disputes are not an issue between China

and the ASEAN, and they should not and will

not affect the overall China-ASEAN

cooperation. Ten years ago, China and

ASEAN countries jointly signed the

Declaration on the Conduct of Parties in the

South China Sea, which has firmly

maintained peace and stability and

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang delivers a keynote speech at the opening ceremony of the tenth China-ASEAN Expo in

Nanning, capital of south China's Guangxi Zhuang

Autonomous Region, Sept. 3, 2013. (Xinhua/Yao Dawei)

External Affairs


substantially safeguarded free voyages in the

South China Sea. China will continue to

comprehensively implement all provisions in

the Declaration with an attitude of

accountability, and steadily facilitate talks

over a code of conduct in the South China Sea

step by step under the framework of the

Declaration.

Here, on behalf of the Chinese

government, I solemnly declare that China’s

good-neighborly policy toward the ASEAN is

not a matter of expediency, but a long-term

strategic option of China. China will firmly

prioritize ASEAN member countries in the

country’s peripheral diplomacy, firmly

deepen the strategic partnership with the

ASEAN, and firmly cooperate with the

ASEAN to jointly safeguard peace and

stability in the region, including the South

China Sea. Meanwhile, China will keep

supporting the development of the ASEAN,

the establishment of the ASEAN community,

as well as upholding the dominant role of the

ASEAN in east Asian cooperation. China-

ASEAN relations must be long-run and

friendly, cooperative and mutually beneficial,

and fully embody the importance of the

strategic partnership between the two sides.

Ladies and gentlemen!

The international situation continues to undergo complex and profound changes at

present. There are some positive s igns in the economy of developed countr ies , and e m e r g i n g e c o n o m i e s a n d developing countries have shown great potentials in market expansion. These are favorable and positive factors. Meanwhile, the world economy is in in-depth adjustment, and the global economic recovery is facing a lot of uncertainties and unstable factors. The profound impact of the international financial crisis has not ended, with structural contradictions, including out-of-control crisis, growth and North-South imbalances, remain outstanding. To deal with difficulties and challenges faced

by different countries, development is the essential resolution.

Asia, which has nearly half of the world’s population and one-third of the global economy, has created a series of growth miracles. It has become one of the most vigorous regions of world economic development in recent years. But we also need to notice that development among Asian countries remain uneven, and the task of promoting growth and improving people’s well-being is arduous. Recently, capital flows and financial markets in some emerging economies and developing countries have been influenced sharply due to the increasing expectations that some developed countries,

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (C) and leaders of ASEAN member countries attend the opening ceremony of the tenth China-

ASEAN Expo in Nanning, capital of south China's Guangxi

Zhuang Autonomous Region, Sept. 3, 2013. (Xinhua/Yao

Dawei)

External Affairs


major reserve currency issuing countries in particular, might withdraw from the quantitative easing monetary policies. Some Asian countries are among those affected, facing multiple challenges such as outflow of capital, currency devaluation, slower growth and rising inflation, which have aroused concerns from people and some friendly countries. Under the current circumstances, the major task of China and the ASEAN remains to develop their economy and improve people’s well-being. We should adhere to the guideline of giving priority to the economies, development and people’s well-being. We should focus our attention to those three aspects and keep advocating the spirit of unity and cooperation, as well as helping each other. We should also join hands to deal with possible and unforeseeable risks and challenges, and strive to keep the economy running smoothly and healthily. This is a common interest for all sides, and also for their people.

Ladies and gentlemen!

China and the ASEAN have achieved significant progress in the past decade under the meticulous cultivation by leaders of each countries. The two sides have witnessed a golden decade of China-ASEAN cooperation, with bilateral trade volume increasing by fivefold and the scale of two-way investment expanding threefold. We built up the largest free trade area of the developing countries across the world, which conform to the trend of development and bring benefits to the people. The ASEAN has already become the third largest trade partner of China. The economic connection between China and the ASEAN has n e v e r b e e n s o c l o s e a n d

interdependent as today.China and the ASEAN are natural

partners. We are in the same phase featured by a c c e l e r a t i n g i n d u s t r i a l i z a t i o n a n d urbanization, and we have similar development goals and tasks. Pushing China-ASEAN economic cooperat ion and development will definitely unleash enormous vitality. During these couple of days, I have held wide-ranging and profound exchanges with leaders of the ASEAN countries and we reached a series of important consensus. We unanimously agreed that our common interests are expanding. We had the capabilities to create a “golden decade” in the past, we also have the power to create a “diamond decade” in the future. We need to carry forward the cause pioneered by our predecessors and forge ahead into the future. Standing at a new starting point in history, we should seek new strategic breakthroughs, constantly deepen pragmatic cooperation, and work together to upgrade the level of

Chinese Premier Li Keqiang (1st L) and leaders of ASEAN member countries attend the opening ceremony of the tenth China-ASEAN Expo in Nanning, capital of south China’s Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region, Sept. 3, 2013. (Xinhua/Yao Dawei)

External Affairs


China-ASEAN cooperation on the basis of enhancing political mutual trust and promoting the spirit of openness and inclusiveness, so as to promote the advancement of the bilateral strategic partnership. Hence, I raise the following proposals for cooperation:

The first is to create an upgraded version of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area. The establishment of the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area has created a precedent for trade and investment cooperation in the Asia-Pacific region, which greatly boosted the rapid development of bilateral economic and trade relations. Looking into the future, China will uphold traditions in the establishment of the free trade area over the past ten years, prioritize the ASEAN’s representation of their interests, and create more favorable conditions for ASEAN’s development. We are willing to upgrade and expand the content and scope of China-ASEAN free trade area agreement based on the principles of mutual benefit and common development. Both sides can consider deepening talks on further lowering tariff rates, cutting non-tariff-related measures, launching dialogues for a new round of service trade pledge, and pushing forward the actual opening-up for investment through policies concerning access and personnel travels, so as to boost the liberalization and facilitation of trade and investment. This will enable the China-ASEAN Free Trade Area keep up with the times and make it into an upgraded version covering more areas and with higher quality. We are willing to sign long-term trade agreements for agricultural products with the ASEAN, actively expand the imports of ASEAN products that are competitive and appealing to the Chinese market. We aim to expand bilateral trade volume to one trillion U.S. dollars by 2020, meanwhile, increase bilateral investment by 150 billion dollars during the next eight years. Just as the ASEAN

is the priority in China’s peripheral diplomacy, the ASEAN is also the priority of China’s outbound investment. We also welcome enterprises in the ASEAN countries to invest and start businesses in China.

Meanwhile, China is willing to join hands

with the ASEAN to advance talks of Regional

Comprehensive Economic Partnership

(RCEP), and discuss exchanges and

interactions with frameworks such as Trans-

Pacific Partnership (TPP) Agreement, so as to

create an open, inclusive and mutually

beneficial climate to “make the two wheels of

regional and global trade roll together”.

The second is to boost mutual

connectivity. We need to speed up

cooperation in boosting mutual connectivity

in areas such as roads, railways, water

transport, aviation, telecommunication and

energy. More efforts will be made to facilitate

the gradual launch and construction of Pan-

Asia Railway network and effectively carry

out certain key projects. China will initiate a

new round of targeted loans and give full play

to the China-ASEAN Investment Cooperation

Fund, and work actively with various sides to

establish a financing platform in Asia to fund

large-scale infrastructure projects. While

stepping up the “hardware link”, China and

the ASEAN will also beef up efforts in

improving the rules of origin implementation

mechanism, and boost “software connection”

in standard systems such as information

exchange, customs clearance and quality

control, in order to create conditions for the

gradual building of an infrastructure-

connected Asia. The two sides should also

expand inves tment and indust r ia l

cooperation, jointly foster a batch of green and

highly efficient industrial parks to realize

mutual integration.

The third is to boost financial cooperation.

This is extremely crucial to safeguard

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48 September NEWS FROM CHINA

financial and economic stability in the region.

In recent years, China-ASEAN financial

c o o p e r a t i o n h a s m a d e p r o f o u n d

achievements and the overall scale of “Chiang

Mai Initiative” multilateralization agreement

has expanded to 240 billion dollars. The

Chinese side is willing to continue to work

with the ASEAN members to strengthen

multi-layer regional financial security

n e t w o r k , p r o m o t e t h e s u b s t a n t i a l

implementation of the bilateral local-currency

swap agreement, encourage cross-border

trade and investment settlements in local

currencies, facilitate ASEAN institutions to

invest in Chinese bond markets and

constantly improve early-warning and bail-

out mechanisms on regional financial risks. I

believe the region’s members are capable of

coping with various difficulties and

challenges, and by joining hands and helping

each other, China and the ASEAN are sure to

be able to maintain the steady economic

growth and economic and financial stability

in the region.

The fourth is to carry out maritime

cooperation. This is a key field for the two

sides to expand cooperation. The Chinese side

proposes to set up “China-ASEAN maritime

partnership”. At the forum, the China-

ASEAN harbor city cooperation network will

be launched. We have input 3 billion yuan in

setting up the China-ASEAN maritime

cooperation fund. We are doing researches in

carrying on a series of cooperation projects,

giving priorities to construction of fishery

bases, environmental protection for maritime

ecology, seafood production and trade,

navigation safety and search and rescue, and

facilitation of maritime transportation. We are

expecting for the active participation of the

ASEAN countries.

The fifth is to promote people-to-people

and cultural exchanges. The Chinese side

initiates to set the year 2014 as “China-

ASEAN Friendly Exchange Year”. China will

offer 15,000 government scholarship seats for

the ASEAN countries in the next three to five

years. China will also invest in a special fund

for Asian regional cooperation to deepen

people-to-people and cultural cooperation.

We will further make China-ASEAN Youth

Society and China-ASEAN Think Tank

Network play more active roles. I hope the

media will continue to support the China-

ASEAN development and send the messages

of friendly cooperation and greater

confidence to the world. To help China is to

help the ASEAN countries and the vice versa,

and by helping each other, we can achieve

mutual benefit and win-win results.

Ladies and Gentlemen!

Here, let me introduce the current

economic situation of China. Since the

beginning of this year, we have been

confronted with a complicated situation with

economic downward pressure and a sluggish

external market. We sized up the situation

and stayed calm. We stabilized macro-

economic polices and timely clarified the

reasonable range of the Chinese economy. We

coordinated tasks of stabilizing growth,

restructuring the economy and promoting

reforms. We conducted our work in a

systematic, comprehensive, and targeted way

to unleash dividends of reform initiatives. We

actively promoted the work to optimize

economic structure and gave full play to the

market mechanism. We firmly moved

towards this orientation. Even with

increasing downward pressure, we

addressed problems through reforms, and we

ensured that major economic indicators are

above a floor level and under a ceiling

through structural adjustment. These

External Affairs


measures, which address the present issues as

well as long-term problems, and draw on

China’s advantages and avoid disadvantages,

have started to show positive effects. Chinese

economy maintained steady growth in the

first half of the year. Recent data showed that

employment and consumer prices are stable

in China, a bumper harvest is expected, and

there is pickup in industrial production,

foreign trade and foreign investment

utilization figures. The market expectation is

improving, and the confidence is increasing.

Of course, we can not slack off and take the

situation lightly. We are fully aware that a

number of difficulties and challenges are

ahead. Some are foreseeable and some are not.

But we have conditions and capabilities to

achieve main tasks for this year’s social and

economic development. We are determined

to lay a good foundation for China’s economic

development in the next year, in the future

and for the country’s long-term, sustainable

and healthy economic development. China’s

development will not only improve the well-

being of the Chinese people, but also bring

more development and market opportunities

to other countries including ASEAN nations.

