perception making sense of the world. perception za process of organizing and interpreting sensory...
Post on 21-Dec-2015
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Perception
a process of organizing and interpreting sensory information, enabling us to recognize meaningful objects and events
Often produces errors in perceiving the world
Perceptual Organization
Visual Capture tendency for vision to dominate
the other sensesGestalt- an organized whole
tendency to integrate pieces of information into meaningful wholes
Perceptual OrganizationGrouping
the perceptual tendency to organize stimuli into coherent groups
Grouping Principles proximity- group nearby figures together similarity- group figures that are similar continuity- perceive continuous patterns connectedness- spots, lines and areas
are seen as unit when connected
Perceptual Organization
Figure and Ground organization of visual
field into objects (figures) that stand out from surroundings (ground)
Perceptual Organization-Depth PerceptionDepth Perception
ability to see objects in three dimensions
Binocular cues retinal disparity
images from the two eyes differ closer the object, the larger the disparity
convergenceneuromuscular cuetwo eyes move inward for near objects
Perceptual Organization-Depth Perception
Monocular Cues interposition
closer object blocks distant object
Perceptual Organization-Depth Perception
Monocular Cues linear perspective
parallel lines converge with distance
Linear perspective
Which horizontal line seems longer? Converging lines
~distance Horz lines same retinal
S Top perceived farther
away
Perceptual Constancy
Perceptual Constancy perceiving objects as unchanging
despite changes in retinal imageShape Size
Experiencevideo
Size Constancy
What’s happening here? Experience tells
him it is a large ship far away
Really it is a small ship close
Perceptual Interpretation
Perceptual Adaptation (vision) ability to adjust to an artificially displaced visual fieldUpside-Down Vision Video
Perceptual Set a mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another
Perceptual Set
Mental predisposition to perceive one thing and not another
Affects our perceptions of the world Errors Individual differences in perception
Perceptual Set Demo
If your last name starts with the letter ‘a’ - ‘n’ close your eyes
Others look at the screen
Creation of Perceptual Set
First group saw: Woman Eyes Face
Second group saw Performance Music Saxophone
Perceptual Set
Experience/context impacts percep sets Individual differences Momentary fluctuations
No objective reality We all perceive the world differently at
different times
Group Activity II: ESP
In groups of 4-5 and using the text: Define ESP and describe at least 2 types Describe the kind of research that
examines ESP Summarize the state of the scientific
evidence for ESP
PLEASE TURN THIS IN AFTER CLASS!
ESPExtrasensory Perception
Controversial claim that perception can occur apart from sensory inputTelepathyClairvoyancePrecognition
Parapsychology The study of paranormal phenomena
ESPPsychokinesis
ESP
No scientifically reliable and valid evidence for ESP has yet been found Does NOT mean ESP does not exist No evidence yet
Skeptical, critical attitude of science Curious Explorers