pc hardware crash
DESCRIPTION
its helpfull for diploma students cse pc hardware servicing 5th unitTRANSCRIPT
![Page 1: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
Unit v TROUBLE SHOOTING PC
By M.Abdul
![Page 2: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/2.jpg)
ROOM PREPARATION AND POWER SUPPLY
* ROOM PREPARATION IS VERY IMPORTANT FOR MAINTAIN THE COMPUTER .
* LOCATIONS :
* THE ROOM SHOULD HAVE ENOUGH SPACE FOR ALL THE USERS .
* THE NUMBER OF ENTRANCES SHOULD BE LIMITED.
* THE ROOM SHOULD BE AWAY FROM SMOKE OR OTHER POLLUTANTS .
* THE ROOM SHOULD AWAY FROM RADIO FREQUENCY OR ANY RADIO SIGNALS .
* THE ROOM SHOULD BE NEAR BY POWER DISTRIBUTION POINTS .
* THE ROOM SHOULD BE PROVIDED WITH PROPER TELEPHONE CONNECTION FOR CONNECTING MODEMS .
![Page 3: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/3.jpg)
POLLUTION
* POLLUTANTS LIKE DIRT , SMOKE , DUST ETC ,, ARE NOT GOOD FOR SYSTEMS :
PRECAUTION :* CHAPPELS AND SHOES ARE NOT ALLOWED
INSIDE THE COMPUTER ROOM. * USE VACUUM CLEANERS FOR CLEANING
THE THE FLOOR. * ALWAYS KEEP THE DOORS OF COMPUTER
ROOM IS CLOSED * DON’T ALLOW PEOPLE TO DRINK , EAT OR
SMOKE CIGARETTE INSIDE THE COMPUTER ROOM * DON’T ALLOW LADIES WITH FLOWERS
ON THEIR HAIR .
![Page 4: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/4.jpg)
AIR CONDITIONING :
* HEAT AND MOISTURE ARE THE TWO WORST ENEMIES OF COMPUTERS
. * TEMP - 20 TO 25% .
* HUMIDITY - 40 TO 60% .
* This means , the room walls exposed to direct sunlight increases the capacity of the ac machine *
![Page 5: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/5.jpg)
POWER SUPPLY
* Power supplies are very important for maintain pc’s. Small problem make the major problems .*
* dirty power enters into the system .* it lost the data and hardware
components will be distroyed
![Page 6: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/6.jpg)
PROBLEM DESCRIPTION POSSIBLE CONSEQUENCES
surges Sudden temporaryIncreases in voltage.
Serious damage or destuction of equipments.
sags Sudden temporary reduction in voltage
Loss of data and/or abnormal termination of program
Brownout Prolonged reduction in voltage
Overheading of components and it will decrease the components life .
Blackout Complete loss of power
Complete loss of system until power is restored. This causes the loss of data currently running on the system.
![Page 7: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/7.jpg)
Voltage regulators *
* Voltage regulators are electronic or electromagnetical instruments
* solid state voltage regulators
* ferro resonant transformer regulators
![Page 8: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/8.jpg)
pcb
*Pcb means printed circut borad its small electronic components in electornic circuit boards.
![Page 9: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/9.jpg)
* solid state voltage regulators
![Page 10: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/10.jpg)
* ferro resonant transformer regulators
![Page 11: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/11.jpg)
* Servo stabilizer *
![Page 12: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/12.jpg)
CONSTRUCTION OF STABILIZER
![Page 13: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/13.jpg)
WORKING PRICIPLE OF STABiLIZER
![Page 14: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/14.jpg)
Uninterrupted power supply (ups)
* Uninterrupted power supply are used to provide continuos power to the computer *
* off line ups
* on line ups
![Page 15: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/15.jpg)
* off line ups *
Disadvantages
![Page 16: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/16.jpg)
* on line ups *
advantages
![Page 17: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/17.jpg)
Surge suppressor and spike isolators
![Page 18: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/18.jpg)
Installation practice
FDD JUMPER FOR DRIVE SELECT *
FDD cable twist *
FDD terminator *
![Page 19: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/19.jpg)
* Memory jumpers
* Cable connection orientation
*processor heat sink/colling fan
![Page 20: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/20.jpg)
Preventive maintenanceParts Type of maintenance
1. Floppy disk drive
2. Tape cartridge
3. Printer
4. Mouse
5. Keyboard
6. Mother Board
Head cleaning, speed checking.
Head cleaning and Alignment
Cleaning and oiling
Cleaning the optic lens .
Use vaccum cleaners to clean the dust
Change CMOS battery once in two years and dusting
![Page 21: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/21.jpg)
* Cotton swab
* Isoprophyl alcohol
* Vaccum cleaners
* Head cleaning disk
* Cleaning solution.
* Tape drive head cleaning cartridge
![Page 22: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/22.jpg)
Problem cause
* Following * * dust * High temp * Electrical noise and
interference * Magnetic fields * corrosoin * power fluctuations * improper handling
![Page 23: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/23.jpg)
PROBLEM EFFECT PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
1. dust Head crash in hard disk and cd drive, blocks the cooling fan and damages the processor’s .
Regular cleaning of the system and the room .