China and Southeast Asian countries had

been linked by the ancient maritime Silk Road

more than 2,000 years ago, and now we are

relaying the historic glory. The past decade

has seen the China-ASEAN Expo and the

China-ASEAN Business and Investment

Summit grow and prosper at a fast speed, and

we hope it will keep going smoothly. In

Chinese, the name of the expo venue

“Nanning” carried the meaning of “peace and

tranquility in the south”. For the 1.9 billion

peace-loving, hardworking, and intelligent

people in China and the ASEAN, a stable

environment promises prosperity and power.

I believe China and the ASEAN will see our

road of cooperation become wider and our

mutually beneficial outcomes more plentiful

and substantial.

Finally, I wish our guests every success in

your work and good health during the expo

and the summit, and I wish the tenth China-

ASEAN Expo and the China-ASEAN

Business and Investment Summit a complete

success!

Thank you.

Remarks by State Councilor Yang Jiechi At Reception Marking the 10th Anniversary of

China-ASEAN Strategic Partnership

Your Excellencies Foreign Ministers of

ASEAN Member States and ASEAN

Secretary-General,

Your Excellencies Ambassadors of ASEAN

Member States to China,

Distinguished Guests,


It gives me great pleasure to join you in the

golden autumn season in Beijing to celebrate

the 10th anniversary of the establishment of

China-ASEAN strategic partnership. Let me

first express, on behalf of the Chinese

government, sincere thanks and best wishes

to all friends who have long been committed

to China-ASEAN friendship.

The past ten years have seen leapfrog

development in China-ASEAN relations.

Politically, we have enjoyed mutual trust and

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support and have set an example for friendly

coexistence between developing countries.

Economically, we have worked together to

pursue common development. China has

become ASEAN’s top trading partner, while

ASEAN China’s third largest trading partner.

People-to-people and cultural exchanges

have increased with over 15 million people

travelling between the two sides, meeting the

target three years ahead of schedule and

contributing to deepened friendship between

our peoples. We have worked together with

the larger picture of Asian interests in mind

and made steady progress in East Asian

regional cooperation. In these ten years in

which we have cooperated with each other

and weathered storms together, our relations

have withstood the test and grown stronger

and more mature. Today, China and ASEAN

are good neighbors, good partners and good

friends who pull together and assist each

other in times of difficulty. China-ASEAN

friendship has become an important pillar

supporting peace and stability in East Asia.

And China-ASEAN cooperation has shown

the world an Asian spirit of solidarity and

perseverance, heralding an even brighter

future for Asia.

History is our best guide . The

development of China-ASEAN relations in

the past decade has convinced us that only by

firmly upholding regional peace and stability

can we take advantage of the rare

development opportunities. Only by

resolutely advancing regional economic

i n t e g r a t i o n a n d s e e k i n g c o m m o n

development can our people benefit most

extensively from the dividends of

cooperation. And only by sticking to the

“Asian way” and the “ASEAN way” of

addressing differences and conflicts through

friendly consultation and dialogue on an

equal footing can we remove obstacles, build

consensus, and take China-ASEAN relations

forward.


Dear Friends,

Major changes have taken place in Asia

and the world in the past ten years. All eyes

are now on Asia, a continent that has

registered a rapid growth. The economic

growth of China and ASEAN countries, being

important emerging economies in Asia, has

powered Asia’s development and world

economic recovery. The Chinese economy is

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now at a critical stage of transformation and

upgrading. The Chinese government is taking

a series of reform measures to energize the

market, tap the potential of domestic demand

and build an upgraded version of the Chinese

economy. The Chinese government has the

determination, confidence and capacity to

meet the development goals. We also believe

that ASEAN will make greater achievements

towards the goal of an ASEAN Community.

The Chinese government will stick to the

policy of developing friendships and

partnerships with neighboring countries,

continue to give priority to ASEAN in its

diplomacy with surrounding countries, and

deepen its strategic partnership with ASEAN.

China will continue to support ASEAN in its

growth and its efforts to build the ASEAN

Community and support ASEAN’s centrality

in East Asia cooperation. We are ready to

work with all ASEAN countries for closer and

stronger relations between us.

–– We should maintain frequent high-

level exchanges at the bilateral and

multilateral levels, expand exchanges and

cooperat ion between governments ,

legislative bodies and political parties of the

two sides, and communicate with each other

sincerely and candidly like members of one

big family to increase mutual trust and

deepen friendship.

–– We should jointly advance major

cooperation initiatives, accelerate the

development of the China-ASEAN Free Trade

Area (CAFTA), push forward all-dimensional

connectivity at a faster pace, and actively

carry out maritime cooperation to foster new

cooperation growth points.

–– We should always treat each other with

respect and as equals, expand dialogue and

cooperation in the security field, work

concertedly for common security in the

region, and maintain stability and tranquility

in Asia.

–– We should increase interaction

between the youth, think tanks, media

agencies, NGOs and social groups to spread

the seeds of friendship, enhance mutual

understanding and pass on the China-

ASEAN traditional, good-neighborly

friendship from generation to generation.

–– We should uphold the Asian principles

for regional cooperation, enrich and improve

the regional cooperation architecture, play an

active part in global governance, join hands in

safeguarding the rights and interests of

developing countries and promote a more just

and equitable international order.


Dear Friends,

In this new era, China and ASEAN

countries are growing into a community of

common destiny with intertwined interests

and shared responsibilities. As aptly put by

the ASEAN anthem, “For peace, our goal

from the very start, and prosperity to last. We

dare to dream, we care to share.” It is our

common goal to strengthen the strategic

partnership, promote common prosperity

and uphold Asia’s peace and stability.

Looking back, we are deeply proud of what

we have achieved in the past decade; looking

ahead, we are fully confident about what we

can achieve in the next ten years. I am

convinced that as long as we keep to the right

direction, enhance cooperation and properly

handle differences, we will be able to build a

brighter future for China-ASEAN relations,

and fulfill the dreams of our respective

countries and peoples, and the beautiful

dream of ensuring lasting peace and common

prosperity in Asia.

Thank you.

External Affairs

Foreign Minister Wang Yi: China Calls on All Parties Concerned to Exercise Restraints and Calmness on

Situation in Syria

On Aug 28, 2013, Foreign Minister Wang

Yi stated China’s view on the current situation

in Syria as inquired by a correspondent from

Xinhua News Agency.

Wang Yi said that China pays high

attention to the latest development of the

situation in Syria. China firmly opposes to any

use, by anyone, of chemical weapons in Syria,

and supports the investigating team of the

United Nations to conduct independent,

objective, fair and professional investigation.

At present, it should be ensured that there will

be no interference in the investigation, and no

prejudgement for the investigation results.

Wang Yi stressed that political settlement

has always been the only practical way of

solutions to the Syrian issue. External military

intervention contravenes the purposes and

principles of the UN Charter and the basic

norms of international relations, and will add

to the turmoil in the Middle East. China calls

on all parties concerned to exercise restraints

and calmness, adhering to the right track of

political solution.

Nepal, China Reiterate Commitment to Curbing Wildlife Crimes

Katmandu Aug. 30 (Xinhua) — The

governments of Nepal and China on Friday

agreed to step up collaborative efforts and

enforce a crackdown on illegal wildlife trade

at the border region of the two countries.

The two countries further expressed

commitment to taking fresh measures to

enhance trans-boundary cooperation in

biodiversity conservation.

Such a commitment was made during a

three-day workshop, which started on

August 28 and concluded Friday in the Nepali

capital in coordination with the WWF.

In the workshop, Nepali side was

represented by Tika Ram Adhikari, the

Deputy Director General at the Department of

National Parks and Wildlife Conservation.

Similarly, the Chinese side was

represented by Wan Ziming, the Director of

CITES Management Authority, State Forestry

Administration of China.

“Nepal is a transit point being used by

wildlife crime networks for the illegal export

and import of wildlife parts and their

derivatives,” said Megh Bahadur Pandey,

Director General of the Government of

Nepal’s Department of National Parks and

Wildlife Conservation.

“By working together, Nepal and China

will take concerted measures to help put a

complete stop to illegal wildlife trade

primarily at the border regions of the two

countries,” he added.

In the workshop, Nepal and China agreed

on designating focal points at the national and

local levels, especially at the border check

points in Jilong, Zhangmu and Pulan in Tibet

of China and Tatopani, Rasuwagadi and

Darchula in Nepal, to share real-time

information on significant seizures.


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Domestic Affairs

It was agreed that mutual assistance

would be provided to investigate trans-

boundary wildlife crimes and prosecute

perpetrators through official channels such as

Interpol National Centre Bureaus.

The two countries also decided to increase

surveillance on illegal wildlife trade routes

and trade hotspots through smart patrolling,

wildlife monitoring and research and

intelligence networks, while also establishing

anti-poaching units and their networks at the

local level.

“This workshop has been important in

terms of the participation of the local front-

line officers who have a significant role to play

in curbing wildlife crimes,” said Wan Ziming.

“The recommendations made in this

workshop are important pathways for Nepal

and China to control illegal trade in our

border regions,” added Wan.

Nepal and China signed a Memorandum

of Understanding in June 2010 to promote

trans-boundary cooperation to address the

issues related to biodiversity conservation

and protection of wildlife.

Over the years, Nepal and China have

strengthened ties by regularly hosting trans-

boundary meetings at the central and field

level and implementing CITES (the

Convention on International Trade in

Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora)

with a common understanding between the

two countries.

V. D MESTIC AFFAIRSO

China’s First Limo and Chinese Leaders

by Cheng Lu, Liu Xin

What sedans did Chairman Mao

Zedong choose for parade and daily

use? Some of them could be found in a

private classic car museum in Beijing,

capital of China.

Located 80 kilometers north of the

city, the Beijing Classic Car Museum has

200-plus old limousines comprising

Chinese and foreign brands like Hongqi

(Red Flag), Ford, Dodge, Desoto,

Mercedes-Benz and Volga.

Among them are 36 national sedan

Hongqi vehicles and they are Luo

Wenyou’s favorites. He is the owner of the

museum.

“Some of them were once used by

Chairman Mao Zedong, Premier Zhou Enlai,

and Marshal Nie Rongzhen,” the 58-year-old

Luo said.

In his eyes, “Hongqi represents China and

Chinese car manufacturing the best.”

In 1956, the Communist Party of China

held its central political bureau meeting.

Chairman Mao expressed his wish to be

driven in a homemade car to the meeting.

At the time, China’s auto industry was

budding following the country’s First

Automobile Works (FAW) poised to break

ground in 1953 in Changchun, capital city of

northeast Jilin Province.

“‘Live up to Mao’s expectations, make a

desirable car dedicated to him’ had become a

popular cry since then,” Luo told.

In 1958, the first Hongqi sedan was

produced by the FAW in response to Mao’s

wish.

Since its debut as parade sedan at

Tian’anmen Square in 1959 during China’s

10th National Day celebration, Hongqi’s role

has never been changed.

Chinese people have regarded the brand

as the nation’s pride for its links with party

leaders and historical role in the country.

As told by Luo, Hongqi has been the state

guest sedan replacing former Soviet Union’s

ZIS since 1964.

“In the sixties and seventies, being driven

in a Hongqi car ranked alongside visiting

Chairman Mao and staying at Diaoyutai State

Guesthouse as one of the highest privileges

for foreign dignitaries,” Luo said.

