Pavlov and SkinnerPavlov and Skinner

State StandardsState Standards

Standard 5.0Standard 5.0

• identify people who are part of the history of identify people who are part of the history of psychologypsychology

• describe the major 20th century schools of describe the major 20th century schools of psychology such as Behaviorism, Gestalt, psychology such as Behaviorism, Gestalt, Psychoanalysis, and Humanistic.Psychoanalysis, and Humanistic.

State StandardsState Standards

Standard 6.1Standard 6.1

• understand personality approaches and understand personality approaches and

theories.theories.

• apply developmental theories to life apply developmental theories to life situations.situations.

•Pavlov discovered Pavlov discovered classical classical conditioningconditioning, when an organism , when an organism learns a response to a stimulus that learns a response to a stimulus that normally does not bring about that normally does not bring about that response.response.

•Pavlov found that dogs salivate Pavlov found that dogs salivate at the mere sound of a tuning at the mere sound of a tuning fork if it is rung at feeding time.fork if it is rung at feeding time.

Video ClipsVideo Clips

Pavlov’s ExperimentPavlov’s ExperimentThe OfficeThe Office

Parody of The OfficeParody of The OfficeClassical Conditioning at BGSUClassical Conditioning at BGSU

•B.F. Skinner is considered the B.F. Skinner is considered the father of behaviorism.father of behaviorism.

•Operant conditioningOperant conditioning: Process by : Process by which people make responses which people make responses because they have learned that because they have learned that positive or negative consequences positive or negative consequences are dependent on the response.are dependent on the response.

•Reinforcer: Any stimulus that Reinforcer: Any stimulus that increases a response.increases a response.

1. 1. Positive reinforcerPositive reinforcer: Stimulus : Stimulus

added to an environment that added to an environment that

increases a response.increases a response.

2. 2. Negative reinforcerNegative reinforcer: Stimulus : Stimulus

whose removal increases a whose removal increases a

response.response.

"Between stimulus and "Between stimulus and response, there is a space.  In response, there is a space.  In that space lies our freedom and that space lies our freedom and power to choose our response.  power to choose our response.  In our response lies our growth In our response lies our growth and freedom." and freedom."

--Viktor E. --Viktor E. Frankl Frankl (psychiatrist and Holocaust (psychiatrist and Holocaust survivor)survivor)

Journal EntryJournal Entry

Describe an example of each in Describe an example of each in your life and its effect on you:your life and its effect on you:

1. Presentation of a positive 1. Presentation of a positive reinforcement. reinforcement.

2. Presentation of a negative 2. Presentation of a negative

reinforcement.reinforcement.