2.High temperature Data loss , electronic components and circuits failure
Provide a/c
3.Electrical noise and interference
Causes malfunctioning of circuits
Isolate the system current from other loads and use filters
4.Corrosion Affects the stored data in magnetic medium such as floppy and hard disk
Keep the system current away from magnetic devices such as TV etc
5.Magnetic fields Affects PCB and the PCB edge contacts
Control the humidity
6.Power fluctuations Data loss , damage of switch in the keyboard
Use stablizers and , ups , filters
![Page 24: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/24.jpg)
PROBLEM EFFECT PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
7. Improper handling Data loss, damage of switches in the keyborad etc
Use the keyboard gently , always keep the CD and DVD inside the Covers
![Page 25: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/25.jpg)
peripherals* A peripheral is a device attached to
a computer *
* keyborad
* printer
![Page 26: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/26.jpg)
* Keyborad preventive maintenance *
* do not apply force on the keys
* do not rest the hands on board
* do not keep anything on the board
* do not spill liquids
* use vaccum cleaners
![Page 27: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/27.jpg)
*printer preventive maintenance *
* Do not place the printers near the heat machines
* Clean the outer cover using domestic cleaning liquids
* Clean the inner parts using domestic cleaning liquids
* Use quality ribbons and toners
![Page 28: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/28.jpg)
*General precautions*
* Before switch off the mains switch off the monitors
* Unscrew the screws and remove the cables before removing the ciruits boards or pheripherals
* switch off the system before removing a pcb or removing cables
* Remove the CD and dvd from drive before shutdown
* do not allow to eat or drink near the systems
![Page 29: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/29.jpg)
* do not smoke near the system
* Always use dust covers when not used
* Store cd, floppy disketts in a clean and cool place
* place the system in max air circulation area or in an air conditition room
* clean the cooling fans window regularly
* Do not bend or scratch the cd
*do not switch off the system when the active red led is glow
![Page 30: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/30.jpg)
* clean the cooling fans window regularly
* Do not bend or scratch the cd
*do not switch off the system when the active red led is glow
![Page 31: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/31.jpg)
Fault elimination process
* Two parts *
* finding correct fault * eliminating the fault
* finding correct fault is a technique ./ sometimes a simple problem takes much time for identification . Some faults can be found by checking the various components , voltage pins / cables / earthing / jumper settings , switches position etc ,
![Page 32: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/32.jpg)
General faults in systems
* Dead system * Spurious problem * Security failures * Heart beats * Multiple faults
![Page 33: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/33.jpg)
* Dead system *
* It is very easy to confirm whether a system is dead or alive
* Normally it is simple to give lifi to a dead system than rectifiying a sick system
* dc voltage is absent * the clk signal is absent * firmware is corrupted * rom output is inactive
![Page 34: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/34.jpg)
* Microproccesor is fault or dead * The ac fuse is blown
![Page 35: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/35.jpg)
* Spurious problem *
* Spurious problem are nothing but hidden problems that are very hard to find *
* Finding these problem needs careful observation *
* the dc voltage has excessive ripples
* dc voltage is noisy
![Page 36: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/36.jpg)
* Security failures *
![Page 37: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/37.jpg)
* Heart beats *
![Page 38: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/38.jpg)
* Multiple faults *
![Page 39: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/39.jpg)
Systematic trouble shooting
* Symptoms observation * Symptoms analysis* Fault diagnosis * Fault rectification
![Page 40: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/40.jpg)
* Symptoms observation *
![Page 41: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/41.jpg)
* Symptoms analysis *
![Page 42: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/42.jpg)
* Fault diagnosis *
![Page 43: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/43.jpg)
* Fault rectification *
![Page 44: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/44.jpg)
![Page 45: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/45.jpg)
![Page 46: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/46.jpg)
![Page 47: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/47.jpg)
![Page 48: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/48.jpg)
![Page 49: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/49.jpg)
![Page 50: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/50.jpg)
![Page 51: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/51.jpg)
Diagnostic software and viruses
* Computer viruses *
![Page 52: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/52.jpg)
Virus feel act
![Page 53: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/53.jpg)
Precaution to ba taken to avoid viruses
![Page 54: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/54.jpg)
Anti virus softwares
![Page 55: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/55.jpg)
* norton *
* Norton is an antivirus softwares. It is used to protect the computer resource from known viruses
* with help of thsis we can detect the malwares and detect and clean the known viruses
* since new viruses are evolving every day
* the norton number of version in softwares
![Page 56: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/56.jpg)
* updates *
* The latest version suports all type of softwares *
* norton antivirus 2000 * norton antivirus 2001 * norton antivirus 2002 * norton antivirus 2003
* symantec norton antivirus 2004 outdated
![Page 57: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/57.jpg)
* Features *
* Automatically removes viruses, worms and trojan horses
* Scans and clean both incoming and outgoing e mail messages
* Detects and blocks viruses in instant messages attachments
* Downloads new virus updates automatically
* Worm blocking
![Page 58: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/58.jpg)
Identify the signature of virus
![Page 59: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/59.jpg)
* Firewalls *
![Page 60: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/60.jpg)
Packet filtering gateway
![Page 61: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/61.jpg)
Ip packet screening routers
![Page 62: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/62.jpg)
Increase your creativity
![Page 63: Pc hardware crash](https://reader033.vdocuments.us/reader033/viewer/2022061212/54959e6eb4795945538b45aa/html5/thumbnails/63.jpg)
THANK YOU