In 1961, Indonesia’s former President

Sukarno paid a visit to China. During the

welcome ceremony along the Tian’anmen

Square, he stood on the Hongqi CA72

Cabriolet to salute people. But due to

longtime standing, he felt tired and stepped

onto the seat sitting on the back.

“It could help him look like standing,”

Luo said, “and Premier Zhou Enlai noticed

what’s happened.”

Afterwards, Premier Zhou called for

making a review car in which leaders and

guests could either stand or sit.

One year later, the FAW

developed a car that fulfilled

Zhou’s requirement. In the car,

the reviewers could press a

button and escalate the seat.

Helped by this, they could be

seen as if still standing.

Luo did not tell whether this

kind of car has been used by

other reviews after that.

But he collected a special car

which witnessed Zhou’s fight

with bladder cancer.


Domestic Affairs

“There is only a stretcher behind the

driving cab,” Luo introduced, “Premier Zhou

could lay on the stretcher.”

“The window was covered by curtain in

order not to be recognized when it was driven

among the fleet,” Luo disclosed.

Luo Wenyou was born in the countryside

in north China’ s Hebei Province

and lined his pocket by running a

transport company, a karting site

and an automobile repair shop

since the age of 24.

He took fresh crack at

collecting world classic cars from

1978 when private car was still a

rarity in China’s street, and has

poured in tens of millions yuan

into his “cause” up to now.

“I can’ t exactly count how

much money I have put in. The

cars are priceless for me,” said

Luo.

His life was intimately

entwined with Hongqi since 1998, when Louis

Vuitton Classic, one of the world’s largest free

classic-car rallies, landed in China.

Luo drove the three rows of seats Hongqi

CA770 in the rally from Dalian to Beijing as

the only Chinese player.

He had almost 60 classic cars to choose

from for the rally, including many high-

performance world-level limousines.

“But I chose the Hongqi because a Chinese

player should drive his own Chinese car in the

game,” he said.

As Luo’s first Hongqi car, the V8-engined

CA770 has a lesser-known legendary history.

“Its previous owner is Nie Rongzhen.”

Nie (1899-1992) was a prominent Chinese

Communist military leader and one of 10

Marshals in the People’s Liberation Army of

China.

Luo said he forgot how many times he was

moved to tears during the game. “Many

witnesses shouted ‘long live China, long live

Hongqi’,” he recalled.

Wherever he arrived, people lined the

roads, cheering and taking photos with the

Hongqi “in a display of respect and pride to

Chinese-made vehicle”.

“The rally changed me from a common

classic car fan into a responsible lover of

Chinese-made limousines, especially the

Hongqi,” Luo said.

“Since then, I have dreamt of letting more

people know the history and value of them,”

he continued.

Luo sold his businesses and house after

the rally and immersed himself in China’ s

classic car collection. His “craziness” used to

anger his family, but nothing would stop him.

In 2005, he went to Beijing to build a classic


Domestic Affairs

car museum, only to find his love for ancient

vehicles being cold-shouldered.

After spending eight million yuan, Luo’ s

private museum, a two-floor building of 3,000

square meters, finally opened in 2009. But he

also changed from a multi-millionaire to a

church mouse.

“It takes a certain strength to collect these

cars, and an entirely different kind to let

people know their existence and value,” Luo

told.

His initial purpose was to show people the

history of Chinese classic cars as well as the

nation. Unexpectedly, only a few school

children and individual travelers visit the

museum. It fails to make ends meet now.

“My sources of income are from tickets (50

yuan per person) and car rentals for

exhibitions and movies. It is far from enough

to cover the maintenance and repair costs,”

Luo said frowningly.

Many well-to-do people offered to buy his

10.08-meter Hongqi over the past years, but

he rejected the deals.

Equipped with a refrigerator, air

conditioning, TV, telephone, leather sofas, the

super long V8-engined vehicle is placed

outstandingly in the museum and capable of

holding ten passengers.

“How could our country produce such a

great limousine in 1970s? Its technology and

design are so amazing that even now it’s not a

possibility for many countries,” he said,

declining to say how it came into his

possession.

According to FAW research institute,

Luo’s lengthened Hongqi was ordered by

Chairman Mao in the early 1970s. But when

the car completed in 1976, the same year

Mao passed away, it failed to emerge and be

used.

Hongqi was a superstar in China before

1980s, but it was not spared when the influx of

foreign cars has taken a toll on Chinese

brands.

The glory of Hongqi was tarnished as

FAW was ordered by the government to cease

production in 1981 because of high fuel

consumption and costs compared with

foreign vehicles.

“It could be said that 1981 was a watershed

for Chinese domestical ly produced

automobiles,” Luo said.

“For me, Hongqi means hand-made cars

produced before 1981. Each part, from the

small screws to the engine, was innovated and

m a n u f a c t u r e d b y C h i n e s e p e o p l e

themselves,” he added.

Luo indicated that current domestically

produced automobiles, including Hongqi

cars, boast higher technology and quality but

lack the imprint of history.

China’s policy of reform and opening up

gave the chance for Hongqi’s revival. But he

said it is hard to regain the past glory if the

brand fails to innovate itself.

Fashion-conscious Chinese people do not

show enough interest in Hongqi today.

In Beijing, there are 21 Audi car

dealerships but only three FAW ones.

“Shulei Chris” said at China’s twitter-like

service Sina Weibo, “I like the Hongqi brand

but worry about its quality.”

She intends to buy a BMW 320li for 350,000

yuan and indicates homemade cars lack

competitive quality and a good after-sale

service.

Luo agrees but insists on preaching the


Domestic Affairs

Hongqi brand. He said that domestically

produced vehicles are indispensable for

China’s big events.

The makers of the “national sedan” know

the car still has a long and bumpy road ahead

to regain the image as a competitive high-end

car brand.

Zhang Xiaojun, president of FAW Car

Sales Company — a subsidiary of China FAW

— told Xinhua that more than 1,000 Hongqi

H7 which is equipped with an independently-

developed engine, chassis and transmission

have been purchased by government

departments with more than 100 sold to

individual buyers.

The first H7 came off the production line in

July 2012 and cars were part of a procurement

package with the government. The company

officially put the model to the private market

on May 30, this year.

Zhang said the H7 is a major part of the

“Hongqi Revival” project, launched in 2008,

to rejuvenate the brand and build it to become

a model for China’s independently-owned

high-end car.

China remained the world’s largest

producer and market for automobiles for the

fourth consecutive year in 2012, according to

data released in January by the country’s auto

industry association.

“I hope a Chinese car with good brand

history and quality could be thrust into the

world limelight one day,” Luo said, “its name

may not be Hongqi, but it carries the dream of

all Chinese people.”

Back From Hungary

by Yuan Yuan

Fifty middle school students in

identical white T-shirts sat in a

meeting room at Novotel Hotel in

Beijing on August 7. They were

staring at a big screen displaying

pictures of a trip to Hungary they

just came back from.

“Do you remember the place

where we took this picture?”

“What was the name of this

person we met in Budapest?”

The woman displaying the

pictures asked questions to which,

the students eagerly replied, still

full of excitement.

Chinese students participating in a recuperation trip to Hungary

climb to the top of Sumeg Castle (QI WEI).


Domestic Affairs


However, the atmosphere was different at

a press conference held on July 24, one day

before they set off from Beijing. They were

introduced via slideshows to the beautiful

places they were going to visit and the

delicious food they were going to eat with

another picture display, but none of them

seemed to be excited. When asked about how

they felt, one girl even burst into tears.

This difference in attitude is also evidently

reflected by the pictures they took together

before and after the trip. Before setting off, the

students look solemn and nervous, but upon

their return the photos are all filled with

smiles.

The Changes

The students, aged from 12 to 17, all came

from areas affected by the 7.0-magnitude

earthquake that hit Ya’an City in southwest

China’s Sichuan Province on April 20. The

tremor claimed the lives of 193 people and

injured a further 12,211. The students either

came from families that suffered losses or

were individuals who acted outstandingly

during rescue work.

The invitation from Hungary came from

Istvan Ujhelyi, Vice Chairman of the

Hungarian Parliament, on April 23 at the

China-EU High-Level Political

Forum, which was held in Suzhou,

east China’s Jiangsu Province, three

days after the earthquake.

This is not the first time that

Hungary has reached out and helped

students from China’s quake-stricken

areas. Prompted by Ujhelyi, the

Hungarian Government invited

affected Chinese students for

recuperation in the country after the

Wenchuan earthquake in Sichuan in

May 2008 and the Yushu earthquake

in northwest China’s Qinghai Province in

April 2010.

Just as it was for the students of 2008, those

students making the trip this year had never

left China before.

“I have never even been to any big cities in

China, never mind another country,” said 14-

year-old Zhang Hongbo, a Tibetan student

from Qiaoqi Middle School in Baoxing

County.

The Ya’an earthquake damaged Zhang’s

family home as well as the road leading to the

county seat, which was ruined by a mudslide

following aftershocks.

“Knowing that I had the opportunity to go

on this trip, my father borrowed a motorbike

and carried me from our home in the village to

the county seat. It took us more than six hours,

almost double what it would have taken

before the road was damaged by the

earthquake,” Zhang said.

“I never thought I would get a chance to go

to another country while I was still in middle

school,” said Shu Qianlin, a 17-year-old

student from Baoxing Middle school in

Baoxing. “This trip has really opened my eyes

to many things and I’ve learnt a lot from it.”

“Taking these students out of their

hometowns and to a totally different

SMILING AGAIN: Chinese students enjoy themselves at

Balaton Lake (QI WEI).

Domestic Affairs


environment gives them a chance to forget

about the damage done to them,” said Qi Wei,

Senior Program Manager of the China

Foundation for Peace and Development,

which coordinated the trip.

Qi went on to explain that the itinerary

they had planned for the students aimed at

helping them with emotional recovery. In a

summer camp near Lake Balaton, they

participated in swimming, mountain

climbing, dancing, painting and other

activities. In Szeged and Budapest, the

students visited the famous Hungarian

Parliament Building and the Fisherman’s

Bastion, as well as the Confucius Institute at

the University of Szeged. They also paid a

visit to the Chinese Embassy in Hungary, and

met with Chinese Ambassador Xiao Qian.

A party was held for two students whose

birthdays occurred during the trip. “We

planned it secretly and it turned out to be a

great surprise for all of the students,” Qi said.

“The itinerary was similar to the one for

our last trip here in 2008,” he said. “I think

going camping is particularly helpful for the

students as from the moment they arrive in

Hungary they have to deal with everything

independently in a place they aren’t familiar

with.”

“The beautiful scenery at Lake Balaton has

healed the wounds in my heart caused by the

violent earthquake. The lessons we learned in

Hungary encourage me to explore the world

more. These memories will stay with me

forever,” said Liu Yiyi, a 14-year-old girl from

Tianquan Junior Middle School in Tianquan

County.

Liu also remembered being impressed

when they went mountain climbing. She saw

a very little girl running before her mom. The

girl was running quickly and ended up falling

over, but her mother just smiled at her and

encouraged her to stand up by herself. The

little girl got up and began running again.

“We cannot always feel sorry for

ourselves and stay down every time we fall,”

Liu said. “The image of the girl standing by

herself is always lingering in my mind. We

should do the same thing.”

Good Wishes

As the founder and chairman of the

Confucius Institute at the University of

Szeged, Ujhelyi has a strong interest in

Chinese culture and Confucian philosophy.

