Perception, Interpretation and

Evaluation

(Speech Act)

Alaa Ahmed

M80001724

Sadiq Midraj

College od education

EDU354(Communicative competence)

Introduction to intercultural communication

Date of presentation:19-4-2015

Out line:

Meaning of perception.

Speech act

Types of speech act

Speech act theory

perception

The way you think about or understand someone or something.

The ability to understand or notice something easily.

The way that you notice or understand something using one of your senses.

Effective communication depends on how well people perceive each others

intention and how they interpret the massages.

- For example, the perceptions what is provides for something is evaluated

culturally(beautiful, ugly, polite or impolite.

Speech Act

Any speech act is really the performance of several acts at once.

Acts of communication.

When the words become an actions.

3 Components Of Communication:

Message

Speech types

1) Constatives:

- Announcing

- Answering

- Identifying

2) Directives:

- Advising

- Asking

- Ordering

3) Commissives:

-Agreeing,

-Inviting

-Promising

4) Acknowledgments:

-Apologizing

-Greeting

-Thanking

-Accepting

Speech act theory(1962):

John Austin

When we speak, our words do not have meaning in and

of themselves. They are very much affected by the

situation, the speaker and the listener. Thus words alone

do not have a simple fixed meaning.

British philosopher of language

He develop the speech act theory.

He publish a book called:” How to do Things with

Words”

•

1790-1859

3 Components Of Speech Act:

IiiocutionPerlocution

Locution

What speaker means

to convey

Actual words of the

message

Hearer reaction’s to

speaker’s message

Illocutionary Acts:

Convey an information (john will leave the room)

Create a new state of affairs ( we the jury find the defendant to be guilty)

Make a request (will you pay for my tuition)

Make a commitment (I will take you to Disneyland for your birthday)

Express an emotion (I’m thrilled that you will be going to law

school)

examples

The illocutionary force is the speaker's intent. A true 'speech act'. e.g.

informing, ordering, warning, undertaking.

Perlocutionary acts: have an effect on the feelings, thoughts or actions of

either the speaker or the listener. e.g., inspiring.

Constatives vs. peformatives

2- Performatives :

To perform an action.

3 Types of performatives:

Declarations :make it happen(pronounce you husband and wife)

Directives :orders( leave the town immediately)

Commissives) :commitment( I swear to tell the truth)

1- Constatives:

Statement that are true or false.

E.g.: It is raining outside right now.

we follow two types of rules:

•Constitutive rules or Definition rules that create or define new forms of

behavior.

•Regulative or Behavior rules that govern types of behavior that already exist.

Resources:

* Austin, J. L. (1962) How to Do Things with Words, Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard

University Press. (Develops the distinction between performative and constative

utterances into the first systematic account of speech acts.)

(Moeschler, 1992)

http://www.unige.ch/lettres/linguistique/moeschler/publication_pdf/speech_acts_con

v.pdf