people, planet, prosperity programme of action for the world summit on sustainable development 2002
TRANSCRIPT
People, Planet, Prosperity
Programme of action for the
World Summit on Sustainable
Development 2002
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
World population has doubled to 6,1 billion in last 40 years
Population projected to grow to 9,3 billion over next 50 years
All this growth will be in developing countries By 2050 4,2 billion people will be living in
countries that cannot meet basic requirement of 50 litres of potable water per capita per day
United Nations World Population Report 2001
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
Globally, infant mortality rates have fallen from 107 (per 1000 live births) in 1970 to 59 in 1998 – but rates are 10 times higher in developing countries than industrialised world
Adult illiteracy has fallen from 41% in 1975 to 24% in 2000
Average per capita income has risen from $4332 in 1980 to $5595 in 2000 (in developing countries only, the increase has been from $989 to $1354)
Draft WDR 2003
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
1 billion people live on less than $1 per day This figure has not changed since 1970,
although poverty has decreased in percentage terms
But since 1990 the number of poor has increased by an average of 10m per annum for Latin America, South Asia, sub-Saharan Africa
Draft WDR 2003
DEVELOPMENT TRENDS
1,1 billion people are undernourished and underweight
1,5 billion people live in water scarce areas 1 billion people live on environmentally fragile
lands 35 million people HIV positive 15,5 million people will die from HIV/AIDS in
next 5 years in 45 most affected countriesUnited Nations World Population Report 2001
ENVIRONMENTAL DEGRADATIONLand degradationWater scarcityBiodiversity lossClimate change
LAND DEGRADATION
30% of irrigated lands, 40% of rain fed areas and 70% of rangelands are severely degraded
20% of tropical forests cleared since 1970 Rain forests are being destroyed at the
highest rate in history Drivers: agriculture, biomass energy, logging,
infrastructure, climate changeDraft WDR 2003
WATER SCARCITY
54% of available fresh water supplies are being used annually, two-thirds for agriculture
Population growth will push this to 70% by 2025, and 90% if consumption in developing countries matches that of the developed world
In developing countries 95% of sewage and 70% of industrial watse are dumped untreated into water courses
200 rivers cross international boundaries and 13 major rivers and lakes are shared by 100 countries
United Nations World Population Report 2001
BIODIVERSITY LOSS
70% of fisheries depleted or fully exploited Global fish stocks declining by 660 000 t per year One third of all biodiversity squeezed to 1% of
earth’s surface In 1996 25% of world’s 4630 mammal species and
11% of the 9675 bird species were at significant risk of extinction
One quarter of all plant species will be extinct by 2025
CLIMATE CHANGE
Already breached CO2 absorptive capacity Global temperatures project to increase by 3 –
5O
C over next 50 years This will cause profound changes in habitat,
biodiversity loss, droughts, floods and food security
GLOBALISATION
Global economy Increasing inequality despite unprecedented
productivity and capital accumulation Global society
Unprecedented consumption and mobility by society but 1,1b people live in severe poverty
Global environmentDeclining environmental assets are global
concern; limited environmental rights of poor
A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Global economyGlobal “equity”, balanced and stable development
Global societyFulfilled, creative and productive world population
Global environmentErosion of global environmental assets stabilised,
biodiversity loss halted, consumption balanced with earth’s capacity to renew resources
A SUSTAINABLE FUTURE
Poverty and inequality are greatest threat to sustainable global development in 21st Cent.
Seriously tackling inequality will involve changes in developed-developing country relationship in terms of governance, trade, investment, debt relief
Governments cannot do this alone – partnership with business, industry and civil society is critical
A “Global deal” is needed to achieve a sustainable global economy, society and environment
“Global Deal” must achieve:
“Global Deal” must achieve:
Renewed commitment to the implementation of Agenda 21
Consumption and production patterns balanced with earth’s capacity to renew resources
Environment managed as a global public good Implementation of global commitment to
combat poverty for sustainable development
“Global Deal” must achieve:
Impact on economic factors underpinning marginalisation of Africa and developing world – trade, finance, investment
Agreement to reform and replenish global financing mechanisms
Resources, investment and finances committed to sustainable development agenda, and New Partnership for African Development
“Global Deal” must achieve:
Peace, security and stability Agreement on instruments to address gaps in
international governance framework, and focus on capacity building for equitable global governance
Legitimate and equitable national and international governance
“Global Deal” must achieve:
Johannesburg Programme of Action with clear commitments, targets, delivery mechanisms, resources and monitoring
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT
•Trade•Finance
•Investment•Technology
transfer
SOCIALDEVELOPMENT
•Water•Health•Energy
•Education•Food security
ENVIRONMENT•Oceans
•Atmosphere•Biodiversity
•Land degradation•Climate change
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
SOCIALDEVELOPMENT
•Water•Health•Energy
•Education•Food security
ENVIRONMENT•Oceans
•Atmosphere•Biodiversity
•Land degradation•Climate change
ECONOMICPROGRAMME
COMMITMENTS•Trade
•Finance•Investment•Technology
transfer
ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
BETTER ACCESS FOR DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
TO GLOBAL MARKETS
INCREASE INVESTMENTFOR DEVELOPING
ECONOMIES
RESOURCE COMMITMENTFROM DEVELOPMENT
FINANCE INSTITUTIONS
DEBT RELIEF PROGRAMMEEXTENDED TO OTHER
DEVELOPING COUNTRIES
TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT &
TRANSFER
TECHNOLOGY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
Building sustainable science and technology in Africa through domestic R&D spending and multi-national investment
Equity, access and incentives in the global knowledge system
Implementation of the S&T commitments in existing agreements
Using S&T and innovation in sustainable trade
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS
0,4% of Africans and South Asians have used internet vs. half of North Americans
Enabling environments needed to encourage investment in hardware and tertiary education
National e-strategies to address issues such as connectivity, regulatory environments, human capacity
Extend Global Network Readiness initiative
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT
•Trade•Finance
•Investment•Technology
transfer
ENVIRONMENT•Oceans
•Atmosphere•Biodiversity
•Land degradation•Climate change
SOCIALPROGRAMMES
•Water•Health•Energy
•Education•Food security
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
PROGRAMME FORACCESS TO SAFE WATER
AND SANITATION
ENERGY ACCESS PROGRAMME PUTS 50%
AFRICAN HOUSEHOLDS ON INTEGRATED ENERGY GRID
ACCESS TO HEALTHCARE AND POA FOR
HIV/AIDS & COMMUNICABLE
DISEASES
POA FOR SKILLSDEVELOPMENT &
LITERACY
POA TO ENSURE INCREASED GLOBAL
FOOD SECURITY
WATER
One out of every 5 human beings lacks access to safe drinking water
Target: halve the proportion of people unable to reach or afford safe drinking water by 2015
Global programme will require national strategies, greater financial investment and innovative technological solutions from public and private sectors
ENERGY
2 billion people lack access to commercial energy, contributing to poor productivity, deforestation and land degradation in developing countries
Target: put 50% of African households on an integrated energy grid by 2015
Improve energy efficiency and expand access to commercial and renewable sources of energy
FOOD SECURITY
Half the world’s extreme poor depend on farming and farm labour for their livelihoods
Target: halve the proportion of people suffering from hunger by 2015
Assist communities to double agricultural productivity from the 2000 level by 2015
EDUCATION
Target: achieve universal access to primary education by 2015, and eliminate gender disparities in primary and secondary education
$9b per annum extra spending needed to achieve education target by 2015
= 0,14% of combined GNP of developing countries = 0,03% of global GNP “education for all” is achievable at global level along
with other international development targets
HEALTH
Targets: Halt and reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS by 2015 Reduce under-five mortality rate by two-thirds by 2015 Reduce maternal mortality rate by two thirds by 2015
$7 – 10b needed per annum for prevention and limited treatment of HIV/AIDS
National strategies and financing plans to be adopted by 2003 for fighting HIV/AIDS
Set national goals for reducing HIV prevalence among people aged 15 – 24 by 25% by 2005
SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
ECONOMICDEVELOPMENT
•Trade•Finance
•Investment•Technology
transfer
SOCIALDEVELOPMENT
•Water•Health•Energy
•Education•Food security
GLOBALENVIRONMENTPROGRAMMES
•Oceans•Atmosphere•Biodiversity
•Desertification•Climate change
ENVIRONMENT COMMITMENTS
Environmental protection of the poor Greater commitment to developing country agendas
Desertification Sustainable use of biodiversity
New global instruments to address gaps Oceans and coasts Forests Waste Air pollution
Ensuring better developing country engagement – “IEG” process
ENVIRONMENT PROGRAMMES
SUSTAINABLE USE OFNATURAL RESOURCESFOR DEVELOPMENT
STRENGTHENING ENVIRONMENTAL
GOVERNANCE
MITIGATING GLOBALCLIMATE CHANGE
TO ACHIEVE TARGETS
PROTECTING HUMAN RIGHTS THROUGH
WASTE AND AIRPOLLUTION REDUCTION
FORESTS
FORESTS
Target: 50 m hectares of highly threatened forest areas to be protected by 2005
Priority forests for sustainable management:Congo Basin, Mozambique, MadagascarRussia IndonesiaAmazon Basin
Global certification system for legal logging
GOVERNANCE
GOVERNANCE
Peace, democracy, security and stability are essential for sustainable development
Enhance NAI programme for sound governance Strengthen coordination of the environmental, social
and economic pillars of sustainable development Improve effectiveness of Commission for
Sustainable Development Reform global governance for environment system
GLOBAL PARTNERSHIP WITH GOVERNMENTS
BUSINESS SECTOR
UN AGENCIES& DFIs
CIVIL SOCIETY
GLOBALPARTNERSHIPAROUND JHBPROGRAMME
OF ACTION
PARTNER CONTRIBUTIONS
GOVERNMENT Country strategies for
sustainable development with matching state resources
Create conducive implementation environment
Engineering sub-regional and regional implementation agreements
BUSINESS Agreement to tackle
marginalisation of the poorest with “growth” agreements on trade, investment, financing, infrastructure linked to governance
Adopt environmental and social auditing systems
Proactive investment in sustainable development initiatives
PARTNER CONTRIBUTIONS
CIVIL SOCIETY Multiple actions to
highlight environment and development problems
An enabling, facilitatory and capacity building role within a global POA
Promote participation of marginalised groups like women and youth
DFIs & UN Agencies Prioritisation of Global POA
in these institutions Offer of enabling financing
agreements Inter-institutional co-
ordination Mechanism to integrate IMF,
WB, WTO, and other non-UN institutions
Early agreement on roles, institutional arrangements and financing NB
JOHANNESBURG OUTPUTS
JOHANNESBURG OUTPUTS
Global partnership to address inequality and poverty Johannesburg POA to deliver on WSSD outcomes
incl Millennium Summit targets, with monitoring and delivery mechanisms, financing mechanisms, timeframes
Integration of trade, finance and investment issues into sustainable development agenda
Specific sectoral agreements and programmes
People, Planet,
Prosperity
SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMMES
During 2nd half of ’90s developing countires spent 12 – 14% of national budgets on basic social services
Donor countries spent 10 – 12% of aid budgets on social services
Shortfall = $100b per annum