“Confucius said ‘First he practices what he

preaches and then he follows it,’” said Ujhelyi

when explaining his motivation to instigate

and sponsor these trips since 2008. He also

quoted the well-known last line from Chinese

w r i t e r L u X u n ’ s w o r k D i a r y o f a

Madman—”Save our children.”

“We will try to help them in forgetting the

unforgettable. I hope China and the EU can

learn more about each other in order to

facilitate future cooperation in various areas,”

said Ujhelyi, who, along with his own

children, accompanied the students on their

trip to Hungary.

“The trip helped promote Sino-Hungarian

fr iendship. Students learned about

Hungarian culture during the trip. At the

same time, they showed perseverance and the

ability to endure tragedy,” said Ji Ping,

Deputy Secretary General of the China

Foundation for Peace and Development.

“People in Hungary are very friendly and

helpful and students felt quite at home,” Qi

said. “I am glad to see them so happy after this

trip.”

Domestic Affairs


New Hazard in the Air

by Wang Hairong

Chinese urban residents, vexed by the

persistent smog that shrouded large parts of

the country in winter and spring, can finally

breathe a sigh of relief in summertime as the

weather begins to change and helps to

dissipate the particulate matter responsible.

However, many remain unaware of the

mounting threat caused by increasing ozone

levels. On hot and sunny days, ozone

concentration on the ground is more likely to

rise to an unhealthy level.

Chai Fahe, Vice President of the Chinese

Research Academy of Environmental

Sciences, said that ozone pollution

is seasonal, and ozone levels are

highest between May and October,

with daily ozone level peaks

between 2 and 3 p.m.

According to a recent air-

quality report released by the

Minis t ry o f Environmenta l

Protection (MEP), ozone and PM

2.5, which is fine particulate matter

measuring 2.5 microns or less in

diameter, were the primary

pollutants in June for 74 cities

a c r o s s C h i n a a n d t h r e e

economically developed zones,

namely the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei

region, the Yangtze River Delta and

the Pearl River Delta.

The report also shows the areas

monitored were polluted 45.2 percent of the

first six months of this year. Ozone was found

to be the primary pollutant 20.1 percent of the

time, while PM 2.5 was the primary pollutant

64.3 percent of the time.

Imminent Threat

With rising awareness of particulate

matter’s health impacts, a growing number of

Chinese urban residents have begun

regularly checking PM2.5 levels to see

whether they need to wear a mask when

going outside. But since ground ozone is not

as readily visible as the smog caused by

particulate matter, the pollution has not

caught public attention in the same way as PM

2.5.

Although ozone high up in the

stratosphere protects life on Earth from the

sun’s ultraviolet radiation, exposure to high

levels of ozone at ground level can cause a

wide range of health problems such as chest

pain, coughing, throat irritation and

A boy plays in downtown Beijing's Sanlitun area on July 24,

when the city suffered medium-level air pollution with high

ozone levels (LI XIN).

Domestic Affairs


permanent damage to the lungs. Increases in

the risk of premature death from heart or lung

disease can also be seen, according to experts.

The gas made up of three oxygen atoms is

also one of the principal components of

photochemical smog, which can reduce

visibility.

Ground ozone and PM 2.5 were not

included in China’s ambient air-quality

standards until February 2012, when the State

Council released new air-quality standards,

which were to be put into effect in different

regions at different times before the

nationwide implementation scheduled for

January 1, 2016.

In 2012, the standards became effective in

provincial capitals and municipalities that are

directly under the Central Government, as

well as key areas such as the Beijing-Tianjin-

Hebei region, the Yangtze River Delta and

Pearl River Delta.

This year, the standards are implemented

in a further 113 cities that are either

considered to be key cities for environmental

protection or to be model cities for

environmental protection. All prefecture-

level cities are required to meet the same

standards by 2015.

The new standards set the ceiling for the

maximum allowable eight-hour average

ozone level at 160 ppb, or parts per billion, for

residential, commercial, cultural, industrial

and rural areas and 100 ppb for areas such as

nature reserves and scenic areas. The

maximum permissible one-hour average

ozone level for these two groups of areas is

200 ppb and 160 ppb, respectively.

Some cities, including Beijing, began to

publish real-time PM2.5 readings to the

public last year. However, most cities have

not yet published real-time readings of their

ozone levels.

Beijing began publishing real-time PM 2.5

levels in January 2012, later adding readings

of ozone and carbon monoxide for the first

time in May of last year on a trial basis. Real-

time readings of these pollutants are

accessible to the public on the website of

Beijing Municipal Environmental Monitoring

Center.

Ozone is not emitted directly into the air,

but is instead created through chemical

reactions between other pollutants such as

nitrogen oxides and volatile organic

compounds, and these reactions can take

place in the presence of strong sunlight and

high temperature.

Emissions of these two pollutants tend to

mainly come from industrial facilities and

electric utilities as well as exhaust fumes from

motor vehicles, gasoline vapor and chemical

solvents.

Although its presence is less apparent,

ozone is more hazardous to human health

than PM2.5, and more difficult to control, said

Zhao Hualin, Director of the Pollution

Prevention and Control Department at the

MEP.

“Since ozone is produced by chemical

reactions between nitrogen oxides and

volatile organic compounds when they are

exposed to ultraviolet light, we must

simultaneously reduce nitrogen oxides and

volatile organic compound emissions in order

to reduce ozone levels,” said Tang Xiaoyan, a

Peking University professor and academician

with the Chinese Academy of Engineering.

Hard to Control

The 2012 State of China’s Environment

report released by the MEP showed that

emissions of nitrogen oxides in China

continued to rise until 2011, and then dropped

by 2.77 percent in 2012, exceeding 23 million

Domestic Affairs


tons in the year.

Although emissions of nitrogen oxides

have been regulated by the government,

volatile organic compounds are not included

in emissions reduction targets of the 12th

Five-Year Plan, China’s national social and

economic development initiative for 2011-15,

Tang said.

The 12th Five-Year Plan set goals to cut

four of the major air pollutants, including

sulfur dioxide and nitric oxide, by more than

10 percent each.

“Compared with the reduction of nitric

oxide emissions, volatile organic compound

emissions are more difficult to abate,” Tang

said.

China has published several standards for

volatile organic compound emissions,

including standards for pollutants discharged

during oil storage, certification standards for

oil-based coatings, and mandatory standards

for toxic substances contained in interior

decoration materials.

But Tang warned that a wide range of

sources can emit volatile organic compounds,

with various industries emitting different

compositions of these pollutants. Even in one

production process, if different raw materials

and production techniques are used, different

types and concentrations of volatile organic

compounds will be discharged.

For example, chemical products can emit

volatile organic compounds during their

production, storage and use. “Currently,

many local governmental departments have

not yet realized how hazardous volatile

organic compounds are. In believing that

chemical plants are less polluting than power

and steel plants, they have given the green

light to many chemical engineering projects

without realizing the consequences,” Tang

said.

Recently, the Chinese Government

announced a plan to invest 1.7 trillion yuan

($277 billion) to combat air pollution in the

next five years. The investment will mainly go

toward helping highly polluted areas and

areas with particularly high levels of PM2.5,

said Wang Jinnan, Vice President of the

Chinese Academy for Environmental

Planning.

“Volatile organic compounds, ozone and

PM2.5 are interrelated,” said He Kebin, a

professor at the Tsinghua University’s School

of Environment, adding that when ozone

concentration is high, more nitric oxide and

sulfur dioxide will be turned into PM2.5

pollutants.

If all pollutants are not effectively reduced

together, reduction in one type of emission

can be offset by an increase in another, He

said.

Trying a New Way

By Wang Hairong

Huilongguan, a large residential area on

Beijing’s northern outskirts, is home to

approximately 400,000 people, many of

whom travel more than 12 km every day to

work in the city’s downtown area.

Morning commuters squeeze into buses

already at capacity. Subway cars are so

crowded that riders can barely turn around.

Domestic Affairs


And private car owners have to contend with

traffic congestion on the Badaling Highway.

Wang Yong, founder of the Shunfengche

Charity Foundation (Shunfeng means “free

ride” in Chinese), decided to change the

situation by introducing carpooling to the

community.

The foundation piloted carpooling in the

Huilongguan area from June 17 to July 16.

Now the program has been extended until

September 20. Private car owners who

provide rides to more than two passengers

during the 7-9 a.m. rush hour period get their

5-yuan ($0.82) highway toll paid by the

foundation.

Volunteers have been recruited to

promote the program to car owners.

T h e y w e r e a l s o s t a t i o n e d a t

H u i l o n g g u a n a n d n e a r b y X i s a n q i

entrances to the Badaling Highway to

issue toll vouchers for those carrying at

l e a s t t w o p a s s e n g e r s . T e n h u g e

billboards have been erected along the

highway to advertise the campaign.

Good Intentions

“We launched the program to conserve

energy, alleviate traffic pressure and enhance

trust between people,” said Wang Chenfei, a

program officer.

Before the program started, staff of the

Shunfengche Foundation spent one week

studying car ridership in the

Huilongguan area during the

morning rush hours. Their data

show that from 7-9 a.m. every

day, 85 percent of the cars driving

out of the area had only the driver

on board, about 13-14 percent of

cars carried two persons, and

only about 1-2 percent of the cars

carried three or more persons.

Beijing is home to more than 5

million private cars, and every

day 1 million of them are kept off

the road by the city’s policy to

restrict car use based on the last

digit of cars’ plate numbers. The

foundation estimated that

carpooling can take an additional

400,000 cars off the road, thus reducing road

traffic by 10-25 percent.

Given that a car consumes an average of

8.06 liters of gasoline per 100 km, and

assuming that every car travels 20 km daily,

the foundation calculated that carpooling can

reduce gasoline consumption in Beijing by

464 tons on a daily basis. In the meantime, a

significant amount of air pollution will be cut

accordingly.

In addition to environmental concerns,

Wang Yong believes that giving people rides

can foster goodwill between people. He said

that he was inspired to initiate the carpooling

program by a man he knew since childhood

who happily gave fellow villagers a lift into

town. The man was highly respected for

A passenger says goodbye to Wang Yong (left), a vocal carpooling advocate after taking a free ride with him in Beijing (CFP).

Domestic Affairs


doing so.

Wang Yong himself has been offering

rides to others since 1998. In the beginning, his

offers were often turned down. “People

usually responded with in-difference,

suspicion and even hostility,” he

said.

After the media reported his

story, Wang Yong was gradually

accepted by others as a kind-hearted

man offering free rides in his

Mercedes-Benz. Over the past 15

years, he has given rides to more

than 10,000 people, Wang Yong

said.

B e f o r e s e t t i n g u p t h e

Shunfengche Foundation in January

to promote carpooling, Wang Yong

already launched a well-known

carpooling initiative in 2011 during

the Chinese New Year peak travel season,

together with celebrities such as Deng Fei,

initiator of a popular “free lunch” campaign

to improve childhood nutrition.

That year, the carpooling initiative

attracted 18,000 people who either needed a

ride (usually long-distance) back to their

hometowns for family reunions during the

traditional festival or who would like to give

rides to others. Eventually, 500 drivers gave

long-distance rides to more than 1,000

passengers.

During the 2013 Chinese New Year

holiday, Wang’s carpooling initiative again

drew 402,429 applicants, and 9,678 of them

eventually drove others or were given a ride.

But Wang Yong does not want to stop

there. At the end of May, he convinced the

Beijing Municipal Government to greenlight

the pilot implementation of a regular

carpooling program in the Huilongguan area.

