peaches and nectarines chapter 18. tree growth and limiting factors 15 feet tall. 20 feet wide can...
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Peaches and Nectarines
Chapter 18
Tree Growth and limiting factors• 15 feet tall.• 20 feet wide• Can remain productive for 15 to
20 years, but usually die earlier.• Flowers are on hangers that are
1 yr old• Yields
– Processing = 18 ton/acre– Fresh market = 10 ton/acre
• Stone Fruit = have a stony pit• Yellow• White• Freestone• Cling• Semi-freestone• 45% are sold fresh market• 55% are sold as processed
• 75% of processed peaches are canned
• 15% are frozen• 2% are dried• 8% are made into baby food,
wine, brandy or pickled.• Processing peaches have a non-
melting flesh. (flesh that remains firm when ripe)
• Prop sticks for processing peaches
Nectarines
• No fuzz• Make up 17% of total
production
Peach
• White = 16 to 17%• Yellow = 12 to 14%• Yellow peaches = 82%
of total production• White peaches = 1%
of total production• 77% of US Production
comes from California• Originated in China
Site Selection
Selecting Rootstocks
• Page 347
Choosing Cultivars
• Page 348
Orchard Layout
• See page 361Medium-low density, open
centeredMedium-high density, quad V
systemHigh-density, V-hedgerow systemHigh-density, V-trellis system
Pruning and training
Orchard Floor management, Irrigation & Fertilizers
• Floor– Winter cover crop– Cultivate 4 to 5 times in summer
• Irrigation– Flood– Micro sprinklers– Drip
• Fertilizer
Cultural practices• December• Peach leaf Curl
Kocide Df 10 pounds per acre
Super 90 Oil 2 gals per acre or
Nu Film P 6 fl oz per acre
• Weed control Preemergent ProgramGramoxone Max 2 pt per acreGoal 2XL 2 pt per acreSolicam DF 2.5 lb per
acrePrincep 4L 3 pts per
acreActivator 90 1 pt
per 100
January
• Dormant Spray Program (Optional)Asana 8 fl oz
per acreKocide 2000 6 lb per
acreSuper 90 Oil 5 gal
per acre• Peach leaf Curl
Kocide DF 10 pounds per acre
Super 90 Oil 2 gals per acre or
Nu Film P 6 fl oz per acre
• FertilizerCAN-17 40 lbs N 19
gallons per acre
February
• Blossom Treatment (mid February)
Orbit 4 oz per acreKocide 2000 1.5 lb
per acreRNA SI 100 1.5 fl oz per
100
March
• Full Bloom / ThripsVangard 5 oz per acreSuccess 6 fl oz
per acreRNA SI 100 1.5 fl oz per
100• Petal fall fungicide/ Insecticide
Bravo 4 pts per acre
Success 1 pt per acre (if dormant Spray is omitted)
• Fertilizer20-20-20 (Foliar) 10 lb per
acre
March Cont.
• GophersPhostoxin 1-2 tblts per
hole
• Phermone dispensers• Checkmate SF 150
disp per acre
April
• Powdery MildewRally 4 oz per acreRNA SI 100 1.5 fl oz per
100
June
• Phermone dispensersCheckmate SF 150
disp per acre
• Notes:• 1) Excessive Nitrogen is not good
for fresh fruit• 2) Spot treatment for some weeds
may require additional treatments• 3) Gopher Program may require
continuous monitoring and treatment
Insects
Peachtree borer
Peach twig borer
Oriental Fruit Moth
San Jose Scale Shothole borer
Green stink bug Consperse stink bug
Omnivorous leafroller adult
Omnivorous leafroller larva
katydid
Crown Gall
Phytophthora
Peach leaf curl
Bacterial Blast Bacterial Canker
Virticillum Wilt Scab
Weeds