Before the official launch of the program

on June 17, 13,000 leaflets were inserted into

newspapers and distributed in the

Huilongguan area.

On the first day, the program was not

received by the residents as warmly as

expected. Liu Kunming, a program officer,

recalled that when volunteers were handing

out leaflets, many drivers shunned them,

mistaking the pamphlets for commercial

flyers.

On that day, volunteers prepared 300

highway toll vouchers, yet only 14 were

claimed and used by eligible carpoolers.

The situation improved remarkably on the

third day, when some private car owners

stopped to inquire about how to participate in

the program, Liu said.

Hu Dan is one of the passengers that got a

ride through the program. She has made an

arrangement with some drivers to ride in their

cars to work for four days a week.

“Carpooling can save me the trouble of

squeezing onto crowded buses. It is time-

saving and comfortable,” Han said.

Heavy traffic clogs Beijing's East Third Ring Road.

Domestic Affairs


Data from the Shunfengche Foundation

show that in the first month that the program

was implemented, it paid highway tolls for

1,645 cars carrying a total of 4,935 persons.

That translates into about 75 cars and 224

persons per weekday. The numbers are quite

modest in light of the large number of

residents in the area.

Obstacles

Currently, the biggest difficulty in

promoting carpooling is lack of policy

support and public participation, said Wang

Yong, adding that many people worry about

their personal safety when riding with

strangers.

In addition to lack of social trust, accident

liability also holds drivers back from sharing

their vehicles. According to China’s Tort Law

and the Supreme People’s Court ’s

interpretation of laws related to damage

compensation for traffic accidents, a

passenger is usually not liable for damage

caused by driver’s error.

Nonetheless, Dong Laichao, founder of

Beijingjtlawyer.com, an Internet portal on

traffic laws, said that if a passenger was hurt

in a traffic accident and the driver is found to

be at fault, the driver has to compensate the

passenger even if the ride was free.

The Shunfengche Foundation has

prepared a carpooling agreement for drivers

and passengers, which has clearly specified

liability in case of traffic accidents according

to relevant laws and regulations. The

agreement states that if the driver has no fault

in traffic accident, he or she is not liable for the

passengers’ loss, whereas if the driver has

fault, he or she is liable for the damage he or

she has incurred to the passengers.

Besides liability concerns, drivers

participating in carpooling are concerned that

they might be punished for operating an

unlicensed taxi if they share costs with

passengers.

In China, vehicles are classified into

operating vehicles and non-operating

vehicles. Non-operating vehicles are

prohibited from engaging in for-profit

activities.

“Unlicensed taxis cannot operate under

the name of carpooling,” said a Beijing traffic

law enforcement officer who only disclosed

his surname as Xiao.

Xiao said that previously, if a driver

discussed payment for a ride with any

passenger, the driver will be deemed as

operating an unlicensed taxi service.

However, he said that now law enforcement

officers have become more flexible, and if the

driver only charges passengers the cost of a

ride, he will not be punished.

Dong suggested that the government

should regulate carpooling and build a

platform to overcome the information

a s y m m e t r y b e t w e e n d r i v e r s a n d

passengers.

The Beijing Municipal Government plans

to release a guideline on carpooling at the end

of this year, reported Beijing Times on August

5. The regulation is expected to encourage

carpooling and a reasonable split of

carpooling costs.

“Carpooling regulations should be

detailed. For instance, it should specify how

drivers and passengers should split

gasoline costs,” said Qiu Baochang, head of

the legal team of the China Consumers’

Association.

Domestic Affairs

Change is coming to the world of e-

commerce in China, and it is being driven by

foreign trade. The Ministry of Commerce

(MOFCOM) is taking the lead, along with the

General Administration of Customs (GAC),

the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of

Industry and Information Technology, in

formulating a policy supporting the

development of foreign trade through e-

commerce.

E-commerce has become a major channel

for domestic consumption, with

a rising proportion in the total

sales of consumer goods. But e-

commerce has developed slowly

in the realm of foreign trade.

According to the GAC,

China’s foreign trade grew by 7.8

percent year on year in July.

Although monthly growth

picked up, it remained at just one

third of the growth seen at the

start of the year. In January,

foreign trade was up by 26.7

percent.

The MOFCOM said in a

statement that as an emerging

sales channel and trade form, e-

commerce breaks through the restrictions of

traditional foreign trade sales and is

conducive to shortening trade chains,

building up independent marketing channels

and nurturing new growth points of foreign

trade.

In addition to e-commerce, the Chinese

Government is also promoting the

development of foreign trade in all possible

ways, including exempting quarantine fees

and s impli fying customs clearance

procedures.

O n A u g u s t 1 5 , t h e G e n e r a l

Administration of Quality Supervision,

Inspection and Quarantine and the GAC

declared export quarantine exemptions for

1,507 items. According to the GAC estimation,

these commodities account for 70.43 percent

of the total commodities subject to quarantine,

and $44.64 million worth of products will be

exempted.

China’s foreign trade has been declining

this year—the trade volume even saw a 2-

Promoting Trade

by Lan Xinzhen

Containers pile up in the Lianyungang Port in east China's Jiangsu

Province (WANG CHUN).


Domestic Affairs

percent decrease in June, adding to fears that

the target of 8-percent growth in foreign trade

won’t be realized. The sluggish trade

situation also has an adverse economic

impact. The export-oriented economic path

China has adopted since the reform and

opening up some 30 years ago seems to be

coming to an end, and ensuring other stable

means of growth is a thorny issue for top

Chinese decision-makers.

C h i n a ’ s s l o w i n g e c o n o m i c

growth—although in line with government

plans to restructure the economy—is

unquestionable. In the second quarter, the

Chinese economy grew by 7.5 percent over a

year ago, which was 0.2 percentage points lower

than the rate in the first quarter, hitting the

minimum target for growth set by the Central

Government at the beginning of this year.

Wang Yiming, Executive Vice President of

the Academy of Macroeconomic Research

under the National Development and Reform

Commission, said the Chinese economy is

moving away from the era of double-digit

growth.

Foreign trade, which used to be a major

driving force for the Chinese economy, is now

surprisingly holding back economic growth.

Wang said that when investment has already

contributed heavily to economic growth,

merely stimulating domestic consumption

will not be enough. The government should

reinvigorate foreign trade as a primary means

of ensuring stable growth, because foreign

trade has a bigger space for recovery than

consumption and investment do.

Not Easy

Boosting foreign trade is a challenge.

Zheng Yuesheng, spokesman for the GAC,

said the biggest challenge facing China is

weak external demand dampening its

exports. In the Global Economic Prospects

report released in June, the World Bank

lowered its expectations on global economic

growth in 2013 from 2.4 percent to 2.2 percent.

Economic growth in developed countries is

expected to fall from 1.3 percent to 1.2 percent,

while that of developing countries is expected

to drop to 5.1 percent from 5.5 percent.

“Sluggish external demand has directly

caused the decline of orders from Chinese

exporters, restraining growth,” said Zheng.

According to the GAC, among the 2,000

exporting enterprises that have been

surveyed monthly since the start of the year,

each month more than 45 percent reported

their export orders have dropped this year.

The survey in June showed that 49.2 percent

of the enterprises saw shrinking orders.

Growing export costs due to foreign

exchange rates and labor costs have also

worsened the situation. According to the

People’s Bank of China, the country’s central

bank, by August 8, the yuan’s rate against the

U.S. dollar has appreciated by 2 percent from

the end of last year. In the meantime, labor

costs in China are rising. In the first half of this

year many provinces, autonomous regions

and municipalities raised their minimum

wages. Among the nearly 2,000 enterprises

subject to the GAC’s monthly survey, 70

percent of them said cost pressure was

growing and their products were less

competitive.

Trade frictions have intensified,

deteriorating China’s trade environment. The

MOFCOM figures showed that in the first


Domestic Affairs

quarter 12 countries launched 22 trade

investigations against China. “Both countries

and products involved in trade frictions are

becoming more diverse, seriously affecting

China’s exports of competitive products,”

said Zheng.

A slowdown in domestic industrial

production has also curbed demand for raw

material imports. According to the National

Bureau of Statistics, in June, added value

completed by industrial enterprises whose

annual sales revenue is over 20 million yuan

($3.27 million) grew by 8.9 percent over a year

ago, which was 1 percentage point lower than

the rate at the beginning of this year.

Industries with surplus capacity, such as steel,

cement, shipbuilding and solar panels, keep

seeing their profits decrease.

“In the second half of the year China’s

foreign trade will still be volatile and full

of difficulties and challenges,” Zheng

said. “Therefore China should continue to

transform its growth pattern with the aim

of ensuring that Chinese products don’t

l o s e t h e i r s h a r e i n t h e g l o b a l

marketplace.”

Recovery Expected

Nie Linhai, Deputy Director of the

MOFCOM’s Department of Electronic

Commerce and Informatization, said the

formulation of policies involving e-commerce

platforms for foreign trade should focus on

better facilitating exporting enterprises to

tackle customs.

On July 24 the State Council’s executive

meeting proposed six measures on promoting

foreign trade development. Small and

medium-sized private enterprises are mainly

supported, because their orders are small,

traditional ways of providing services to them

are of low efficiency and e-commerce

platforms will get more opportunities.

At present there are nearly 1,000 foreign

trade e-commerce websites in China, but only

fewer than 10—such as Dhgate and Alibaba’s

Aliexpress—are big-sized ones. According to

DHgate figures, in 2012 China’s foreign trade

e-commerce websites realized sales revenue

of nearly $10 billion. Compared with the $3.8

trillion in total foreign trade volume, this is

tiny.

But this is the right opportunity for foreign

trade e-commerce enterprises. In the first half

of the year, China’s cross-border e-commerce

enterprises were not affected despite the

depressed foreign trade market. Instead, their

development was even more vigorous.

Nie said the recent foreign trade policies

and future policies supporting development

of foreign trade e-commerce enterprises are

aimed at reducing customs clearance costs

and speeding up clearance procedures. These

will directly provide a boost to China’s

exports.

Song Hong, Director of International

Trade Division of the Institute of World

Economics and Politics under the Chinese

Academy of Social Sciences, said change to

foreign trade will reduce costs for exporting

enterprises and drive up exports. China’s

foreign trade is expected to recover in the

upcoming months.

Song thinks in the second half of the year

there will be some positive news for China’s

exports because the external environment is

improving. The U.S. economy is currently

showing signs of getting back on track.

However, imports may not improve

significantly because of weak domestic

demand.


Domestic Affairs

Lhasa, Aug. 28 (Xinhua) — The 11th

Panchen Lama on Wednesday visited the

Jokhang Temple and led a prayer service in

the monastery considered the most revered in

Lhasa, capital of southwest China’s Tibet

Autonomous Region.

The 11th Panchen Lama, Bainqen Erdini

Qoigyijabu, a spiritual leader of Tibetan

Buddhism, arrived at the Jokhang Temple

around 6 a.m., greeted by lamas lined up at

the temple gates and holding Tibetan incense.

The 23-year-old visited the temple’s major

halls, paid homage and presented his own

hada, a long and scarf-like white silk used by

the Tibetans for blessings, to statues of

Buddhas, especially Jokhang’s house treasure

— a statue of Buddha Sakyamuni brought to

the temple by Princess Wencheng of the Tang

Dynasty in the seventh century.

It was before this statue in November 1995

that the current Panchen Lama, whose secular

name is Gyaencaen Norbu, was chosen as the

reincarnation of the 10th Panchen Erdeni

through the traditional method of drawing

lots from a golden urn.

VI. TIBET TODAY

Panchen Lama Visits Jokhang Temple

Endangered Wild Yaks Protected in Tibet

Lhasa, Aug. 23 (Xinhua) — More than 200

critically endangered wild golden yaks, a

species once believed to be extinct, roam wild

in a reserve in southwest China’s Tibet

Autonomous Region, said local forestry

officials on Thursday.

Tibet Today

Tibet to Launch Huge Afforestation Project

Tibet’s forestry department, at a meeting.

The project will start from 2014 and is

expected to be completed by 2030. It will help

conserve soil and water resources, as well as

prevent sandstorms in these areas, Lei said.

The efforts will be funded mainly by the

central government, while local forestry

authorities will make use of existing funds

to support the project, the second-largest in

Tibet after the Qinghai-Tibet Railway,

which went operational in 2006.

Lhasa, Aug. 29 (Xinhua) — China’s Tibet

Autonomous Region is planning to invest

30 billion yuan (about 4.8 billion U.S.

dollars) in an afforestation project to cover

six major rivers in the region, a forestry

official announced on Thursday.

The project will focus on lands suitable for

afforestation along major rivers in Tibet,

including the Yarlung Zangbo, Ngulchu,

Lhasa, Nyangchu, Nyakchu and Sengye

Khabap rivers, said Lei Guilong, head of


The yaks are in Changtang Nature

Reserve, a 200,000-square km area in Tibet’s

Ngari Prefecture where more than 400 animal

species live, including the endangered

Tibetan antelope and the kiang, or wild

Tibetan ass.

The wild golden yak, known for its

lustrous fur, is the rarest yak and unique to

Changtang.

“It’s very difficult to locate the wild

golden yak because the animal has an acute

sense of smell and runs away whenever it

scents humans,” said Kamgya Tsering, head

of the forestry department of Rutog County in

Ngari Prefecture.

He said the yaks are docile and move

around serenely. Local Tibetans see them as

“holy yaks”.

The wild yak population has grown from

170 in 2011 to more than 200, thanks to

effective protection and the fight by local

forestry and public security bureaus against

illegal poaching .

Village Head Duoduo's Happy Life

Text & Photo by Hou Miaomiao

It was July 3, 2012. The sky had cleared after rain and the ancient Namseling manor

looked magnificent against a backdrop of blue sky and white clouds. The little courtyard of

Tibet Today

Lhasa, Aug. 23 (Xinhua) — Southwest

China’s Tibet Autonomous Region has

started operating its first renewable

resources recycling market in the regional

capital of Lhasa to reduce garbage on the

roof of the world, authorities said Friday.

“The market has filled the gap in Tibet in

recycling renewable resources to change the

current situation,” said Zhai Xincheng,

secretary general of Tibet Resource

Recycling Association.

Currently, Tibet generates 350,000

tonnes of renewable waste and recycles only

200,000 tonnes annually, while most waste

generated in Tibet is transported to other

regions and recycled there, statistics from

the association suggest.

“Inadequate and disordered recycling in

Tibet has seriously affected the urban

environment,” said Zhai.

With a total investment of 50 million

yuan (8.16 million U.S. dollars), the market

is designed to recycle 200,000 tonnes of

resources annually, including metal, plastic

and paper, according to Li Zhiqing,

manager general of a local recycling

company undertaking the construction.

Some 12 km away from downtown

Lhasa in Doilungdeqen county, the market

covers an area of 15.5 hectares.

Li said the recycling will be done in an

enclosed warehouse to avoid secondary

pollution.

Tibet Launches First Resource Recycling Market


Duoduo, the village head, is right behind the manor. For centuries, generations of feudal lords living in the manor had owned the land. It was only after the founding of New China and the completion of the democratic reform of Tibet did Namseling became an administrative village. It is divided into three geographical groups and a group leader administers each. The village committee is located in Group 2, with Namseling manor. Duoduo is the current village head of Namseling village.

Duoduo was born in 1962; he is a party member with primary school education. There are six people of three generations in his family, Duoduo, his wife, their 30-year-old son Phuntsok Dorje, 26-year-old daughter Khamtrul, 23-year-old daughter Degyi Tsomo, and Phuntsok’s son who is five. Phuntsok Dorje is also a party member. Duoduo’s wife does housework as well as farming work. Their son Phuntsok did not continue his education after junior high. Now he goes out of town to work three months of each year. He mainly works in the several counties in Lhoka Prefecture, hauling bricks on a daily wage of 60 Yuan. His elder daughter Khamtrul w o r k s f o r t h e g o v e r n m e n t a t another township in the same county. His younger daughter is a collegian in Lhasa. When we asked about the little grandson’s mother, Duoduo told u s t h a t s h e a n d Phuntsok were not married yet, and she

lived with her parents in another village in Chaqi Township. Sometimes she stays here for a while, but the child spent most of his time living here with his father.

Compared to the homes of other villagers, Duoduo’s house is pretty and neat. Its total floor area is 192 square meters; the total area of the homestead is 240 square meters. Like most Tibetan-style residential houses, it has two levels: cattle are penned in the ground floor, and resident live on the first floor. The house was built in 2003 at a total cost of 25,000 Yuan. When the state implemented the housing project for low-income families, they renovated the house. Among the seven rooms, there are a living room, a kitchen, a storage room and four bedrooms: one for Duoduo and his wife, one for Phuntsok and his son, and one each for the two daughters. There are two color TV sets and a DVD player in the living room. Duoduo said that they could receive programs from 55 channels. Phuntsok has a PC, so he can surf the Internet

and learn about the outside world. He also has a motorbike, which is a gift from h i s f a m i l y . F o r Duoduo’s wife, the washing machine has been a big help.There are also a f ixed telephone and four cell phones (which belong to Duoduo, Phuntsok, Khamtrul and Degyi). With these gadgets, their lifestyle is amongst the most modern in the village.

Since 2005, they have had indoor plumbing and have

The Harvest Festival. Photo by Urgyen Tsering (in Nedong County, Lhoka Prefecture)


Tibet Today

been using tap water. But Duoduo said that now there is still a water shortage for two months of each year. In May and June, because the demand for irrigation water is too high the family lives in water-stressed conditions. The family’s main cooking energy comes from firewood and cow dung. Gas is used sometimes, but not too often.

Duoduo told us, in 2011, that the total income of his family was 16,000 Yuan, most of which came from his salary, Phuntsok’s wage, and the sale of their own produce. About 10 percent of the total was spent on food, 15 percent on clothing; 4,500 Yuan on daily necessities, 2,300 Yuan on transport and telecommunication, 2,000 Yuan on festivities and entertainment, 500 Yuan on gifts, 5,000 Yuan on medical bills, and 500 Yuan on religious activities. Duoduo said that they would invite monks to perform religious rituals or chant scriptures during big events; a monk’s fee for this is 50 Yuan for one day.

Not only does Duoduo’s family have a modern home life, their farming practice has also been mechanized. As early as 1972, they owned their first small tractor. Between 2009 and 2011, they bought modern equipment such as a thresher, a grain thrower and a big tractor, and realized tractor-plowing, electromechanical irrigation, mechanical sowing and harvesting. In 2011, the family managed 9340 square meters of land contracted to collectives, 33.3 square meters of greenhouse and 666 square meters of woodland. They cultivated staple crops and cash crops such as wheat, rape, cabbage, and potato. On top of being self-sufficient, they made about 2,000 Yuan by selling rape in markets. The family consumes three kilograms of meat every month on average, and the meat purchased from the market is stored in the fr idge. The monthly consumption of dairy products is around 2.5 kilograms, which all come from the four cows kept by the family.

Duoduo told us that they had all joined the new cooperative medical system at a flat fee of 20 per head per year; except for his small grandson, the other five had all joined rural social pension insurance at 100 per person per year. He suffers from high blood pressure, which is quite common on the plateau. It was diagnosed during the physical check-up at the county seat arranged by the village committee. Because of work, he did not have time to have it properly treated. Besides high blood pressure, his wife also has a kidney and heart conditions. She went to Lhasa to have her condition treated and was hospitalized for a week. It cost them 5000 Yuan (including the part covered by the new cooperative medical system), and her condition improved.

During the course of our interview,

Duoduo and his grandson, waving farewell to us from the entrance of their house.


Tibet Today

Duoduo’s son Phuntsok sat on the other end

of the sofa, and chipped in here and there,

while his grandson jumped up and down

cheerfully. I complimented Duoduo on what

a nice family he has. Duoduo told us that

actually he has another grandchild:

Phuntsok’s 4-month-old daughter who now

stays with her mother. I asked when the

parents of these two kids planned to get

married... Duoduo said next year.

When he got married to his

wife, they lived with his parents for

a long time. His parents-in-laws

are from Namseling village too, in

group three. Duoduo has four

siblings, two sisters and two

brothers; he is the second youngest

child. Because the other four were

all eventually married into small

families in need of manpower, they

all left the village. So Duoduo and

his wife took up the responsibility

of taking care of the aged. Their

parents passed away many years

ago, so Duoduo and his wife, both

only 50, are now the oldest

members of the family. Duoduo

hopes that Phuntsok can stay with

them after he gets married. His future

daughter-in-law has a brother and a sister,

and hopefully they will take care of the elders

there.

I asked Duoduo whether he was afraid of

getting old and whether he considered his

aging a big burden for his children. He said of

course he was concerned, but now they have

old-age insurance and will get a pension after

reaching the age of 60. Things certainly do not

look that grim. He is also worried that he will

get sick, but in cases of sickness, the new

cooperative medical system will cover most of

the expenses. “Of course I don’t wish to grow

old. The government has been very good to

us. I believe we will have many happy years

ahead of us.”

I asked him to give a brief introduction to

the village nursing home. He said that this

Chaqi township nursing home, founded in

1972, has 40 years of history. It serves elders

both from this village and some others. The

old building of the nursing home used to be

run down, but it has been renovated and now

looks brand new. The residents are mostly

elders without children, and some are former

servants of Namseling manor in the past.

When they are sick, the doctors will go to the

nursing home and treat them in a timely

fashion. If needed, the village will send a van

to take them to the hospital. Once in a while,

county and township doctors will come and

give them a physical check-up. If any resident

of the nursing home were to pass away, the

county civil affairs department would make

arrangements for the funeral and the village

would have monks and celestial burial

masters come while the civil affairs

The white pagoda is the site for villagers to pray and circumambulate


Tibet Today

department would pay for everything.

The nursing home offers free meals and

lodging and the state gives monthly

allowances to the residents. There are now

three staff members in the nursing home.

They cook meals for the residents. I asked if

they have medicinal knowledge and can give

some guidance on the diet of the residents

with chronic diseases. Duoduo said no, none

of them have adequate medical knowledge.

The villagers sometimes come and offer a

helping hand, e.g. bring food, clothing and

daily items for the elders. During festivals like

Tibetan New Year, the Civil Affairs

Department would send clothing, household

and food items to the residents.

As a village official, Duoduo often goes to

inspect the nursing home. Now there are 12

senior citizens in the nursing home. They do

have relatives, but the nursing home can offer

better living conditions. Life there is pretty

nice and easy; they do not have to work and

they are very satisfied with living there.

Duoduo points out that now the number

of elderly persons in the village is not too big,

those with children all stay at home. I

wondered whether there were some village

activities organized for the elderly. Duoduo

said no, usually the elderly just stay in their

homes. If possible, they would do some

simple farming tasks. The elderly in the same

neighborhood will go together to walk

around the white pagoda in the village.

I understand that, for elderly Tibetans,

walking around the white pagoda can bring

good luck and blessings from Buddha, and

prevent all sorts of diseases. They like to go

together in twos or threes to go around the

white pagoda clockwise for 3, 6, or 9 laps.

During our survey, we once saw an elderly

lady walking around the pagoda with her

middle-aged ailing son. Occasionally they sat

down at the mound nearby to take a break.

This is good for their health: the walking part

gives the whole body a certain amount of

exercise; on the other hand, for the elders,

walking together gives them an opportunity

to chat and talking can help slow the decline of

the brain.

In the end, Duoduo said that he hoped his

daughters could set up their own families (i.e.

The new couple do not live with the

husband’s parents or the wife’s parents), and

it would be perfect if the husband has many

siblings, so that other siblings could take care

of his parents.Apparently he does deem

provision for the aged a burden. He told us

that he wished that his children could take

care of him when he gets old, instead of

“moving into the nursing home to ease the

burden of his children” as we suggested,

“because they are willing to look after us, it is

their obligation. Since we have children, we

should not be living in the nursing home.

Only childless people go there.”

It looks like on the issue of providing for

the aged, people often act differently to how

they said they would. This will not be easily

solved by the infrastructure construction and

development of institutions for the aged.

Duoduo's grandson is a clever boy!


Tibet Today

Instructions for Chinese Visa Application

(Effective from September 1, 2013)

What is the main purpose of your visit to China and which is the most appropriate visa category for

your application?

Visa Description of VisaCategories

C Issued to foreign crew members of means of international transportation, including aircraft, trains and ships, or motor vehicle drivers engaged in cross-bordertransport activities, or to the accompanying family members of the crew members of the above-mentioned ships.

D Issued to those who intend to reside in China permanently.

F Issued to those who intend to go to China for exchanges, visits, study tours and other activities.

G Issued to those who intend to transit through China.

J1 Issued to resident foreign journalists of foreign news organizations stationed inChina. The intended duration of stay in China exceeds 180 days.

J2 Issued to foreign journalists who intend to go to China for short-term news coverage. The intended duration of stay in China is no more than 180 days.

L Issued to those who intend to go to China as a tourist.

M Issued to those who intend to go to China for commercial and trade activities.

Q1 Issued to those who are family members of Chinese citizens or of foreigners with Chinese permanent residence and intend to go to China for family reunion, or to those who intend to go to China for the purpose of foster care. The intended duration of stay in China exceeds 180 days. “Family members” refers to spouses, parents, sons, daughters, spouses of sons or daughters, brothers, sisters, grandparents, grandsons, granddaughters and parents-in-law.

Q2 Issued to those who intend to visit their relatives who are Chinese citizens residing in China or foreigners with permanent residence in China. The intended duration of stay in China is no more than 180 days.

R Issued to those who are high-level talents or whose skills are urgently needed in China.

S1 Issued to those who intend to go to China to visit the foreigners working or studying in China to whom they are spouses, parents, sons or daughters under the age of 18 or parents-in-law, or to those who intend to go to China for other private affairs. The intended duration of stay in China exceeds 180 days.



Visa Description of VisaCategories

S2 Issued to those who intend to visit their family members who are foreigners working or studying in China, or to those who intend to go to China for other private matters. The intended duration of stay in China is no more than 180 days.”family members” refers to spouses, parents, sons, daughters, spouses of sons or daughters, brothers, sisters, grandparents, grandsons, granddaughters and parents-in-law.

X1 Issued to those who intend to study in China for a period of more than 180 days.

X2 Issued to those who intend to study in China for a period of no more than 180 days.

Z Issued to those who intend to work in China.

Here are the documents you shall prepare before submission of visa application:

1. Basic Documents and Reminders

(1) Passport

Original passport with at least six months of remaining validity, at least 2 blank visa pages, a

photocopy of the passport’s data page and the photo page if it is separate. For multiple-visa

application, the remaining validity of the passport must cover the validity of visa and the duration of

stay. For example, if applying for a visa with 6 months validity, multiple entries, and 30 days of each

stay, the remaining validity of the passport should be at least 7 months.

(2) Visa Application Form and Photo

One completed Visa Application Form (2013) with a recently-taken color passport photo (bare-head,

full face) against a light background attached

(3) Proof of legal stay or residence status (applicable to those who are not of Indian citizenship).

The applicant from a third country should provide valid Indian visa or valid Residence Permit in

India and its copy, and fill up the Additional Application Form. In case the applicant from a third

country staying in India with a short-term visa, a note verbale (with details as follows: applicant’s

name, passport number, occupation, purpose to go to China, duration of stay in China) by the

Embassy or Consulate-General of his / her own country is required.

(4) Photocopy of previous Chinese passports or previous Chinese visas (applicable to those who were

Chinese citizens and have obtained foreign citizenship).

If you are applying for a Chinese visa for the first time, you should provide your previous Chinese

passport and a photocopy of its data page.

If you have obtained Chinese visas before and want to apply for a Chinese visa with a renewed

foreign passport that does not contain any Chinese visa, you should present the photocopy of the

previous passport’s data page and the photo page if it is separate, as well as the previous Chinese visa

page. (If your name on the current passport differs from that on the previous one, you must provide

an official document of name change.)



(5) The Visa Application Form shall be signed by the applicant. In case the applicant is a person without

or with limited capacity for civil conduct, the application form should be signed by his / her guardian

on his / her behalf. If the form is filled out by entrusted travel / visa agent, both the applicant’s

signature and the stamp of the agent are required.

(6) Child of Chinese descent born either in China or in India applies for a Chinese visa for the first time,

the Birth Certificate with his / her parents’ names on, the original certificate for renunciation of

Chinese nationality and its copy, and the statement written by his / her parents or guardian are

required.

(7) Child of Chinese descent born in a third country should make his / her Chinese visa application in his

/ her resident country if the Birth Certificate and the certificate for renunciation of Chinese nationality

cannot be submitted.

(8) The applicant must be in India while making the application for a Chinese Visa. Otherwise, the

applicant should take full consequences.

(9) Different types of visas will be issued according to applicants’ identities, purposes and activities. The

applicant should not engage in activities not conform to the type of visa he / she is holding in China.

Application should be made in line with the purpose of activity in China. Otherwise, the applicant

should take full consequences.

(10) Fraud documents or false information provided by the applicant will result in rejection of individual

application and disqualification of travel / visa agency to apply for Chinese visa.

(11) Ordinary passport holders are required to submit applications to the Chinese Visa Application

Service Centre (CVASC) where CVASC is available.

(12) The Chinese Embassy and Consulates-General do not accept applications by post.

(13) The normal processing of Chinese visa takes about one to two weeks. The applicant should plan

ahead. Any applicant who attempts to interfere with the office of Chinese Embassy or Consulates by

using “my air ticket has been confirmed” as a pretext may likely result in the rejection of his / her visa

application.

(14) In case of urgent service is provided at the approval of the Chinese Embassy or the Consulates-

General, the applicant should pay extra fee accordingly.

(15) Applicants residing within consular district of Chinese Consulate-General in Kolkata and Mumbai

are required to submit their applications to the respective Chinese Consulate-General in Kolkata and

Mumbai. The consular district of the Chinese Consulate-General in Kolkata covers Bihar, Jharkhand,

Orissa, Chhattisgarh and West Bengal. The consular district of the Chinese Consulate-General in

Mumbai covers Maharashtra and Karnataka.

2. Supporting Documents

C Visa

(1) A letter of guarantee issued by a foreign transport company or an invitation letter issued by a relevant

entity in China.

(2) Other documents required by the Chinese Embassy or Consulate-General.



Note:

Non-regular scheduled flight, chartered flight, private plane must get the Aviation Permit before

departure.

D Visa

(1) The original and photocopy of the Confirmation Form for Foreigners Permanent Residence Status

issued by the Ministry of Public Security of China.

(2) Personal written statement (covering letter with details as follows: place of destination in China,

name, address and contact number of the inviting / contact company / person).


We kindly remind you that:

Holders of D Visa shall, within 30 days from the date of their entry, apply to the exit/entry administrations

of public security organs under local people’s governments at or above the county level in the proposed

places of residence for foreigners’ residence permits.

F Visa

(1) An invitation letter issued by a relevant entity or individual in China. The invitation should contain:

a. Information on the applicant (full name, gender, date of birth, etc.)

b. Information on the planned visit (purpose of visit, arrival and departure dates, place(s) to be

visited, relations between the applicant and the inviting entity or individual, financial source for

expenditures)

c. Information on the inviting entity or individual (name, contact telephone number, address,

official stamp, signature of the legal representative or the inviting individual)

(2) Personal or Company’s written statement (covering letter with details as follows: place to visit, name,

address and contact number of the inviting / contact company or person).

(3) For a multiple entry visa application, copies of previous Chinese visas (on one A4 paper) are required.


G Visa

(1) An onward air (train or ship) ticket with confirmed date and seat to the destination country or region.

(2) Personal or company’s written statement (covering letter with details as follows: place to visit, name,



J1 Visa

(1) Visa Notification Letter issued by the Information Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of

China and an official letter issued by the media organization for which the journalist works.

(2) Applicants are required to contact the Press Section of the Chinese Embassy/Consulate General in

advance and complete relevant formalities.




Holders of J1 Visa shall, within 30 days from the date of their entry, apply to the exit/entry administrations



J2 Visa

(1) Visa Notification Letter issued by the Information Department of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of

China or other authorized units in China and an official letter issued by the media organization for

which the journalist works.

(2) Applicants should contact the press section of the Chinese Embassy/Consulate General in advance

and complete the relevant formalities.

L Visa

(1) Documents showing the itinerary including air ticket booking record (round trip) and proof of a hotel

reservation, etc. or an invitation letter issued by a relevant entity or individual in China. The

invitation letter should contain:


b. Information on the planned visit (arrival and departure dates, place(s) to be visited, etc.)


official stamp, signature of the legal representative or the inviting individual)

(2) Personal written statement (covering letter with details as follows: place to visit, name, address and

contact number of the inviting / contact company / person); Certification letter from the working unit

of the applicant (with details as follows: name and contact number of the working unit, the applicant’s

income statement), or Original copy of recent 6-month bank statement of the applicant.

(3) If applicant repeatedly applies for tourist visa to China, the following information shall be covered in

the personal statement: reasons for revisit, the places the applicant plans to visit this time and places

he/ she visited before.


(5) If the applicants travel in China on a group basis, the invitation letter issued by the travel agency is

required.

M Visa

(1) Documents on the commercial activity issued by a trade partner in China, or trade fair invitation

relevant entity or individual. The invitation letter should contain:


b. Information on the planned visit (purpose of visit, arrival and departure dates, place(s) to be

visited, relations between the applicant and the inviting entity or individual, financial source for

expenditures)


official stamp, signature of the legal representative or the inviting individual).



(2) For application of a multiple entry visa: copy of all previous Chinese visas (on one A-4 sized paper)

should be attached.

(3) Personal or company’s written statement (covering letter with details as follows: place to visit, name,



Q1 Visa

For family reunion, the following documents are required:

(1) An invitation letter issued by a Chinese citizen or a foreign with a Chinese permanent residence

permit who lives in China. The invitation letter should contain:


b. Information on the visit ( purpose of visit, intended arrival date, place(s) of intended residence,

intended duration of residence, relations between the applicant and the inviting individual,

financial source for expenditures)

c. Information on the inviting individual (name, contact telephone number, address, official stamp,

signature of legal representative or the inviting individual, etc.)

(2) Photocopy of Chinese ID of the inviting individual or foreign passport and permanent residence

permit.

(3) Original and photocopy of certification (marriage certificate, birth certificate, certification of kinship

issued by Public Security Bureau or notarized certification of kinship) showing the relationship of

family members between applicant and inviting individual.

“Family members” refers to spouses, parents, sons, daughters, spouses of sons or daughters, brothers,

sisters, grandparents, grandsons, granddaughters and parents-in-law.


For foster care, the following documents are required:

(1) Foster entrustment notarization issued by Chinese Embassies/Consulates General in foreign

countries or Foster Care Power of Attorney notarized and authenticated in the country of residence or

in China.

(2) Original and photocopy of the consignor’s passport(s), as well as the original and photocopy of

certification (marriage certificate, birth certificate, certification of kinship issued by Public Security

Bureau or notarized certification of kinship) showing the relationship between parents and children.

(3) A letter of consent on foster care issued by the trustee living in China who has agreed to provide foster

care services and a photocopy of the ID of the trustee.

(4) A photocopy of the certificate indicating the permanent residence status abroad of the parent(s) when

the child was born, provided that either or both parents of the child are Chinese citizens.





Holders of Q1 Visa shall, within 30 days from the date of their entry, apply to the exit/entry administrations



Q2 Visa

(1) An invitation letter issued by a Chinese citizen or a foreign citizen with a Chinese permanent

residence permit who lives in China. The invitation letter should contain:


b. Information on the visit (purpose of visit, arrival and departure dates, place(s) to be visited,

relations between the applicant and the inviting individual, financial source for expenditures)

c. Information on the inviting individual (name, contact number, address, signature etc.)

(2) Photocopy of Chinese ID or foreign passport and permanent residence permit of the inviting

individual.


R Visa

(1) The applicant should submit relevant certification in accordance with relevent regulations, and meet

the relevant requirements of the competent authorities of the Chinese government on high-level

talents and individual personnel with special skills urgently needed by China.


S1 Visa

(1) An invitation letter from the inviting individual (a foreigner who stays or resides in China for work or

studies) which contains:


b. Information on the visit (purpose of visit, arrival and departure dates, place of intended

residence, relations between the applicant and the inviting individual, financial source for

expenditures, etc.)

c. Information on the inviting individual (name, contact telephone number, address, signature, etc.)

(2) A photocopy of the inviting individual’s passport and residence permit.

(3) Original and photocopy of certification (marriage certificate, birth certificate, certification of kinship

issued by Public Security Bureau or notarized certification of kinship) showing the relationship of

immediate family members between applicants and inviting individual.

“Immediate family members” refers to spouses, parents, sons or daughters under the age of 18, parents-in-

law.

(4) For private affairs, documentation identifying the nature of the private affairs such as marriage,

inheritance, adoption, etc. should be provided as required by the consular officer.


contact number of the inviting person).





Holders of S1 Visa shall, within 30 days from the date of their entry, apply to the exit/entry administrations



S2-Visa

For visiting family members for a short period, the following documents are required:

(1) An invitation letter issued by the inviting individual (a foreigner who stays or resides in China for

work or studies) which contains:


b. Information on the visit (purpose of visit, arrival and departure dates, place(s) to be visited,

relations between the applicant and the inviting individual, financial source for expenditures,

etc.)

c. Information on the inviting individual (name, contact telephone number, address, signature, etc.)

(2) A photocopy of the inviting individual’s (a foreigner who stays or lives in China for work or studies)

passport and residence permit

(3) Photocopy of certification (marriage certificate, birth certificate or notarized certification of kinship)

showing the relationship of family members between the applicant and the inviting individual.

“Family members” refers to spouses, parents, sons, daughters, spouses of sons or daughters, brothers,

sisters, grandparents, grandsons, granddaughters and parents-in-law.

(4) For private affairs, documentation identifying the nature of the private affairs such as marriage,

inheritance, adoption, should be provided as required by the consular officer.

X1-Visa

(1) Original and photocopy of the Admission Letter issued by a school or other entities in China.

(2) Original and photocopy of “Visa Application for Study in China” (Form JW201 or Form JW202).


contact number of the school or entity of admission).



Holders of X1 Visa shall, within 30 days from the date of their entry, apply to the exit/entry administrations



X2-Visa

(1) Original and photocopy of Admission Notice issued by a school or other entities in China.


contact number of the school or entity of admission).




Z-Visa

(1 ) One of the following documents:

a. Foreigners Employment Permit of the People’s Republic of China issued by Chinese government

authorities for Human Resources and Social Security, as well as Invitation Letter of Duly

Authorized Entity or Confirmation Letter of Invitation issued by relevant Chinese entities.

b. Permit for Foreign Experts Working in China issued by the State Bureau of Foreign Experts as

well as Invitation Letter of Duly Authorized Entity or Confirmation Letter of Invitation issued by

relevant Chinese entities.

c. Registration Certificate of Resident Representative Offices of enterprises of foreign

countries(regions) issued by Chinese authorities of industrial and commercial administration, as

well as Invitation Letter of Duly Authorized Entity or Confirmation Letter of Invitation issued by

relevant Chinese entities as well as Invitation Letter of Duly Authorized Entity or Confirmation

Letter of Invitation issued by relevant Chinese entities.

d. An approval document for commercial performances issued by the Chinese government

authorities for cultural affairs or Invitation Letter of Duly Authorized Entity or Confirmation

Letter of Invitation issued by relevant Foreign Affairs Office of provincial governments of

China.

e. Letter of Invitation to Foreigners for Offshore Petroleum Operations in China issued by China

National Offshore Oil Corporation;


contact number of the inviting / contact company or person).

(3) Other documents required by the Chinese Embassy and Consulate-General.


Holders of Z Visa shall, within 30 days from the date of their entry, apply to the exit/entry administrations



3. Special Reminder

(1) The invitation letter may be in the form of fax, photocopy or computer printout, but the consular

officer may require the applicant to submit the original of the invitation letter..

(2) If necessary, the consular officer may require the applicant to provide other documents or

supplementary materials, or require an interview with the applicant.

(3) The consular officer will decide on whether or not to issue the visa and on its validity, duration of stay

and number of entries in light of specific conditions of the applicant.



Flights Between India and China

Airlines Flight No. Route Dep. Arr. Frequency

Air China CA947 Beijing-Delhi 2050 0140+1 1,3,6 (Jul-Aug 2013)

1,3,5,6 (Sep 2013-Mar 2014)

CA948 Delhi-Beijing 0315 1225 2,4,7 (Jul-Aug 2013)

2,4,6,7 (Sep 2013-Mar 2014)

CA425 Shanghai-Chengdu- 1700 0005+1 2,4,6 Bangalore (Jul 2013-Mar2014)

CA426 Bangalore-Chengdu- 0120 1220 3,5,7 Shanghai (Jul 2013-Mar 2014)

CA429 Shanghai-Chengdu- 1700 0010+1 1,3,5,7 Mumbai (Jul-Oct 2013)

3,5,7 (Nov 2013-Mar 2014)

CA430 Mumbai-Chengdu- 0140 1240 1,2,4,6 Shanghai (Jul-Oct 2013)

1,4,6 (Nov 2013-Mar 2014)

China MU563 Shanghai (Pudong)- 2105 0125+1 Daily

Eastern Delhi Jul 2013-26 Oct 2013

Airlines 2120 0205+1

27 Oct 2013-27 Nov 2013

1350 1940

29 Nov 2013-29 Jan 2014

2120 0205+1

30 Jan 2014-29 Mar 2014

MU564 Delhi-Shanghai 0245 1100 Daily

(Pudong) Jul 2013-26 Oct 2013

0320 1105

27 Oct 2013-28 Nov 2013

2125 0530+1

29 Nov 2013-29 Jan 2014

0320 1105

31 Jan 2014-29 Mar 2014

Mu555 Kunming-Kolkata 2350 2340 Daily

27 Oct 2013-29 Mar 2014

2355 2345

Jul 2013-26 Oct 2013



Airlines Flight No. Route Dep. Arr. Frequency

Mu556 Kolkata-Kunming 0030 0505 Daily

Jul 2013-27 Oct 2013

0035 0510

28 Oct 2013-29 Mar 2014

China CZ359 Guangzhou-Delhi 1850 2200 1,2,4,6,7 Southern (Jul 7-26 Oct 2013)

Airlines CZ3027 Guangzhou-Delhi 0730 1020 1,3,5,6,7 (Jul 7-26 Oct 2013)

CZ360 Delhi-Guangzhou 2310 0650+1 1,2,4,6,7 (Jul 7-26 Oct 2013)

CZ3028 Delhi-Guangzhou 1145 1930 1,3,5,6,7 (Jul 7-26 Oct 2013)

Cathy Pacific CX697 Hong Kong-Delhi 2015 2335 Daily

CX698 Delhi-Hong Kong 0105 0905 Daily

Air India AI349 Shanghai-Delhi- 2200 0525+1 2,4,6,7Mumbai

AI348 Mumbai-Delhi- 0750 2020 2,4,6,7Shanghai

AI315 Hong Kong-Delhi 1805 2110 2,4,6

AI317 Hong Kong-Delhi 1805 2110 1,3,5,7

AI310 Delhi-Hong Kong 2315 0650+1 2,4,6,7

AI314 Delhi-Hong Kong 2315 0650+1 1,3,5

Note: Frequency: 1=Monday, 2=Tuesday,…,7=Sunday (+1): Flight arrives next day. Departure & Arrival Times: In local time of departure / arrival destination. The flight schedule is subject to change. Please refer to the airlines booking data for updates.

Address Contact No.

Ground Floor, E-9 Connaught House, Connaught Place, Tel: 011-43508888New Delhi 110001 Fax: 011-43508899

Unit No. 9/2, Queen’s Road, Bangalore 560001 Tel: 080-43587900Fax: 080-43587999

Ground Floor, C&B Square,127 Andheri-Kurla Road, Tel: 022-61175555 Andheri (east), Mumbai 400069 Fax: 022-61175566

Thapar House, 124, Janpath, New Delhi 110001 Tel: 011-43513166Fax: 011-43513155

228A, Land Mark Building, A.J.C. Bose Road, Kolkata 700020 Tel: 033-40448887/88Fax: 033-22875173

118, New Delhi House, 27, Barakhamba Road, Tel: 011-43596075/77/78 New Delhi 110001 Fax:011-23737453

G123, Tolstoy House, Tolstoy Marg, New Delhi Tel:011-23321286/3332Fax: 011-23721550

Air China

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CCTV NEWS is the English language news channel of China Central Television

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PDF Version of this Issue is available at http://in.china-embassy.org

Postal Regd. No. DL-SW-16/4034/12-14R.N.I. No. 47440/88

September 2013

A couple is taking pictures of wonderful sightseeing in Hainan Area in northwest China's Qinghai Province.

Chinese Embassy Website: http://in.china-embassy.orgWebsite of Foreign Ministry of China: www.mfa.gov.cn

www.fmprc.gov.cn

E-mail: [email protected]:[email protected]

Published, Printed and Edited by Mme. Xie Liyan on behalf of the Press Office of the Embassy of the People’s Republic of China, 50-D, Shantipath, Chanakyapuri, New Delhi-110021. Tel: 26881249, Fax: 26882024

Printed at A.K. Printers, S-217, Bank Street, Munirka, New Delhi-110067, Ph: 9818114996